Protium (plant)

Protium
	Protium heptaphyllum
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Eudicots
Clade:	Rosids
Order:	Sapindales
Family:	Burseraceae
Genus:	Protium; Burm.f. (1768), nom. cons.
Species
	151, see text
Synonyms
	Caproxylon Tussac (1827); Crepidospermum Hook.f. (1862); Dammara Gaertn. (1791); Hedwigia Sw. (1788), nom. rej.; Hemicrepidospermum Swart (1942); Icica Aubl. (1775); Icicopsis Engl. (1874); Knorrea DC. (1825), not validly publ.; Managa Aubl. (1775); Marignia Comm. ex Kunth (1824); Paraprotium Cuatrec. (1952); Schwaegrichenia Rchb. (1828); Tetragastris Gaertn. (1790); Tingulonga Rumph. ex Kuntze (1891);

Protium is a genus of more than 140 species of flowering plants in the family Burseraceae. It is native to the Neotropics from northern Mexico to Paraguay and southern Brazil, and to Madagascar, the Indian subcontinent, Indochina, southern China, the Philippines, Java, and New Guinea.^[1]^[2] The genus had been included in Bursera, but is distinct.^[3]

The species are usually small or medium-sized trees, but some can be large, up to 35 m (115 ft) tall. In their native range, some species are grown for timber, used as firewood, as medicinal plants, for their fruit, their resin (Copal) or in other cultural contexts.

Species

151 species are accepted.^[1]

Protium acrense Daly
Protium aguilarii D.Santam.
Protium aidanianum Daly
Protium altissimum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium altsonii Sandwith
Protium alvarezianum Daly & P.Fine
Protium amazonicum (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium amplum Cuatrec.
Protium almecega March.
Protium apiculatum Sw.
Protium aracouchini (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium araguense Cuatrec.
Protium atlanticum (Daly) Byng & Christenh.
Protium attenuatum (Rose) Urb.
Protium bahianum Daly
Protium balsamiferum (Sw.) Daly & P.Fine
Protium bangii Swart
Protium baracoense Bisse
Protium beandou Marchand ex Engl.
Protium boomii Daly
Protium brasiliense Engl.
Protium brenesii (Standl.) D.Santam.
Protium breviacuminatum (Swart) Byng & Christenh.
Protium buenaventurense Cuatrec.
Protium calanense Cuatrec.
Protium calendulinum Daly
Protium carana (Humb.) Marchand
Protium carnosum A.C.Sm.
Protium carolense Daly
Protium catuaba (Soares da Cunha) Daly & P.Fine
Protium cerradicola Daly
Protium chagrense (Pittier) Daly & P.Fine
Protium colombianum Cuatrec.
Protium confusum (Rose) Pittier (synonym Protium correae)
Protium connarifolium (G.Perkins) Merr.
Protium copal (Schltdl. & Cham.) Engl.
Protium cordatum Huber
Protium coriaceum Engl.
Protium cornutum Daly
Protium costaricense (Rose) Engl.
Protium cranipyrenum Cuatrec.
Protium crassipetalum Cuatrec.
Protium crenatum Sandwith
Protium cubense (Rose) Urb.
Protium cundinamarcense Cuatrec.
Protium cuneatum Swart
Protium cuneifolium (Cuatrec.) Byng & Christenh.
Protium dawsonii Cuatrec.
Protium decandrum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium decorum Daly
Protium demerarense Swart
Protium divaricatum Engl.
Protium ecuadorense Benoist
Protium elegans Engl.
Protium ferrugineum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium fragrans (Rose) Urb.
Protium gallicum Daly
Protium gallosum Daly
Protium giganteum Engl.
Protium glabrescens Swart
Protium glabrum (Rose) Engl.
Protium glaucescens Urb.
Protium glaucum J.F.Macbr.
Protium glaziovii Swart
Protium glomerulosum Cuatrec.
Protium goudotianum (Tul.) Byng & Christenh.
Protium grandifolium Engl.
Protium guacayanum Cuatrec.
Protium guianense (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium hammelii D.Santam.
Protium hebetatum Daly^[4]
Protium heptaphyllum (Aubl.) Marchand
Protium herbertii Daly & P.Fine
Protium icicariba (DC.) Marchand (= Icica icicariba)
Protium inodorum Daly
Protium insigne (Triana & Planch.) Engl.
Protium javanicum Burm.f.
Protium kleinii Cuatrec.
Protium klugii J.F.Macbr.
Protium krukoffii Swart
Protium laxiflorum Engl.
Protium leptostachyum Cuatrec.
Protium llanorum Cuatrec.
Protium macgregorii (F.M.Bailey) Leenh.
Protium macrocarpum Cuatrec.
Protium macrophyllum (Kunth) Engl.
Protium macrosepalum Swart
Protium madagascariense Engl.
Protium maestrense Bisse
Protium mcleodii I.M.Johnst.
Protium melinonis Engl.
Protium meridionale Swart
Protium minutiflorum Cuatrec.
Protium montanum Swart
Protium morii Daly
Protium mucronatum Rusby
Protium multijugum (Swart) Byng & Christenh.
Protium multiramiflorum Lundell
Protium nervosum Cuatrec.
Protium nitidifolium (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium nodulosum Swart
Protium obtusifolium (Lam.) Marchand (= Dammara graveolens)
Protium occhionii Rizzini
Protium occultum Daly
Protium opacum Swart
Protium ovatum Engl.
Protium oxapampae Daly & Reynel
Protium pallidum Cuatrec.
Protium panamense (Rose) I.M.Johnst.
Protium paniculatum Engl.
Protium pecuniosum Daly
Protium peruvianum Swart
Protium pilosellum Swart
Protium pilosissimum Engl.
Protium pilosum (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium pittieri (Rose) Engl.
Protium plagiocarpium Benoist
Protium polybotryum Engl.
Protium prancei (Daly) Byng & Christenh.
Protium pristifolium Daly
Protium ptarianum Steyerm.
Protium pullei Swart
Protium puncticulatum J.F.Macbr.
Protium ravenii D.M.Porter
Protium reticulatum (Engl.) Endl.
Protium retusum Daly
Protium rhoifolium (Benth.) Byng & Christenh.
Protium rhynchophyllum (Rusby) Daly
Protium robustum (Swart) D.M.Porter
Protium rubrum Cuatrec.
Protium sagotianum Marchand
Protium santamariae Perdiz, Daly & P.Fine
Protium serratum (Wall. ex Colebr.) Engl.
Protium spruceanum (Benth.) Engl.
Protium stevensonii (Standl.) Daly
Protium strumosum Daly
Protium subacuminatum Swart
Protium subserratum (Engl.) Engl.
Protium surinamense Byng & Christenh.
Protium tenuifolium (Engl.) Engl.
Protium tonkinense (Guillaumin) Engl.
Protium tonyanum Daly
Protium tovarense Pittier
Protium trifoliolatum Engl.
Protium unifoliolatum Engl.
Protium urophyllidium Daly
Protium varians (Little) Byng & Christenh.
Protium veneralense Cuatrec.
Protium vestitum (Cuatrec.) Daly
Protium warmingianum Marchand
Protium widgrenii Engl.
Protium yanachagae Daly
Protium yunnanense (Hu) Kalkman

