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President of the Supreme Federal Court

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
President of the Supreme Federal Court
since 28 September 2023
Supreme Federal Court
StyleMr. President
(informal)
Your Excellency
(within court)
The Most Excellent Mr. President
(formal)
StatusChief justice
Member ofFederal judiciary
National Council of Justice
SeatSupreme Federal Court Palace, Brasília, Federal District
NominatorMembers of the Supreme Court
Term lengthTwo years
not renewable
Constituting instrumentConstitution of Brazil
Formation8 January 1829; 195 years ago (1829-01-08)
First holderJosé Albano Fragoso (Supreme Court of Justice)
Freitas Henriques (Supreme Federal Court)
SuccessionFourth
Salary$39,293 BRL
Websitestf.jus.br

The President of the Supreme Federal Court is the highest-ranking officer of the Brazilian judiciary branch. The holder is also president of the National Council of Justice (CNJ).[1] Among their responsibilities are representing both the Court and the council before other branches of government and authorities, presiding over plenary sessions of both institutions, enforcing the bylaws of the Court and Council, deciding points of order in their respective sessions, making decisions on injunctions during recess or vacation, and swearing in justices of the Supreme Court and councillors of the CNJ.[2][3]

The President and Vice President of the Supreme Court are elected by the other justices in a secret ballot, with a minimum quorum of eight justices, in a two-round system for a two-year term, with re-election for a new term prohibited.[2] Usually, the justices vote for the most senior justice who has not yet served as president, and they vote for the second most senior justice in the same situation as vice president. The tradition, present during most of the country's republican history, is for the Vice President to be elected by their peers to assume the presidency after the end of their term. The self-governance and self-determination of the Supreme Federal Court regarding the choice of its president did not exist in two historical periods. During the monarchy, the Emperor of Brazil appointed the President of the Supreme Court of Justice for a renewable three-year term.[4] Under the Constitution of 1937, the President of Brazil appointed the President of the Court from among the justices of the current composition for an indefinite term.[5][6]

The President of the Supreme Federal Court is fourth in the Brazilian presidential line of succession and can hold the office of President of the Federal Senate in exceptional situations. The longest presidency was held by Hermínio do Espírito Santo for 13 years and 312 days, while the shortest was held by Leoni Ramos for 23 days.[6] The Brazilian Presidents who appointed the most Presidents of the Supreme Court were Getúlio Vargas and Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, with six appointments each. The current President is Justice Luís Roberto Barroso, who has held the position since 28 September 2023.[7]

Presidents of the Supreme Court of Justice (1829–1891)

[edit]
No. Portrait Justice Took office Left office Time in office Appointer
1
José Albano Fragoso
José Albano Fragoso
(1768–1843)
8 January 1829 (1829-01-08)5 January 1832 (1832-01-05)2 years, 362 daysPedro I
2
Lucas Antônio Monteiro de Barros, Viscount of Congonhas do Campo
Lucas Antônio Monteiro de Barros, Viscount of Congonhas do Campo
(1767–1851)
5 January 1832 (1832-01-05)3 March 1842 (1842-03-03)10 years, 57 daysPermanent Triumviral Regency
3
José Bernardo de Figueiredo
José Bernardo de Figueiredo
(1769–1854)
26 April 1842 (1842-04-26)13 October 1849 (1849-10-13)7 years, 170 daysPedro II
4
Francisco de Paula Pereira Duarte
Francisco de Paula Pereira Duarte
(1784–1855)
17 October 1849 (1849-10-17)15 June 1855 (1855-06-15)5 years, 241 daysPedro II
5
Manuel Pinto Ribeiro Pereira de Sampaio
Manuel Pinto Ribeiro Pereira de Sampaio
(1780–1857)
15 February 1856 (1856-02-15)27 September 1857 (1857-09-27)1 year, 224 daysPedro II
6
Joaquim José Pinheiro de Vasconcelos, Viscount of Monserrate
Joaquim José Pinheiro de Vasconcelos, Viscount of Monserrate
(1799–1879)
27 September 1857 (1857-09-27)5 February 1864 (1864-02-05)6 years, 131 daysPedro II
7
Joaquim Marcelino de Brito
Joaquim Marcelino de Brito
(1799–1879)
5 February 1864 (1864-02-05)27 January 1879 (1879-01-27)14 years, 356 daysPedro II
8
João Antônio de Vasconcelos
João Antônio de Vasconcelos
(1802–1880)
1 February 1879 (1879-02-01)21 November 1880 (1880-11-21)1 year, 294 daysPedro II
9
Albino José Barbosa de Oliveira
Albino José Barbosa de Oliveira
(1809–1889)
27 November 1880 (1880-11-27)14 June 1882 (1882-06-14)1 year, 199 daysPedro II
10
Manuel de Jesus Valdetaro, Viscount of Valdetaro
Manuel de Jesus Valdetaro, Viscount of Valdetaro
(1807–1897)
14 June 1882 (1882-06-14)27 November 1886 (1886-11-27)4 years, 166 daysPedro II
11
João Evangelista de Negreiros, Viscount of Sabará
João Evangelista de Negreiros, Viscount of Sabará
(1817–1894)
27 November 1886 (1886-11-27)26 February 1891 (1891-02-26)4 years, 91 daysPedro II

