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Presidency of the United Nations Security Council

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Presidency of United Nations Security Council
رئاسة مجلس الأمن (Arabic)
联合国安全理事会主席 (Chinese)
Présidence du Conseil de sécurité (French)
Председатель Совета Безопасности (Russian)
Presidencia del Consejo de Seguridad (Spanish)
Member ofUnited Nations Security Council
SeatUnited Nations Headquarters
AppointerUnited Nations Security Council
Term lengthOne month
Constituting instrumentCharter of the United Nations
Formation17 January 1946
First holderAustralia
Websitewww.un.org/securitycouncil/content/presidency

The presidency of the United Nations Security Council is responsible for leading the United Nations Security Council. It rotates among the 15 member-states of the council monthly. The head of the country's delegation is known as the President of the United Nations Security Council. The presidency has rotated every month since its establishment in 1946,[1] and the president serves to coordinate actions of the council, decide policy disputes, and sometimes functions as a diplomat or intermediary between conflicting groups.

Role

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The United Nations Security Council chamber in New York City

The presidency derives responsibility from the Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council as well as the council's practice.[2] The role of the president involves calling the meetings of the Security Council,[3] approving the provisional agenda (proposed by the secretary-general),[4] presiding at its meetings,[5] deciding questions relating to policy[6] and overseeing any crisis. The president is authorized to issue both Presidential Statements[7] (subject to consensus among Council members) and notes,[8] which are used to make declarations of intent that the full Security Council can then pursue.[9] The president is also responsible for reading statements of the Security Council to the press. The holder of the presidency is considered to be the 'face' and spokesperson of the UNSC.[10] The holder of the presidency may appeal to parties in a conflict to "exercise restraint".[11]

The president represents the Security Council before other United Nations organs and member states. They also call upon members to speak, send applicants for United Nations membership to a committee of the UNSC and decide voting order.[12] Particularly after the end of the Cold War, the president has worked to coordinate the UNSC with other organs.[13] The president has authority to rule upon points of order, which can be put to a vote if a member of the council challenges it.[11] They also name members of various subsidiary organs, and are generally responsible for maintaining order.[14] Since November 2000, the president has generally prepared background papers for the topic being discussed.[15]

The president also continues to represent their state. If their nation is involved in a conflict the UNSC is discussing, they are expected to temporarily step down.[14] Conversely, because the presidency rotates monthly, all nations on the UNSC can evenly emphasize issues important to them.[16] Most non-permanent states hold the presidency once or twice during their two-year terms; Burkina Faso changed its name from Upper Volta in August 1984 during its term, and held it three times.[17] The president often makes a distinction between when they are speaking as the president and as the representative of their state.[18]

Davidson Nicol, an academic, writes that:

Although the role of the President should not be exaggerated, the work of the Council, its reputation and that of the United Nations are very much affected by the calibre and style of the individual who presides over the organ having responsibility for international peace and security. . . The Security Council is the pivot of the United Nations in efforts to maintain and enhance international peace and security. The major function of its President should be to guide it effectively and expeditiously toward this noble goal. [19]

Identity

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The Permanent Representative (ambassador) of the state to the security council is usually the president of the council,[12] but the presidency is technically given to a state and not a person.[16] For example, in January 2000, a month in which the United States held the presidency of the Security Council,[20] U.S. vice president Al Gore headed the United States delegation to the United Nations for a few days. As a result, Gore was the president of the Security Council during this time.[21] Heads of state have met six times at the UNSC.[22] All members of the council, including the president, must present credentials issued by either the head of state, the head of government, or the minister of foreign affairs of their respective states to the secretary-general, except if the representative is also the head of government or minister of foreign affairs.[23]

Rotation

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The United Nations Charter mentions the presidency once,[24] stating that the Security Council is empowered to establish rules of procedure, "including the method of selecting its president" in Article 30.[25] At its first meeting on 17 January 1946, the UNSC adopted provisional rule 18 and established that the presidency would rotate monthly among all the members of the Security Council, with no distinction between permanent and non-permanent members. The rotation takes place in alphabetical order of the member states' official names in English. French was originally proposed as the source of the order, based on its predecessor, the Council of the League of Nations, but English was picked by the Executive Committee of the UN Preparatory Commission, despite reservations that three permanent members could serve in order (the USSR, United States, and United Kingdom).[16] As such, Australia was the first nation to hold the presidency.[26][27][12] Such rotation makes the presidency unique among all United Nations organs.[16] The president is the only non-elected head of a United Nations organ.[26][28]

The president of the Security Council may optionally recuse themselves when the Security Council debates a question directly connected to the president's nation. For example, Cape Verde served as president in November 1993, but temporarily stepped down for part of the day on 10 November 1993 while the UN General Assembly and Security Council conducted an election to the International Court of Justice where Cape Verde was running for a seat. The Security Council member next in line, China, temporarily served as president during the election.[29]

Changes

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Due to the UNSC's first meeting being on a January 17, terms initially began on the 17th of every month. Since there were eleven members on the Security Council at the time, the last member in alphabetical order, the United States, was due to end its first term on 16 December 1946. It was suggested by Australia that month to extend the term to 31 December 1946 so that all future rotations of the presidency would occur on the first of every month (United Nations Security Council Resolution 14).

As a result, the first year of operation of the Security Council had all eleven members serve as president exactly once, the United States became the only member to serve a term longer than one month, and all future years that had an eleven-member Security Council would have one member serve twice for the January and December months.

On 1 January 1966, the Security Council was expanded to fifteen members, and no future members would serve as president more than once in a year barring exceptional circumstances.

Function

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In 1981, Sydney D. Bailey, an observer of the United Nations, divided the history of the UNSC into three eras; from 1946 to 1955, 1956–1965, and 1966 to 1981. In the first, presidents often acted on their own initiative without consulting the security council. During the second era, the security council was less involved in affairs relating to the Cold War, adopting the slogan "Leave it to Dag [Hammarskjöld]". From 1966 to 1981, the president began informally discussing matters before holding formal sessions and generally becoming more efficient.[30]

Early function

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Dmitry Manuilsky

In 1947 and 1948, the UNSC was involved in the independence of Israel and the ensuing 1947–1949 Palestine war. In July 1948, the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic held the presidency. The council met on 7 July upon the request of a United Nations mediator, to consider whether it should promote peace. The UNSC had previously invited representatives of the Arab Higher Committee and the Jewish Agency of Palestine to discuss the issue.[31]

Dmitry Manuilsky, the president in July, addressed the Jewish Agency as 'the representative of the State of Israel'. However, the UNSC had not formally recognized the state. Various member-states criticized his action, and only the United States supported it. In response, the Arab Higher Committee representatives left discussions, and did not return, hindering the UNSC's ability to negotiate the matter. Historian Istvan Pogany considers that "the President deliberately abused his office in order to further the objectives of his government."[31]

In 1948, the president informally engaged in diplomacy several times, the first in January 1948, when the Belgian president requested that India and Pakistan "refrain from any step incompatible with the Charter and liable to result in an aggravation of the situation". In April, the Colombian president met with representatives of the Jewish Agency and Arab Higher Committee to discuss possible terms for peace. Later that year, the Argentinian president established a 'Technical Committee on Berlin Currency and Trade'.[32] In August 1950, Sydney D. Bailey writes that the holder of the presidency, the Soviet Union, manipulated "the procedure of the Council for partisan purposes during debates on Korea".[33]

The president has also formally negotiated on behalf of the UNSC several times. In February 1957, upon the request of the UNSC, then-president Gunnar Jarring of Sweden prepared a report on India–Pakistan relations. He consulted with both nations and discussed many potential solutions to their disagreements, none of which were agreed upon. Such actions have generally not been requested since the 1970s. The president will also manage less formal negotiations upon request of the council.[32]

Later function

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Tsiang held the presidency 16 times, starting in 1948 and ending in 1962.