Uses

Caranna, medicinal gum

References

^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Protium Burm.f. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 14 February 2024.
^ Daly, Douglas Charles de Burgh; Fine, Paul Van Antwerp; Martínez-Habibe, María Cristina (March 2012). "Burseraceae: a model for studying the Amazon flora". Rodriguésia. 63 (1): 021–030. doi:10.1590/s2175-78602012000100002. ISSN 2175-7860.
^ Douglas Charles de Burgh Daly; Paul Van Antwerp Fine; María Cristina Martínez-Habibe (January–March 2012). "Burseraceae: a model for studying the Amazon flora". Rodriguésia. 63 (1): 021–030. doi:10.1590/S2175-78602012000100002.
^ Douglas C. Daly (2018). "Notes on the Burseraceae in central Amazonia, including four new taxa. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae XXVI". Brittonia. 70 (4): 427–444. doi:10.1007/s12228-018-9537-1. S2CID 52123286.

Flora of Pakistan (treats species in the genus Bursera)

This Sapindales-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

[powo-1] Protium Burm.f. Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 14 February 2024.

[2] Daly, Douglas Charles de Burgh; Fine, Paul Van Antwerp; Martínez-Habibe, María Cristina (March 2012). "Burseraceae: a model for studying the Amazon flora". Rodriguésia. 63 (1): 021–030. doi:10.1590/s2175-78602012000100002. ISSN 2175-7860.

[3] Douglas Charles de Burgh Daly; Paul Van Antwerp Fine; María Cristina Martínez-Habibe (January–March 2012). "Burseraceae: a model for studying the Amazon flora". Rodriguésia. 63 (1): 021–030. doi:10.1590/S2175-78602012000100002.

[4] Douglas C. Daly (2018). "Notes on the Burseraceae in central Amazonia, including four new taxa. Studies in neotropical Burseraceae XXVI". Brittonia. 70 (4): 427–444. doi:10.1007/s12228-018-9537-1. S2CID 52123286.

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