Presidents of the Supreme Federal Court (1891–present)

[edit]
No. Portrait Justice Took office Left office Time in office Appointer
1
Freitas Henriques
Freitas Henriques
(1822–1903)
28 February 1891 (1891-02-28)9 February 1894 (1894-02-09)2 years, 346 daysDeodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
2
Aquino e Castro
Aquino e Castro
(1828–1906)
28 February 1894 (1894-02-28)10 August 1906 (1906-08-10)12 years, 163 daysDeodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
3
Piza e Almeida
Piza e Almeida
(1842–1908)
18 August 1906 (1906-08-18)22 April 1908 (1908-04-22)1 year, 248 daysDeodoro da Fonseca (Ind)
4
Pindaíba de Matos
Pindaíba de Matos
(1831–1913)
29 April 1908 (1908-04-29)26 December 1910 (1910-12-26)2 years, 241 daysFloriano Peixoto (Ind)
5
Hermínio do Espírito Santo
Hermínio do Espírito Santo
(1842–1924)
4 January 1911 (1911-01-04)11 November 1924 (1924-11-11)13 years, 312 daysFloriano Peixoto (Ind)
6
André Cavalcanti
André Cavalcanti
(1834–1927)
14 November 1924 (1924-11-14)13 February 1927 (1927-02-13)2 years, 91 daysPrudente de Morais (PR Federal)
7
Godofredo Cunha
Godofredo Cunha
(1860–1936)
22 February 1927 (1927-02-22)17 February 1931 (1931-02-17)3 years, 360 daysNilo Peçanha (PRF)
8
Leoni Ramos
Leoni Ramos
(1857–1931)
25 February 1931 (1931-02-25)20 March 1931 (1931-03-20)23 daysNilo Peçanha (PRF)
9
Edmundo Lins
Edmundo Lins
(1863–1944)
1 April 1931 (1931-04-01)15 November 1937 (1937-11-15)6 years, 228 daysVenceslau Brás (PRM)
10
Bento de Faria
Bento de Faria
(1876–1959)
19 November 1937 (1937-11-19)18 November 1940 (1940-11-18)2 years, 365 daysArtur Bernardes (PRM)
11
Eduardo Espínola
Eduardo Espínola
(1875–1968)
20 November 1940 (1940-11-20)24 May 1945 (1945-05-24)4 years, 185 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
12
José Linhares
José Linhares
(1886–1957)
26 May 1945 (1945-05-26)31 January 1949 (1949-01-31)3 years, 250 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
13
Laudo de Camargo
Laudo de Camargo
(1881–1963)
31 January 1949 (1949-01-31)24 April 1951 (1951-04-24)2 years, 83 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
14
José Linhares
José Linhares
(1886–1957)
2 May 1951 (1951-05-02)30 January 1956 (1956-01-30)4 years, 273 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
15
Orozimbo Nonato
Orozimbo Nonato
(1891–1974)
30 January 1956 (1956-01-30)26 January 1960 (1960-01-26)3 years, 361 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
16
Barros Barreto
Barros Barreto
(1895–1969)
29 January 1960 (1960-01-29)28 January 1962 (1962-01-28)1 year, 364 daysGetúlio Vargas (Ind)
17
Lafayette de Andrada
Lafayette de Andrada
(1900–1974)
29 January 1962 (1962-01-29)10 December 1963 (1963-12-10)1 year, 315 daysJosé Linhares (Ind)
18
Ribeiro da Costa
Ribeiro da Costa
(1897–1967)
11 December 1963 (1963-12-11)4 December 1966 (1966-12-04)2 years, 358 daysJosé Linhares (Ind)
19
Luís Gallotti
Luís Gallotti
(1904–1978)
14 December 1966 (1966-12-14)11 December 1968 (1968-12-11)1 year, 363 daysEurico Gaspar Dutra (PSD)
20
Gonçalves de Oliveira
Gonçalves de Oliveira
(1910–1992)
11 December 1968 (1968-12-11)18 January 1969 (1969-01-18)38 daysJuscelino Kubitschek (PSD)
Luís Gallotti
Luís Gallotti
(1904–1978)
Acting
18 January 1969 (1969-01-18)10 February 1969 (1969-02-10)23 daysEurico Gaspar Dutra (PSD)
21
Oswaldo Trigueiro
Oswaldo Trigueiro
(1905–1989)
10 February 1969 (1969-02-10)10 February 1971 (1971-02-10)2 years, 0 daysCastelo Branco (ARENA)
22
Aliomar Baleeiro
Aliomar Baleeiro
(1905–1978)
10 February 1971 (1971-02-10)9 February 1973 (1973-02-09)1 year, 365 daysCastelo Branco (ARENA)
23
Elói da Rocha
Elói da Rocha
(1907–1999)
9 February 1973 (1973-02-09)14 February 1975 (1975-02-14)2 years, 5 daysCastelo Branco (ARENA)
24
Djaci Falcão
Djaci Falcão
(1919–2012)
14 February 1975 (1975-02-14)14 February 1977 (1977-02-14)2 years, 0 daysCastelo Branco (ARENA)
25
Thompson Flores