In a 31 March 1976 meeting discussing South African aggression against Angola, the meeting continued past midnight and it was technically 1 April. Thomas S. Boya, the representative of Benin and president for March, offered to pass the presidency on to China. Though the meeting was adjourned before a decision was reached, it became established procedure for the president to step down exactly when the month elapsed. A similar case on 31 May 2010 resulted in Nawaf Salam of Lebanon giving the presidency to Claude Heller of Mexico.[28]

In September 1994, during the Rwandan genocide, Rwanda was supposed to hold the presidency, but had not been present at Security Council meetings from 14 July. On 25 August, the Council decided to allow Spain to hold the position for September. A Rwandan delegation was again present on 16 September, and it was decided that the nation would hold the presidency in December.[17] The presidency has been ceded several times. The first was from 10 to 12 January 1950, when the representative of Taiwan ceded to Cuba. The United States ceded in 1948, China in 1950, India in 1951, Lebanon in 1956, and the United Kingdom in 1968. On 10 November 1993 the representative of Cape Verde, José Luís Jesus, ceded to China as he was a candidate for election to the International Court of Justice; and on 15 December 1994 the Rwandan representative ceded to Argentina. Both the United States and Soviet Union refused requests to cede the presidency, the US during the Cold War and USSR during the Congo Crisis.[34][35]

Taieb Slim, the Tunisian holder of the presidency in September 1980, asked Iran and Iraq to "desist from all armed activity and all acts that might worsen the dangerous situation and to settle their dispute by peaceful means.[11] The presidency was reformed in a 2010 note revised its function, largely focusing on increasing transparency. Efforts at such reform had begun in the 1990s.[36] There have been various other efforts to reform the position, such as allowing terms to be extended during times of war.[37]

Numerous people have served multiple times as president. The most times anyone has held the position is sixteen, by T.F. Tsiang, a representative of the Republic of China; the second-most was held by Yakov Malik, a representative of the USSR, ten.[38]

List of presidents

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1946–1949

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Presidents from 1946 to 1949:[39]

Dates State Name
17 January – 16 February 1946  Australia Norman Makin
17 February – 16 March 1946  Brazil Cyro de Freitas Valle
17 March – 16 April 1946  China Guo Taiqi
17 April – 16 May 1946  Egypt Hafez Afifi Pasha
17 May – 16 June 1946  France Alexandre Parodi
17 June – 16 July 1946  Mexico Francisco Castillo Nájera
17 July – 16 August 1946  Netherlands Eelco van Kleffens
17 August – 16 September 1946  Poland Oskar R. Lange
17 September – 16 October 1946  Soviet Union Andrei Gromyko
17 October – 16 November 1946  United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
17 November – 31 December 1946  United States Herschel V. Johnson II
January 1947  Australia Norman Makin
February 1947  Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
March 1947  Brazil Oswaldo Aranha
April 1947  China Quo Tai-chi
May 1947  Colombia Alfonso López Pumarejo
June 1947  France Alexandre Parodi
July 1947  Poland Oskar R. Lange
August 1947  Syria Faris al-Khoury
September 1947  Soviet Union Andrei Gromyko
October 1947  United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
November 1947  United States Warren Austin
December 1947  Australia John Hood
January 1948  Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
February 1948  Canada A. G. L. McNaughton
March 1948  China Tsiang Tingfu
April 1948  Colombia Alfonso López Pumarejo
May 1948  France Alexandre Parodi
June 1948  Syria Faris al-Khoury
July 1948  Ukrainian SSR Dmitry Manuilsky
August 1948  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1948  United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
October 1948  United States
 Argentina 		Warren Austin
Juan Atilio Bramuglia
November 1948  Argentina José Arce
December 1948  Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
January 1949  Canada A. G. L. McNaughton
February 1949  China Tsiang Tingfu
March 1949  Cuba Alberto Inocente Álvarez
April 1949  Egypt Mahmoud Fawzi Bey
May 1949  France Jean Chauvel
June 1949  Norway Arne Sunde
July 1949  Ukrainian SSR Dmitry Manuilsky
August 1949  Soviet Union Semyon K. Tsarapkin
September 1949  United Kingdom Alexander Cadogan
October 1949  United States Warren Austin
November 1949  Argentina José Arce
December 1949  Canada A. G. L. McNaughton

1950–1954

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Presidents from 1950 to 1954:[40]

Dates State Name
January 1950  China Tsiang Tingfu
February 1950  Cuba Carlos Blanco Sanchez
March 1950  Ecuador Homero Viteri Lafronte
April 1950  Egypt Mahmoud Fawzi Bey
May 1950  France Jean Chauvel
June 1950  India Benegal Narsing Rau
July 1950  Norway Arne Sunde
August 1950  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1950  United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
October 1950  United States Warren Austin
November 1950  Yugoslavia Aleš Bebler
December 1950  China Tsiang Tingfu
January 1951  Ecuador Antonio Quevedo
February 1951  France François Lacoste
March 1951  India
 Netherlands 		Benegal Narsing Rau
D. J. von Balluseck
April 1951  Netherlands D. J. von Balluseck
May 1951  Turkey Selim Sarper and Ilhan Savut
June 1951  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1951  United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
August 1951  United States Warren Austin
September 1951  Yugoslavia Aleš Bebler
October 1951  Brazil João Carlos Muniz
November 1951  China Tsiang Tingfu
December 1951  Ecuador Antonio Quevedo
January 1952  France Jean Chauvel
February 1952  Greece Alexis Kyrou
March 1952  Netherlands D. J. von Balluseck
April 1952  Pakistan Patras Bokhari
May 1952  Turkey Selim Sarper
June 1952  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1952  United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
August 1952  United States Warren Austin
September 1952  Brazil João Carlos Muniz
October 1952  Chile Hernán Santa Cruz
November 1952  China Tsiang Tingfu
December 1952  France Henri Hoppenot
January 1953  Greece Alexis Kyrou
February 1953  Lebanon Charles Malik
March 1953  Pakistan Ahmed S. Bokhari
April 1953  Soviet Union Andrey Vyshinsky
May 1953  United Kingdom Gladwyn Jebb
June 1953  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1953  Chile Rudecindo Ortega Masson
August 1953  China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1953  Colombia Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
October 1953  Denmark William Borberg
November 1953  France Henri Hoppenot
December 1953  Greece Alexis Kyrou
January 1954  Lebanon Charles Malik
February 1954  New Zealand Leslie Munro
March 1954  Turkey Selim Sarper
April 1954  Soviet Union Andrey Vyshinsky
May 1954  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
June 1954  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1954  Brazil Ernesto Leme
August 1954  China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1954  Colombia Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
October 1954  Denmark William Borberg
November 1954  France Henri Hoppenot
December 1954  Lebanon Charles Malik

1955–1959

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Presidents from 1955 to 1959:[40]

Dates State Name
January 1955  New Zealand Leslie Munro
February 1955  Peru Victor Belaunde
March 1955  Turkey Selim Sarper
April 1955  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
May 1955  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
June 1955  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
July 1955  Belgium Fernand van Langenhove
August 1955  Brazil Cyro de Freitas Valle
September 1955  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
October 1955  France Henri Hoppenot
November 1955 Iran Iran Nasrollah Entezam
December 1955  New Zealand Leslie Munro
January 1956  Peru Victor Belaunde
February 1956  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1956  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1956  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1956  Yugoslavia Jože Brilej
June 1956  Australia Edward Ronald Walker
July 1956  Belgium Josef Nisot
August 1956  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
September 1956  Cuba Emilio Núñez Portuondo
October 1956  France Christian Pineau, Bernard Cornut-Gentille, and Louis de Guiringaud
November 1956 Iran Iran Nasrollah Entezam
December 1956  Peru Victor Belaunde
January 1957  Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
February 1957  Sweden Gunnar Jarring
March 1957  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
April 1957  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
May 1957  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
June 1957  Australia Edward Ronald Walker
July 1957  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
August and September 1957  Colombia
 Cuba 		Francisco José Urrutia Holguín
Emilio Núñez Portuondo
October 1957  France Guillaume Georges-Picot
November 1957  Iraq Hashim Jawad
December 1957  Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
January 1958  Sweden Gunnar Jarring
February 1958  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1958  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1958  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1958  Canada Charles Ritchie
June 1958  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
July 1958  Colombia Alfonso Araújo Gaviria
August 1958  France Guillaume Georges-Picot
September 1958  Iraq Hashim Jawad
October 1958  Japan Koto Matsudaira
November 1958  Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1958  Sweden Gunnar Jarring
January 1959  Tunisia Mongi Slim
February 1959  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
March 1959  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
April 1959  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
May 1959  Argentina Mario Amadeo
June 1959  Canada Charles Ritchie
July 1959  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
August 1959  France Armand Bérard
September 1959  Italy Egidio Ortona
October 1959  Japan Koto Matsudaira
November 1959  Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1959  Tunisia Mongi Slim

1960–1964

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Presidents from 1960 to 1964:[41]

Dates State Name
January 1960  Soviet Union Arkady Sobolev
February 1960  United Kingdom Pierson Dixon
March 1960  United States Henry Cabot Lodge Jr.
April 1960  Argentina Mario Amadeo
May 1960  Ceylon Claude Corea
June 1960  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
July 1960  Ecuador José A. Correa
August 1960  France Armand Bérard
September 1960  Italy Egidio Ortona
October 1960  Poland Bohdan Lewandowski
November 1960  Tunisia Mongi Slim
December 1960  Soviet Union Valerian Zorin
January 1961  United Arab Republic Omar Loutfi
February 1961  United Kingdom Patrick Dean
March 1961  United States Adlai E. Stevenson
April 1961  Ceylon T. B. Subasinghe
May 1961  Chile Daniel Schweitzer
June 1961  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu and Y. C. Hsueh
July 1961  Ecuador Leopoldo Benites
August 1961  France Armand Bérard
September 1961  Liberia Nathan Barnes
October 1961  Turkey Turgut Menemencioglu
November 1961  Soviet Union Valerian Zorin
December 1961  United Arab Republic Omar Loutfi
January 1962  United Kingdom Patrick Dean
February 1962  United States Adlai E. Stevenson and Francis T. P. Plimpton
March 1962  Venezuela Carlos Sosa Rodríguez
April 1962  Chile Daniel Schweitzer
May 1962  Republic of China Tsiang Tingfu
June 1962  France Armand Bérard
July 1962  Ghana Alex Quaison-Sackey
August 1962  Ireland Frederick Boland
September 1962  Romania Mihai Haseganu
October 1962  Soviet Union Platon Morozov and Valerian Zorin
November 1962  United Arab Republic Mahmoud Riad
December 1962  United Kingdom Patrick Dean
January 1963  United States Adlai E. Stevenson
February 1963  Venezuela Carlos Sosa-Rodriguez
March 1963  Brazil Geraldo de Carvalho Silos
April 1963  Republic of China Liu Chieh
May 1963  France Roger Seydoux
June 1963  Ghana Alex Quaison-Sackey
July 1963  Morocco Ahmed Taibi Benhima
August 1963  Norway Sievert A. Nielsen
September 1963  Philippines Jacinto Castel Borja
October 1963  Soviet Union Nikolai Fedorenko
November 1963  United Kingdom Patrick Dean
December 1963  United States Adlai E. Stevenson, Charles Yost, and Francis T. P. Plimpton
January 1964  Bolivia Renan Castrillo Justiniano
February 1964  Brazil Carlos A. Bernardes
March 1964  Republic of China Liu Chieh
April 1964  Czechoslovakia Jiří Hájek
May 1964  France Roger Seydoux
June 1964  Ivory Coast Arsene A. Usher
July 1964  Morocco Ahmed Taibi Benhima
August 1964  Norway Sievert A. Nielsen
September 1964  Soviet Union Platon D. Morozov
October 1964  United Kingdom Patrick Dean
November 1964  United States Adlai E. Stevenson
December 1964  Bolivia Fernando Ortiz Sanz

1965–1969

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Presidents from 1965 to 1969:[41]

Dates State Name
January 1965  Republic of China Liu Chieh
February 1965  France Roger Seydoux
March 1965  Ivory Coast Arsene Usher
April 1965  Jordan Abdul Monem Rifa'i
May 1965  Malaysia Radhakrishna Ramani
June 1965  Netherlands J. G. de Beus
July 1965  Soviet Union Platon Morozov
August 1965  United Kingdom Roger Jackling
September 1965  United States Arthur Goldberg
October 1965  Uruguay Hector Payssé Reyes
November 1965  Bolivia Fernando Ortiz Sanz
December 1965  Republic of China Liu Chieh
January 1966  France Roger Seydoux
February 1966  Japan Akira Matsui
March 1966  Jordan Muhammed El-Farra
April 1966  Mali Moussa Leo Keita
May 1966  Netherlands J. G. de Beus
June 1966  New Zealand Frank Corner
July 1966  Nigeria Simeon Adebo
August 1966  Uganda Apollo Kironde
September 1966  Soviet Union Nikolai Fedorenko
October 1966  United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon and Roger Jackling
November 1966  United States Arthur Goldberg
December 1966  Uruguay Pedro P. Berro
January 1967  Argentina Raúl Alberto Quijano
February 1967  Brazil José Sette Câmara
March 1967  Bulgaria Milko Tarabanov
April 1967  Canada George Ignatieff
May 1967  Republic of China Liu Chieh
June 1967  Denmark Hans Tabor
July 1967  Ethiopia Endelkachew Makonnen
August 1967  France Roger Seydoux
September 1967  India Gopalaswami Parthasarathi
October 1967  Japan Senjin Tsuruoka
November 1967  Mali Mamadou Boubacar Kante
December 1967  Nigeria Simeon Adebo
January 1968  Pakistan Agha Shahi
February 1968  Paraguay Miguel Solano Lopez
March 1968  Senegal Ousmane Socé
April 1968  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
May 1968  United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon
June 1968  United States Arthur Goldberg
July 1968  Algeria Tewfik Bouattoura
August 1968  Brazil João Augusto de Araújo Castro
September 1968  Canada George Ignatieff
October 1968  Republic of China Liu Chieh
November 1968  Denmark Otto L. Borch
December 1968  Ethiopia Endelkachew Makonnen
January 1969  Finland Max Jakobson
February 1969  France Armand Bérard
March 1969  Hungary Károly Csatorday
April 1969  Nepal Padma Bahadur Khatri
May 1969  Pakistan Agha Shahi
June 1969  Paraguay Miguel Solano Lopez
July 1969  Senegal Ibrahima Boye
August 1969  Spain Jaime de Piniés
September 1969  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
October 1969  United Kingdom Hugh Foot, Baron Caradon
November 1969  United States Charles Yost
December 1969  Zambia Vernon Mwaanga

1970–1974

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Presidents from 1970 to 1974:[42]

Dates State Name
January 1970  Burundi Terence Nsanze
February 1970  Republic of China Liu Chieh
March 1970  Colombia Joaquín Vallejo Arbeláez
April 1970  Finland Max Jakobson
May 1970  France Jacques Kosciusco-Morizet
June 1970  Nepal Padma Bahadur Khatri
July 1970  Nicaragua Guillermo Sevilla Sacasa
August 1970  Poland Eugeniusz Kułaga
September 1970  Sierra Leone Davidson Nicol
October 1970  Spain Jaime de Piniés
November 1970  Syria George Tomeh
December 1970  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
January 1971  United Kingdom Colin Crowe
February 1971  United States Charles Woodruff Yost
March 1971  Argentina Carlos Ortiz de Rozas
April 1971  Belgium Edouard Longerstaey
May 1971  Burundi Terence Nsanze
June 1971  Republic of China Liu Chieh
July 1971  France Jacques Kosciusco-Morizet
August 1971  Italy Piero Vinci
September 1971  Japan Toru Nakagawa
October 1971  Nicaragua Guillermo Sevilla Sacasa
November 1971  Poland Eugeniusz Kułaga
December 1971  Sierra Leone Ismail Byne Taylor-Kamara
January 1972  Somalia Abdulrahim Abby Farah and Umar Arteh Ghalib
February 1972  Sudan Mansour Khalid, Rahmatalla Abdalla, and Mohammed Fakhreddine
March 1972  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
April 1972  United Kingdom Colin Crowe
May 1972  United States George H. W. Bush
June 1972  Yugoslavia Lazar Mojsov
July 1972  Argentina Carlos Ortiz de Rozas
August 1972  Belgium Edouard Longerstaey
September 1972  People's Republic of China Huang Hua
October 1972  France Louis de Guiringaud
November 1972  Guinea Jeanne-Martin Cissé
December 1972  India Samar Sen
January 1973  Indonesia Chaidir Anwar Sani
February 1973  Kenya Joseph Odero-Jowi
March 1973  Panama Aquilino Boyd, Omar Torrijos, and Juan Antonio Tack
April 1973  Peru Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
May 1973  Sudan Ramatalla Abdulla
June 1973  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
July 1973  United Kingdom Kenneth Jamieson and Colin Crowe
August 1973  United States John A. Scali
September 1973  Yugoslavia Lazar Mojsov
October 1973  Australia Laurence McIntyre
November 1973  Austria Peter Jankowitsch
December 1973  People's Republic of China Huang Hua
January 1974  Costa Rica Gonzalo Facio Segreda
February 1974  France Louis de Guiringaud
March 1974  Indonesia Chaidir Anwar Sani
April 1974  Iraq Talib Shabib
May 1974  Kenya Charles Gatere Maina
June 1974  Mauritania Moulaye El Hassen
July 1974  Peru Javier Pérez de Cuéllar
August 1974  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
September 1974  United Kingdom Ivor Richard
October 1974  Cameroon Michel Njine
November 1974  United States John A. Scali
December 1974  Australia Laurence McIntyre