Thompson Flores
(1911–2001)
14 February 1977 (1977-02-14)14 February 1979 (1979-02-14)2 years, 0 daysCosta e Silva (ARENA)
26
Antônio Neder
Antônio Neder
(1911–2003)
14 February 1979 (1979-02-14)16 February 1981 (1981-02-16)2 years, 2 daysEmílio Garrastazu Médici (ARENA)
27
Xavier de Albuquerque
Xavier de Albuquerque
(1926–2015)
16 February 1981 (1981-02-16)21 February 1983 (1983-02-21)2 years, 5 daysEmílio Garrastazu Médici (ARENA)
28
Cordeiro Guerra
Cordeiro Guerra
(1916–1993)
21 February 1983 (1983-02-21)25 February 1985 (1985-02-25)2 years, 4 daysErnesto Geisel (ARENA)
29
Moreira Alves
Moreira Alves
(1933–2023)
25 February 1985 (1985-02-25)2 March 1987 (1987-03-02)2 years, 5 daysErnesto Geisel (ARENA)
30
Rafael Mayer
Rafael Mayer
(1919–2013)
2 March 1987 (1987-03-02)14 March 1989 (1989-03-14)2 years, 12 daysErnesto Geisel (ARENA)
31
Néri da Silveira
Néri da Silveira
(born 1932)
14 March 1989 (1989-03-14)14 March 1991 (1991-03-14)2 years, 0 daysJoão Figueiredo (PDS)
32
Aldir Passarinho
Aldir Passarinho
(1921–2014)
14 March 1991 (1991-03-14)22 April 1991 (1991-04-22)39 daysJoão Figueiredo (PDS)
33
Sydney Sanches
Sydney Sanches
(born 1933)
10 May 1991 (1991-05-10)13 May 1993 (1993-05-13)2 years, 3 daysJoão Figueiredo (PDS)
34
Octavio Gallotti
Octavio Gallotti
(born 1930)
13 May 1993 (1993-05-13)17 May 1995 (1995-05-17)2 years, 4 daysJoão Figueiredo (PDS)
35
Sepúlveda Pertence
Sepúlveda Pertence
(1937–2023)
17 May 1995 (1995-05-17)20 May 1997 (1997-05-20)1 year, 307 daysJosé Sarney (MDB)
36
Celso de Mello
Celso de Mello
(born 1945)
22 May 1997 (1997-05-22)27 May 1999 (1999-05-27)2 years, 5 daysJosé Sarney (MDB)
37
Carlos Velloso
Carlos Velloso
(born 1936)
27 May 1999 (1999-05-27)31 May 2001 (2001-05-31)2 years, 4 daysFernando Collor (PRN)
38
Marco Aurélio Mello
Marco Aurélio Mello
(born 1946)
31 May 2001 (2001-05-31)5 June 2003 (2003-06-05)2 years, 5 daysFernando Collor (PRN)
39
Maurício Corrêa
Maurício Corrêa
(1934–2012)
5 June 2003 (2003-06-05)8 August 2004 (2004-08-08)1 year, 64 daysItamar Franco (MDB)
40
Nelson Jobim
Nelson Jobim
(born 1946)
20 August 2004 (2004-08-20)29 March 2006 (2006-03-29)1 year, 221 daysFernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
41
Ellen Gracie
Ellen Gracie
(born 1948)
27 April 2006 (2006-04-27)23 April 2008 (2008-04-23)1 year, 362 daysFernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
42
Gilmar Mendes
Gilmar Mendes
(born 1955)
23 April 2008 (2008-04-23)23 April 2010 (2010-04-23)0 daysFernando Henrique Cardoso (PSDB)
43
Cezar Peluso
Cezar Peluso
(born 1942)
23 April 2010 (2010-04-23)19 April 2012 (2012-04-19)1 year, 362 daysLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
44
Ayres Britto
Ayres Britto
(born 1942)
19 April 2012 (2012-04-19)17 November 2012 (2012-11-17)212 daysLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
45
Joaquim Barbosa
Joaquim Barbosa
(born 1954)
22 November 2012 (2012-11-22)31 July 2014 (2014-07-31)1 year, 251 daysLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
46
Ricardo Lewandowski
Ricardo Lewandowski
(born 1948)
10 September 2014 (2014-09-10)12 September 2016 (2016-09-12)2 years, 2 daysLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
47
Cármen Lúcia
Cármen Lúcia
(born 1954)
12 September 2016 (2016-09-12)13 September 2018 (2018-09-13)2 years, 1 dayLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
48
Dias Toffoli
Dias Toffoli
(born 1967)
13 September 2018 (2018-09-13)10 September 2020 (2020-09-10)1 year, 363 daysLuiz Inácio Lula da Silva (PT)
49
Luiz Fux
Luiz Fux
(born 1953)
10 September 2020 (2020-09-10)12 September 2022 (2022-09-12)2 years, 2 daysDilma Rousseff (PT)
50
Rosa Weber
Rosa Weber
(born 1948)
12 September 2022 (2022-09-12)28 September 2023 (2023-09-28)1 year, 16 daysDilma Rousseff (PT)
51
Luís Roberto Barroso
Luís Roberto Barroso
(born 1958)
28 September 2023 (2023-09-28)Incumbent1 year, 42 daysDilma Rousseff (PT)