1975–1979

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Presidents from 1975 to 1979:[42]

Dates State Name
January 1975 Byelorussian Soviet Socialist Republic Byelorussian SSR Guerodot G. Tchernouchtchenko
February 1975  People's Republic of China Huang Hua
March 1975  Costa Rica Gonzalo J. Facio and Fernando Salazar
April 1975  France Louis de Guiringaud
May 1975  Guyana Shridath Ramphal
June 1975  Iraq Abdul Karim Al-Shaikhly
July 1975  Italy Eugenio Plaja
August 1975  Japan Shizuo Saito
September 1975  Mauritania Moulaye El Hassen
October 1975  Sweden Olof Rydbeck
November 1975  Soviet Union Yakov Malik
1–15, 17–31 December 1975  United Kingdom Ivor Richard
16 December 1975  Cameroon Ferdinand Oyono
January 1976  United Republic of Tanzania Salim Ahmed Salim
February 1976  United States Daniel Patrick Moynihan
March 1976  Benin Thomas S. Boya
April 1976  People's Republic of China Huang Hua
May 1976  France Louis de Guiringaud
June 1976  Guyana Rashleigh E. Jackson and Frederick R. Wills
July 1976  Italy Piero Vinci
August 1976  Japan Isao Abe
September 1976  Libya Mansour Rashid El-Kikhia
October 1976  Pakistan Iqbal A. Akhund
November 1976  Panama Jorge Illueca
December 1976  Romania Ion Datcu
January 1977  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
February 1977  United Kingdom James Murray
March 1977  United States Andrew Young
April 1977  Venezuela Simón Alberto Consalvi
May 1977  Benin Thomas S. Boya
June 1977  Canada William Hickson Barton
July 1977  People's Republic of China Chen Chu
August 1977  France Jacques Leprette
September 1977  Federal Republic of Germany Rüdiger von Wechmar
October 1977  India Rikhi Jaipal
November 1977  Libya Mansour Rashid El-Kikhia
December 1977  Mauritius Radha Krishna Ramphul and Harold E. Walter
January 1978  Nigeria Joseph Nanven Garba and Leslie O. Harriman
February 1978  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
March 1978  United Kingdom Ivor Richard
April 1978  United States Andrew Young
May 1978  Venezuela Ruben Carpio Castillo
June 1978  Bolivia Mario Rolon Anaya
July 1978  Canada William Hickson Barton
August 1978  People's Republic of China Chen Chu
September 1978  Czechoslovakia Ilja Hulínský
October 1978  France Jacques Leprette
November 1978  Gabon Léon N'Dong
December 1978  Federal Republic of Germany Rüdiger von Wechmar
January 1979  Jamaica Donald O. Mills
February 1979  Kuwait Abdalla Y. Bishara
March 1979  Nigeria Leslie O. Harriman
April 1979  Norway Ole Ålgård
May 1979  Portugal Vasco Futscher Pereira
June 1979  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
July 1979  United Kingdom Ivor Richard
August 1979  United States Andrew Young
September 1979  Zambia Paul J. F. Lusaka
October 1979  Bangladesh Khwaja Mohammed Kaiser
November 1979  Bolivia Sergio Palacios de Vizzio
December 1979  People's Republic of China Chen Chu

1980–1984

[edit]

Presidents from 1980 to 1984:[43]

Dates State Name
January 1980  France Jacques Leprette
February 1980  German Democratic Republic Peter Florin
March 1980  Jamaica Donald O. Mills
April 1980  Mexico Porfirio Muñoz Ledo
May 1980  Niger Ide Oumarou
June 1980  Norway Ole Ålgård
July 1980  Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
August 1980  Portugal Vasco Futscher Pereira
September 1980  Tunisia Taieb Slim
October 1980  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
November 1980  United Kingdom Anthony Parsons
December 1980  United States Donald McHenry
January 1981  People's Republic of China Ling Qing
February 1981  France Jacques Leprette
March 1981  German Democratic Republic Peter Florin
April 1981  Ireland Noel Dorr
May 1981  Japan Masahiro Nisibori
June 1981  Mexico Porfirio Muñoz Ledo
July 1981  Niger Ide Oumarou
August 1981  Panama Jorge Illueca
September 1981  Philippines Carlos P. Romulo
October 1981  Spain Jaime de Piniés
November 1981  Tunisia Taieb Slim
December 1981  Uganda Olara Otunnu
January 1982  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
February 1982  United Kingdom Anthony Parsons
March 1982  United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
April 1982  Zaire Gérard Kamanda wa Kamanda
May 1982  People's Republic of China Ling Qing
June 1982  France Luc de la Barre de Nanteuil
July 1982  Guyana Noel G. Sinclair
August 1982  Ireland Noel Dorr
September 1982  Japan Masahiro Nisibori
October 1982  Jordan Hazem Nuseibeh
November 1982  Panama Carlos Ozores Typaldos
December 1982  Poland Włodzimierz Natorf
January 1983  Togo Atsu-Koffi Amega
February 1983  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
March 1983  United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
April 1983  United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
May 1983  Zaire Umba di Lutete and Gérard Kamanda wa Kamanda
June 1983  Zimbabwe Elleck Mashingaidze
July 1983  People's Republic of China Ling Qing
August 1983  France Luc de la Barre de Nanteuil
September 1983  Guyana Noel G. Sinclair
October 1983  Jordan Abdullah Salah
November 1983  Malta Victor J. Gauci
December 1983  Netherlands Max van der Stoel
January 1984  Nicaragua Francisco Javier Chamorro Mora
February 1984  Pakistan S. Shah Nawaz
March 1984  Peru Javier Arias Stella
April 1984 Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Ukrainian SSR Volodymyr O. Kravets
May 1984  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
June 1984  United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
July 1984  United States Jeane Kirkpatrick
August 1984  Upper Volta, from 4 August on as  Burkina Faso Leandre Bassole
September 1984  Zimbabwe Elleck Mashingaidze
October 1984  Burkina Faso Basile Laerte Guissou and Leandre Bassole
November 1984  People's Republic of China Ling Qing
December 1984  Egypt Ahmed Tawfik Khalil

1985–1989

[edit]

Presidents from 1985 to 1989:[43]

Dates State Name
January 1985  France Claude de Kemoularia
February 1985  India Natarajan Krishnan
March 1985  Madagascar Blaise Rabetafika
April 1985  Peru Javier Arias Stella
May 1985  Thailand Birabhongse Kasemsri and Siddhi Savetsila
June 1985  Trinidad and Tobago Errol Mahabir and D. H. N. Alleyne
July 1985 Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic Ukrainian SSR Hennadiy Udovenko
August 1985  Soviet Union Oleg Troyanovsky
September 1985  United Kingdom John Adam Thomson and Geoffrey Howe
October 1985  United States Herbert S. Okun and Vernon A. Walters
November 1985  Australia Richard Woolcott
December 1985  Burkina Faso Leandre Bassole
January 1986  People's Republic of China Luye Li
February 1986 Republic of the Congo People's Republic of the Congo Martin Adouki
March 1986  Denmark Ole Bierring
April 1986  France Claude de Kemoularia
May 1986  Ghana James Victor Gbeho
June 1986  Madagascar Blaise Rabetafika
July 1986  Thailand Birabhongse Kasemsri
August 1986  Trinidad and Tobago D. H. N. Alleyne
September 1986  Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
October 1986  United Arab Emirates Mohammed Hussein Al Shaali
November 1986  United Kingdom John Adam Thomson
December 1986  United States Vernon A. Walters
January 1987  Venezuela Andres Aguilar
February 1987  Zambia Peter D. Zuze
March 1987  Argentina Marcelo Delpech
April 1987  Bulgaria Boris Tsvetkov
May 1987  People's Republic of China Jiahua Huang
June 1987 Republic of the Congo People's Republic of the Congo Martin Adouki
July 1987  France Jean-Bernard Raimond and Pierre-Louis Blanc
August 1987  Federal Republic of Germany Hans Werner Lautenschlager
September 1987  Ghana James Victor Gbeho
October 1987  Italy Maurizio Bucci
November 1987  Japan Kiyoaki Kikuchi
December 1987  Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
January 1988  United Kingdom Crispin Tickell
February 1988  United States Herbert S. Okun and Vernon A. Walters
March 1988  Yugoslavia Dragoslav Pejić
April 1988  Zambia Peter D. Zuze
May 1988  Algeria Hocine Djoudi
June 1988  Argentina Marcelo Delpech
July 1988  Brazil Paulo Nogueira Batista
August 1988  People's Republic of China Li Luye
September 1988  France Pierre-Louis Blanc
October 1988  Federal Republic of Germany Alexander Graf York von Wartenburg
November 1988  Italy Mario Scialoja and G. Migliuolo
December 1988  Japan H. Kagami
January 1989  Malaysia Razali Ismail
February 1989  Nepal J. P. Rana
March 1989  Senegal A. C. Diallo
April 1989  Soviet Union Alexander Belonogov
May 1989  United Kingdom Crispin Tickell
June 1989  United States Thomas R. Pickering
July 1989  Yugoslavia Dragoslav Pejić
August 1989  Algeria Hocine Djoudi
September 1989  Brazil Paulo Nogueira Batista
October 1989  Canada L. Yves Fortier
November 1989  People's Republic of China Li Luye
December 1989  Colombia Enrique Peñalosa

1990–1994

[edit]

Presidents from 1990 to 1994:[44]

Dates State Name
January 1990  Côte d'Ivoire Amara Essy
February 1990  Cuba Ricardo Alarcón
March 1990 South Yemen People's Democratic Republic of Yemen Abdullah Saleh al-Ashtal
April 1990  Ethiopia Tesfaye Tadessa
May 1990  Finland Klaus Törnudd
June 1990  France Pierre-Louis Blanc
July 1990  Malaysia Razali Ismail
August 1990  Romania Aurel Dragoș Munteanu
September 1990  Soviet Union Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov and Eduard Shevardnadze
October 1990  United Kingdom David Hannay
November 1990  United States Thomas R. Pickering and James Baker
December 1990  Yemen Abdullah Saleh al-Ashtal
January 1991  Zaire Bagbeni Adeito Nzengeya
February 1991  Zimbabwe Simbarashe Mumbengegwi
March 1991  Austria Peter Hohenfellner
April 1991  Belgium Paul Noterdaeme
May 1991  People's Republic of China Li Daoyu
June 1991  Côte d'Ivoire Jean-Jacques Bechio
July 1991  Cuba Ricardo Alarcón
August 1991  Ecuador José Ayala Lasso
September 1991  France Jean-Bernard Mérimée and Roland Dumas
October 1991  India Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan
November 1991  Romania Aurel Dragoș Munteanu
1–25 December 1991  Soviet Union Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
26–31 December 1991  Russia
January 1992  United Kingdom David Hannay and John Major
February 1992  United States Thomas R. Pickering
March 1992  Venezuela Diego Arria
April 1992  Zimbabwe Simbarashe Mumbengegwi and Stanislaus Garikai Chigwedere
May 1992  Austria Peter Hohenfellner
June 1992  Belgium Paul Noterdaeme
July 1992  Cape Verde José Luís de Jesus
August 1992  People's Republic of China Li Daoyu
September 1992  Ecuador José Ayala Lasso
October 1992  France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
November 1992  Hungary Andre Erdos
December 1992  India Chinmaya Rajaninath Gharekhan
January 1993  Japan Yoshio Hatano
February 1993  Morocco Ahmed Snoussi
March 1993  New Zealand Terence Christopher O'Brien and Donald Charles McKinnon
April 1993  Pakistan Jamsheed Marker
May 1993  Russia Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
June 1993  Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo
July 1993  United Kingdom David Hannay and —— Richardson
August 1993  United States Madeleine Albright
September 1993  Venezuela Adolfo Taylhardat
October 1993  Brazil Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg
November 1993  Cape Verde
 People's Republic of China 		José Luís de Jesus
Li Zhaoxing
December 1993  People's Republic of China Li Zhaoxing
January 1994  Czech Republic Karel Kovanda
February 1994  Djibouti Roble Olhaye
March 1994  France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
April 1994  New Zealand Colin Keating and Donald Charles McKinnon
May 1994  Nigeria Ibrahim Gambari and Baba Gana Kingibe
June 1994  Oman Salim Bin Mohammed Al-Kussaiby
July 1994  Pakistan Jamsheed Marker
August 1994  Russia Yuli Mikhailovich Vorontsov
September 1994  Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo and Francisco Javier Solana de Madariaga
October 1994  United Kingdom David Hannay
November 1994  United States Madeleine Albright
December 1994  Rwanda Manzi Bakuramutsa

1995–1999

[edit]

Presidents from 1995 to 1999:[44]

Dates State Name
January 1995  Argentina Emilio Cárdenas
February 1995  Botswana Joseph Legwaila and Mompati Merafhe
March 1995  People's Republic of China Li Zhaoxing and Xuexian Wang
April 1995  Czech Republic Karel Kovanda and Alexandr Vondra
May 1995  France Jean-Bernard Mérimée
June 1995  Germany Detlev Graf zu Rantzau
July 1995  Honduras Gerardo Martínez Blanco and Delmer Urbizio Panting
August 1995  Indonesia Nugroho Wisnumurti
September 1995  Italy Francesco Paolo Fulci and Susanna Agnelli
October 1995  Nigeria Ibrahim Gambari
November 1995  Oman Salim bin Mohammed Al-Khussaiby
December 1995  Russia Sergey Lavrov
January 1996  United Kingdom John Weston
February 1996  United States Madeleine Albright
March 1996  Botswana Joseph Legwaila
April 1996  Chile Juan Somavía
May 1996  People's Republic of China Huasun Qin
June 1996  Egypt Nabil Elaraby
July 1996  France Alain Dejammet
August 1996  Germany Antonius Eitel
September 1996  Guinea-Bissau Alfredo Lopes Cabral
October 1996  Honduras Delmer Urbizio Panting and Gerardo Martínez Blanco
November 1996  Indonesia Nugroho Wisnumurti
December 1996  Italy Francesco Paolo Fulci
January 1997  Japan Hisashi Owada
February 1997  Kenya Njuguna M. Mahugu
March 1997  Poland Zbigniew M. Włosowicz
April 1997  Portugal António Monteiro
May 1997  South Korea Park Soo Gil and Chong Ha Yoo
June 1997  Russia Sergey Lavrov
July 1997  Sweden Peter Osvald and Lena Hjelm-Wallén
August 1997  United Kingdom John Weston
September 1997  United States William B. Richardson and Madeleine Albright
October 1997  Chile Juan Somavía
November 1997  People's Republic of China Huasun Qin
December 1997  Costa Rica Fernando Berrocal Soto
January 1998  France Alain Dejammet
February 1998  Gabon Casimir Oyé-Mba and Denis Dangue Réwaka
March 1998  Gambia Momodou Lamin Sedat Jobe and Abdoulie Momodou Sallah
April 1998  Japan Hisashi Owada
May 1998  Kenya Njuguna Mahugu and Bonaya Godana
June 1998  Portugal António Monteiro and Jaime Gama
July 1998  Russia Sergey Lavrov
August 1998  Slovenia Danilo Türk
September 1998  Sweden Lena Hjelm-Wallén and Hans Dalgren
October 1998  United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock
November 1998  United States Peter Burleigh
December 1998  Bahrain Jassim Mohammed Buallay
January 1999  Brazil Celso Amorim
February 1999  Canada Robert R. Fowler and Lloyd Axworthy
March 1999  People's Republic of China Qin Huasun
April 1999  France Alain Dejammet
May 1999  Gabon Denis Dangue Réwaka
June 1999  Gambia Baboucarr-Blaise Jagne
July 1999  Malaysia Syed Hamid Albar and Agam Hasmy
August 1999  Namibia Martin Andjaba and Theo-Ben Gurirab
September 1999  Netherlands Peter van Walsum and Jozias van Aartsen
October 1999  Russia Sergey Lavrov
November 1999  Slovenia Danilo Türk and Boris Frlec
December 1999  United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock and Peter Hain