Timeline

[edit]
Luís Roberto BarrosoRosa WeberLuiz FuxDias ToffoliCármen LúciaRicardo LewandowskiJoaquim BarbosaAyres BrittoCezar PelusoGilmar MendesEllen Gracie NorthfleetNelson JobimMarco Aurélio MelloJosé Celso de Mello FilhoMoreira AlvesJosé Linhares

References

[edit]
  1. ^ "Constituição da República Federativa do Brasil de 1988, Artigo 103-B". Palácio do Planalto (in Brazilian Portuguese). 5 October 1988. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  2. ^ a b "Diário da Justiça" (PDF). Supremo Tribunal Federal (in Brazilian Portuguese) (205). 27 October 1980. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  3. ^ "Presidência". Conselho Nacional de Justiça (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  4. ^ "Lei de 18 de setembro de 1828". Palácio do Planalto (in Portuguese). 18 September 1828. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  5. ^ "Decreto-Lei n° 2.770, de 11 de novembro de 1940". Câmara dos Deputados (in Brazilian Portuguese). 11 November 1940. Retrieved 10 June 2023.
  6. ^ a b Celso de Mello, José (2011). Notas sobre o Supremo Tribunal (Império e República) (PDF). Brasília: Supremo Tribunal Federal. Retrieved 22 May 2024.
  7. ^ Boadle, Anthony; Gregorio, David (28 September 2023). "Brazil Supreme Court's new chief justice faces stormy ties with Congress". Reuters (in Brazilian Portuguese). Retrieved 29 September 2023.