2000–2004

[edit]

Presidents from 2000 to 2004:[20]

Dates State Name
January 2000  United States Al Gore, Richard Holbrooke, and Madeleine Albright
February 2000  Argentina Arnoldo Manuel Listre and Adalberto Rodríguez Giavarini
March 2000  Bangladesh Anwarul Karim Chowdhury and Abdus Samad Azad
April 2000  Canada Lloyd Axworthy and Robert Fowler
May 2000  People's Republic of China Wang Yingfan
June 2000  France Jean-David Levitte
July 2000  Jamaica Patricia Durrant and Paul Robertson
August 2000  Malaysia Agam Hasmy
September 2000  Mali Moctar Ouane and Alpha Oumar Konaré
October 2000  Namibia Martin Andjaba and Theo-Ben Gurirab
November 2000  Netherlands Peter van Walsum, Jozias van Aartsen, and Eveline Herfkens
December 2000  Russia Sergey Lavrov
January 2001  Singapore Kishore Mahbubani and S. Jayakumar
February 2001  Tunisia Said Ben Mustapha and Habib Ben Yahia
March 2001  Ukraine Valeriy P. Kuchinsky, Volodymyr Yelchenko, and Anatoliy Zlenko
April 2001  United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock
May 2001  United States James B. Cunningham
June 2001  Bangladesh Anwarul Karim Chowdhury and Abdus Samad Azad
July 2001  People's Republic of China Wang Yingfan
August 2001  Colombia Guillermo Fernández de Soto and Alfonso Valdivieso Sarmiento
September 2001  France Jean-David Levitte
October 2001  Ireland Richard Ryan and Brian Cowen
November 2001  Jamaica Patricia Durrant, P. J. Patterson, and Keith D. Knight
December 2001  Mali Moctar Ouane
January 2002  Mauritius Jagdish Koonjul and Anil Gayan
February 2002  Mexico Adolfo Aguilar Zínser
March 2002  Norway Ole Peter Kolby and Jan Petersen
April 2002  Russia Sergey Lavrov
May 2002  Singapore Kishore Mahbubani and S. Jayakumar
June 2002  Syria Mikhail Wehbe and Farouk al-Sharaa
July 2002  United Kingdom Jeremy Greenstock and Valerie Amos
August 2002  United States John Negroponte and James B. Cunningham
September 2002  Bulgaria Solomon Passy, Stefan Tafrov, Georgi Parvanov, and Rayko Strahilov Raytchev
October 2002  Cameroon Martin Belinga Eboutou
November 2002  People's Republic of China Zhang Yishan and Wang Yingfan
December 2002  Colombia Alfonso Valdivieso Sarmiento and Carolina Barco
January 2003  France Jean-Marc de La Sablière and Dominique de Villepin
February 2003  Germany Gunter Pleuger and Joschka Fischer
March 2003  Guinea François Lonseny Fall and Mamady Traore
April 2003  Mexico Adolfo Aguilar Zínser and Luis Ernesto Derbez
May 2003  Pakistan Munir Akram and Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
June 2003  Russia Sergey Lavrov
July 2003  Spain Inocencio Arias, Ana Menendez, and Ana Palacio
August 2003  Syria Mikhail Wehbe and Faisal Meqdad
September 2003  United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry and Jack Straw
October 2003  United States John Negroponte and James B. Cunningham
November 2003  Angola Gaspar Martins
December 2003  Bulgaria Stefan Tafrov and Solomon Passy
January 2004  Chile Heraldo Muñoz and Soledad Alvear
February 2004  People's Republic of China Wang Guangya
March 2004  France Jean-Marc de La Sablière and Pierre-André Wiltzer
April 2004  Germany Gunter Pleuger and Kerstin Müller
May 2004  Pakistan Munir Akram and Khurshid Mahmud Kasuri
June 2004  Philippines Lauro L. Baja Jr. and Delia Domingo-Albert
July 2004  Romania Mihnea Motoc, Adrian Năstase, and Mircea Geoană
August 2004  Russia Andrey Denisov
September 2004  Spain Juan Antonio Yáñez-Barnuevo and Miguel Ángel Moratinos
October 2004  United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry, Bill Rammell, and Adam Thomson
November 2004  United States John Danforth and Anne W. Patterson
December 2004  Algeria Abdallah Baali and Abdelaziz Belkhadem

2005–2009

[edit]
Dates State Name
January 2005  Argentina César Mayoral and Rafael Bielsa[20]
February 2005  Benin Joel W. Adechi and Rogatien Biaou[20]
March 2005  Brazil Ronaldo Mota Sardenberg[20]
April 2005  People's Republic of China Wang Guangya and Zhang Yishan[20]
May 2005  Denmark Ellen Margrethe Løj, Lars Faaborg-Andersen, and Per Stig Møller[20]
June 2005  France Jean-Marc de La Sablière, Michel Duclos, and Brigitte Collet[20]
July 2005  Greece Adamantios Vassilakis[45]
August 2005  Japan Kenzo Oshima[46]
September 2005  Philippines Lauro L. Baja Jr.[47] and Bayani Mercado[48]
October 2005  Romania Mihnea Motoc[49] and Mihai Răzvan Ungureanu[50]
November 2005  Russia Andrey Denisov[51]
December 2005  United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry[52]
January 2006  United Republic of Tanzania Augustine P. Mahiga[53]
February 2006  United States John R. Bolton[54]
March 2006  Argentina César Mayoral[55]
April 2006  People's Republic of China Wang Guangya[56]
May 2006  Republic of the Congo Basile Ikouébé[57] and Pascal Gayama[58]
June 2006  Denmark Ellen Margrethe Løj[59]
July 2006  France Jean-Marc de La Sablière[60]
August 2006  Ghana Nana Effah-Apenteng[61]
September 2006  Greece Adamantios Vassilakis[62]
October 2006  Japan Kenzo Oshima[63]
November 2006  Peru Jorge Voto-Bernales[64]
December 2006  Qatar Nassir Abdulaziz Al-Nasser[65] and Mutlaq Majed al-Qahtani[66]
January 2007  Russia Vitaly Churkin[67]
February 2007  Slovakia Peter Burian[68]
March 2007  South Africa Dumisani Kumalo[69]
April 2007  United Kingdom Emyr Jones Parry[70] and Karen Pierce[71]
May 2007  United States Zalmay Khalilzad[72] and Alejandro Daniel Wolff[73]
June 2007  Belgium Johan C. Verbeke[74]
July 2007  People's Republic of China Wang Guangya[75]
August 2007  Republic of the Congo Pascal Gayama[76]
September 2007  France Jean-Maurice Ripert[77] and Bernard Kouchner[78]
October 2007  Ghana Leslie K. Christian[79]
November 2007  Indonesia Marty Natalegawa[80]
December 2007  Italy Marcello Spatafora[81]
January 2008  Libya Giadalla Ettalhi[82]
February 2008  Panama Ricardo Alberto Arias[83]
March 2008  Russia Vitaly Churkin[84]
April 2008  South Africa Dumisani Kumalo[85]
May 2008  United Kingdom Karen Pierce[86]
June 2008  United States Zalmay Khalilzad[87] and Alejandro Daniel Wolff[88]
July 2008  Vietnam Lê Lương Minh[89]
August 2008  Belgium Jan Grauls[90]
September 2008  Burkina Faso Michel Kafando,[91] Blaise Compaoré[citation needed] and Alain Bédouma Yoda[92]
October 2008  People's Republic of China Zhang Yesui[93] and Liu Zhenmin[94]
November 2008  Costa Rica Jorge Urbina,[95] Óscar Arias Sánchez, Saúl Weisleder,[96] and Jorge Ballestero[97]
December 2008  Croatia Neven Jurica,[98] Stjepan Mesić,[99] and Ivo Sanader[100]
January 2009  France Jean-Maurice Ripert,[101] Bernard Kouchner,[102] and Jean-Pierre Lacroix[103]
February 2009  Japan Yukio Takasu[104]
March 2009  Libya Ibrahim Dabbashi[105] and Abdurrahman Mohamed Shalgham[106]
April 2009  Mexico Claude Heller[107] and Patricia Espinosa[108]
May 2009  Russia Vitaly Churkin[109] and Sergey Lavrov[110]
June 2009  Turkey Baki İlkin[111] and Ahmet Davutoğlu[112]
July 2009  Uganda Ruhakana Rugunda[113] and Sam Kutesa[114]
August 2009  United Kingdom John Sawers[115]
September 2009  United States Susan Rice,[116] Barack Obama,[117] Rosemary DiCarlo,[118] and Hillary Clinton[119]
October 2009  Vietnam Lê Lương Minh[120]
November 2009  Austria Thomas Mayr-Harting[121]
December 2009  Burkina Faso Michel Kafando[122]

2010–2014

[edit]
Dates State Name
January 2010  People's Republic of China Zhang Yesui[123]
February 2010  France Gérard Araud[124]
March 2010  Gabon Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet[125]
April 2010  Japan Yukio Takasu[126]
May 2010  Lebanon Nawaf Salam[127]
June 2010  Mexico Claude Heller[128]
July 2010  Nigeria Joy Ogwu[129]
August 2010  Russia Vitaly Churkin[130]
September 2010  Turkey Ertuğrul Apakan,[131] Abdullah Gül,[132] and Ahmet Davutoğlu[133]
October 2010  Uganda Ruhakana Rugunda[134]
November 2010  United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[135]
December 2010  United States Susan Rice[136] and Brooke D. Anderson[137]
January 2011  Bosnia and Herzegovina Ivan Barbalić[138]
February 2011  Brazil Maria Luiza Ribeiro Viotti[139]
March 2011  People's Republic of China Li Baodong[140]
April 2011  Colombia Juan Manuel Santos[141] and Néstor Osorio Londoño[142]
May 2011  France Gérard Araud[143]
June 2011  Gabon Ali Bongo Ondimba,[144] Alfred Moungara Moussotsi,[145] and Emmanuel Issoze-Ngondet[citation needed]
July 2011  Germany Peter Wittig[146] and Guido Westerwelle[147]
August 2011  India Hardeep Singh Puri[148]
September 2011  Lebanon Nawaf Salam,[149] Michel Suleiman,[150] and Najib Mikati[citation needed]
October 2011  Nigeria Joy Ogwu[151]
November 2011  Portugal José Filipe Moraes Cabral[152]
December 2011  Russia Vitaly Churkin[153]
January 2012  South Africa Baso Sangqu[154]
February 2012  Togo Kodjo Menan[155]
March 2012  United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[156]
April 2012  United States Susan Rice[157]
May 2012  Azerbaijan Agshin Mehdiyev[158] and Ilham Aliyev[159]
June 2012  People's Republic of China Li Baodong[160] and Wang Min[161]
July 2012  Colombia Néstor Osorio Londoño[162]
August 2012  France Gérard Araud[163]
September 2012  Germany Peter Wittig[164]
October 2012  Guatemala Gert Rosenthal[165] and Harold Caballeros[166]
November 2012  India Hardeep Singh Puri[167]
December 2012  Morocco Mohammed Loulichki[168] and Saad-Eddine El Othmani[169]
January 2013  Pakistan Masood Khan[170] and Hina Rabbani Khar[171]
February 2013  Republic of Korea Kim Sook[172] and Kim Sung-hwan[173]
March 2013  Russia Vitaly Churkin[174]
April 2013  Rwanda Eugène-Richard Gasana[175] and Louise Mushikiwabo[176]
May 2013  Togo Kodjo Menan[177]
June 2013  United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[178]
July 2013  United States Rosemary DiCarlo[179]
August 2013  Argentina María Perceval[180] and Agustín Rossi[181]
September 2013  Australia Gary Quinlan[182] and Julie Bishop[183]
October 2013  Azerbaijan Agshin Mehdiyev[184] and Elmar Mammadyarov[185]
November 2013  People's Republic of China Liu Jieyi[186]
December 2013  France Gérard Araud[187] and Alexis Lamek[188]
January 2014  Jordan Zeid Ra'ad Zeid Al-Hussein[189]
February 2014  Lithuania Raimonda Murmokaitė[190] and Linas Antanas Linkevičius[191]
March 2014  Luxembourg Sylvie Lucas[192]
April 2014  Nigeria Joy Ogwu[193]
May 2014  South Korea Oh Joon[194]
June 2014  Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[195]
July 2014  Rwanda Eugène-Richard Gasana[196]
August 2014  United Kingdom Mark Lyall Grant[197]
September 2014  United States Samantha Power[198]
October 2014  Argentina María Cristina Perceval[199]
November 2014  Australia Gary Quinlan[200]
December 2014  Chad Mahamat Zene Cherif[201]

2015–2019

[edit]
Dates State Name
January 2015  Chile Cristian Barros[202]
February 2015  China Liu Jieyi[203]
March 2015  France François Delattre[204]
April 2015  Jordan Dina Kawar[205]
May 2015  Lithuania Raimonda Murmokaitė[206]
June 2015  Malaysia Ramlan Bin Ibrahim[207]
July 2015  New Zealand Gerard van Bohemen[208]
August 2015  Nigeria Joy Ogwu[209]
September 2015  Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[210]
October 2015  Spain Román Oyarzun Marchesi[211]
November 2015  United Kingdom Matthew Rycroft[212]
December 2015  United States Samantha Power[213]
January 2016  Uruguay Elbio Rosselli[214]
February 2016  Venezuela Rafael Ramírez Carreño[215]
March 2016  Angola Gaspar Martins[216]
April 2016  China Liu Jieyi[217]
May 2016  Egypt Amr Abdellatif Aboulatta[218]
June 2016  France François Delattre[219]
July 2016  Japan Koro Bessho[220]
August 2016  Malaysia Ramlan Bin Ibrahim[221] and Ahmad Zahid Hamidi[222]
September 2016  New Zealand Gerard van Bohemen[223] and John Key[224]
October 2016  Russian Federation Vitaly Churkin[225]
November 2016  Senegal Fodé Seck[226]
December 2016  Spain Román Oyarzun Marchesi[227]
January 2017  Sweden Olof Skoog[228]
February 2017  Ukraine Volodymyr Yelchenko[229]
March 2017  United Kingdom Matthew Rycroft[230][non-primary source needed]
April 2017  United States Nikki Haley
May 2017  Uruguay Elbio Rosselli
June 2017  Bolivia Sacha Llorenty[231]
July 2017  China Liu Jieyi
August 2017  Egypt Amr Abdellatif Aboulatta[232]
September 2017  Ethiopia Tekeda Alemu[233]
October 2017  France François Delattre[234]
November 2017  Italy Sebastiano Cardi[235]
December 2017  Japan Koro Bessho[236]
January 2018  Kazakhstan Kairat Umarov[237]
February 2018  Kuwait Mansour Ayyad Al-Otaibi[238]
March 2018  Netherlands Karel van Oosterom,[239] Sigrid Kaag, Stef Blok and Mark Rutte
April 2018  Peru Gustavo Meza-Cuadra[240]
May 2018  Poland Joanna Wronecka, Andrzej Duda and Jacek Czaputowicz[241]
June 2018  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[242]
July 2018  Sweden Olof Skoog[243]
August 2018  United Kingdom Karen Pierce[244]
September 2018  United States Nikki Haley,[245] Donald Trump, Mike Pompeo
October 2018  Bolivia Sacha Llorenty[246]
November 2018  China Ma Zhaoxu[246]
December 2018  Côte D'Ivoire Kacou Houadja Léon Adom,[247] Alassane Ouattara[248]
January 2019  Dominican Republic José Singer W.,[249] Danilo Medina[249]
February 2019  Equatorial Guinea Anatolio Ndong Mba,[250] Teodoro Obiang Nguema Mbasogo[251]
March 2019  France François Delattre[252]
April 2019  Germany Christoph Heusgen[253]
May 2019  Indonesia Dian Triansyah Djani,[254] Retno Marsudi[255]
June 2019  Kuwait Mansour Al-Otaibi, Sabah Al-Khalid Al-Sabah[256]
July 2019  Peru Gustavo Meza-Cuadra, Néstor Bardales[257]
August 2019  Poland Joanna Wronecka
September 2019  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[258]
October 2019  South Africa Jerry Matthews Matjila
November 2019  United Kingdom Karen Pierce
December 2019  United States Kelly Craft[259]

2020–2024

[edit]
Dates State Name
January 2020  Vietnam Đặng Đình Quý[260] and Phạm Bình Minh[261]
February 2020  Belgium Marc Pecsteen de Buytswerve[262]
March 2020  China Zhang Jun[263]
April 2020  Dominican Republic José Singer Weisinger[264]
May 2020  Estonia Sven Jürgenson[265]
June 2020  France Nicolas de Rivière[266]
July 2020  Germany Christoph Heusgen[267]
August 2020  Indonesia Dian Triansyah Djani[268]
September 2020  Niger Abdou Abarry[269]
October 2020  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[270]
November 2020  Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Inga Rhonda King[271]
December 2020  South Africa Jerry Matthews Matjila[272]
January 2021  Tunisia Tarek Ladeb[273]
February 2021  United Kingdom Barbara Woodward[274]
March 2021  United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield[275]
April 2021  Vietnam Đặng Đình Quý, Nguyễn Xuân Phúc and Bùi Thanh Sơn[276]
May 2021  China Zhang Jun
June 2021  Estonia Sven Jürgenson
July 2021  France Nicolas de Rivière and Jean-Yves Le Drian
August 2021  India T. S. Tirumurti and S. Jaishankar
September 2021  Ireland Geraldine Byrne Nason, Micheál Martin and Simon Coveney
October 2021  Kenya Martin Kimani and Raychelle Omamo
November 2021  Mexico Juan Ramón de la Fuente Ramírez, Marcelo Ebrard and Andrés Manuel López Obrador
December 2021  Niger Abdou Abarry
January 2022  Norway Mona Juul and Anniken Huitfeldt
February 2022  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya
March 2022  United Arab Emirates Lana Zaki Nusseibeh
April 2022  United Kingdom Barbara Woodward
May 2022  United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield
June 2022  Albania Ferit Hoxha, Olta Xhaçka and Edi Rama
July 2022  Brazil Ronaldo Costa Filho
August 2022  China Zhang Jun
September 2022  France Nicolas de Rivière and Catherine Colonna
October 2022  Gabon Michel Xavier Biang and Michael Moussa-Adamo
November 2022  Ghana Harold Adlai Agyeman
December 2022  India Ruchira Kamboj
January 2023  Japan Ishikane Kimihiro
February 2023  Malta Vanessa Frazier
March 2023  Mozambique Pedro Comissário Afonso
April 2023  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya
May 2023  Switzerland Pascale Baeriswyl
June 2023  United Arab Emirates Lana Zaki Nusseibeh
July 2023  United Kingdom Barbara Woodward
August 2023  United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield
September 2023  Albania Ferit Hoxha, Edi Rama
October 2023  Brazil Sérgio França Danese
November 2023  China Zhang Jun
December 2023  Ecuador José de la Gasca[277]
January 2024  France Nicolas de Rivière[278]
February 2024  Guyana Carolyn Rodrigues-Birkett[279]
March 2024  Japan Yamazaki Kazuyuki[280]
April 2024  Malta Vanessa Frazier[281]
May 2024  Mozambique Pedro Comissário Afonso[282]
June 2024  South Korea Hwang Joon-kook[283]
July 2024  Russian Federation Vasily Nebenzya[284]
August 2024  Sierra Leone Michael Imran Kanu[285]
September 2024  Slovenia Samuel Žbogar[286]
October 2024  Switzerland Pascale Baeriswyl[287]
November 2024  United Kingdom Barbara Woodward[288]
December 2024  United States Linda Thomas-Greenfield

2025–2029

[edit]
Dates State Name
January 2025  Algeria Mohamed Ennadir Larbaoul
February 2025  China Fu Cong
March 2025  Denmark Christina Markus Lassen
April 2025  France Nicolas de Rivière
May 2025  Greece Evangelos C. Sekeris
June 2025  Guyana Carolyn Rodrigues-Birkett
July 2025  Pakistan
August 2025  Panama
September 2025  South Korea
October 2025  Russian Federation
November 2025  Sierra Leone
December 2025  Slovenia
January 2026  Somalia
February 2026  United Kingdom
March 2026  United States

Unusual circumstances

[edit]

In 1961, the United Arab Republic (then a union of Egypt and Syria) was elected to the Security Council. Syria seceded from the union while it was still on the Security Council, but Egypt's official UN name remained the United Arab Republic and it was unaffected.

In August 1984, Upper Volta changed its name to Burkina Faso while president of the Security Council. The rest of its term was unaffected and rotated normally to Zimbabwe in September 1984. Afterward, Burkina Faso was first in English alphabetical order and it became president of the Security Council for a second time that year in October 1984.

In March 1990, South Yemen (officially the People's Democratic Republic of Yemen under D) served as president of the Security Council. Yemeni unification with North Yemen took place in May 1990, with both Yemens being treated as successor states under the name Yemen. After the term of the United States rotated out in November 1990, Yemen served as president of the Security Council for a second time that year in December 1990.

In December 1991, the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics officially changed its name to the Russian Federation while president of the Security Council. By coincidence, the alphabetical order was unaffected, the surrounding members being Romania and the United Kingdom.

Rwanda was elected to the Security Council in 1994 and was due to serve its term as president in September 1994; however, its government was overthrown in July 1994 and the replacement government did not appoint a United Nations representative in August 1994. As a result, its term was temporarily skipped and Spain (which was due to serve in October) served in September instead. Rwanda would serve its term at the end of that alphabetical rotation.[289]

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]

References

[edit]
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  2. ^ Pogany 1982, p. 231.
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  5. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter IV, Rule 19 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  6. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 120.
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  10. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, pp. 119, 124.
  11. ^ a b c Pogany 1982, p. 233.
  12. ^ a b c Pogany 1982, p. 232.
  13. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, pp. 111.
  14. ^ a b Pogany 1982, p. 234.
  15. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 119.
  16. ^ a b c d Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 112.
  17. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 114.
  18. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 11.
  19. ^ Nicol 1981, pp. 32, 34.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Presidents of the Security Council : 2000–, United Nations. Archived 1 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine
  21. ^ Crossette, Barbara (11 January 2000). "Gore Presides Over Rare Security Council Debate on AIDS". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 25 April 2020.
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  23. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter III, rule 13 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  24. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 6.
  25. ^ United Nations Charter, ch. V Archived 1 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, s. 30.
  26. ^ a b Nicol 1981, pp. 6–7.
  27. ^ Provisional Rules of Procedure of the United Nations Security Council, Chapter IV, rule 18 Archived 30 June 2017 at the Wayback Machine
  28. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 113.
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  30. ^ Bailey 1981, pp. 38–39, 41.
  31. ^ a b Pogany 1982, pp. 237–243.
  32. ^ a b Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 121-122.
  33. ^ Bailey 1981, p. 39.
  34. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 115-116.
  35. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 13.
  36. ^ Sievers & Daws 2015, p. 124-125.
  37. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 7.
  38. ^ Nicol 1981, p. 28.
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Bibliography

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