Potomida littoralis

Potomida littoralis
Dried shell (syntype at MNHN, Paris)
Conservation status
Endangered  (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Mollusca
Class:	Bivalvia
Order:	Unionida
Superfamily:	Unionoidea
Family:	Unionidae
Genus:	Potomida
Species:	P. littoralis
Binomial name
Potomida littoralis (Cuvier, 1798)
Synonyms
Mysca (Potomida) corrugata Swainson, 1840 (junior synonym) Potomida (Potomida) litoralis [sic] Potomida littoralis fellmanni (Deshayes, 1848) Potomida littoralis umbonata (Rossmässler, 1844) Rhombunio asananus Pallary, 1928 (junior synonym) Unio calderoni Kobelt, 1888 (junior synonym) Unio fellmanni Deshayes, 1848 Unio hispalensis Kobelt, 1888 (junior synonym) Unio incurvus I. Lea, 1831 Unio ksibianus Mousson, 1873 (junior synonym) Unio littoralis Cuvier, 1798 (original combination) Unio littoralis var. bucheti Pallary, 1899 (original combination) † Unio littoralis var. pequignoti Pallary, 1901 Unio littoralis var. umbonatus Rossmässler, 1844 Unio marteli Pallary, 1918 (original combination) Unio subtetragonus Michaud, 1831 (a junior synonym) Unio unduliferus Küster, 1861 (junior synonym)

Potomida littoralis is a species of bivalve belonging to the family Unionidae.

Distribution

The species is found in Europe, Mediterranean and Southern Asia. It occurs in Africa between Tunisia and Morocco. It is not recorded between Italy and Albania.

Reproduction

In the Iberian Peninsula, gravid females are observed from March through October, with hatching occurring in September.

Conservation

According to the International Union for Conservation of Nature, this species is endangered and in decline. Water extraction is harming populations in Portugal, Syria, Lebanon and Israel. Canalization of river channels, water pollution and dam construction are also threats. The distribution of P. littoralis in the Iberian peninsula and in France is highly fragmented.

References

• Locard, A., 1889. - Contributions à la faune malacologique française: catalogue des espèces françaises appartenant aux genres Margaritana et Unio connues jusqu'à ce jour. Annales de la Société linnéenne de Lyon 35"1888": 111-169
• Pallary, P. (1918). Diagnoses d'une cinquantaine de mollusques terrestres nouveaux du Nord de l'Afrique. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 9 (7): 137-152. Alger
• Pallary, P. (1928). Notice sur seize mollusques nouveaux du Maroc découverts en 1926-1927. Journal de Conchyliologie, 72 (1): 1-24, pl. 1-4. Paris.
• Graf, D., 2011. - Types of French freshwater mussels (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Unionoidea) in Arnould Locard Collection at the Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle, Paris. Zoosystema 33(4): 451-514

External links

• Cuvier G.L. (1798). Tableau élementaire de l'Histoire Naturelle des Animaux. Paris, Baudouin. xvi + 710 pp
• Deshayes, G. P. (1845-1848). Exploration scientifique de l'Algérie. Histoire naturelle des Mollusques. Tome premier. Mollusques Acéphalés. Paris, Imprimerie Royale xx + 609 pp
• Swainson, W. (1840). A treatise on malacology or shells and shell-fish. London, Longman. viii + 419 pp.
• Lea, I. (1831). Observations on the naïades, and descriptions of new species of that and other families. Transactions of the American Philosophical Society. (NS) 4: 63-121, plates 3-18.
• Pallary, P. (1901). Sur les mollusques fossiles terrestres, fluviatiles et saumâtres de l'Algérie. Mémoires de la Société Géologique de France.
• Pallary, P. (1899). Deuxième contribution à l'étude de la faune malacologique du Nord-Ouest de l'Afrique. Supplement à "La faune malacologique du Maroc" de A. Morelet. Journal de Conchyliologie. 46 (2): 49-170, pls 5-9. Paris
• Mousson, A. (1873). Diagnosen neuer Mollusken aus West-Marokko, von Dr. von Fritsch und Dr. Rein gesammelt. Malakozoologische Blätter. 21: 149-157. Cassel.
• Michaud, A.-L.-G. (1831). Complément de l'Histoire des mollusques terrestres et fluviatiles de la France, de J.P.R. Draparnaud. i-xvi, 1-116, Errata (1 p.), 1-12, pls 14-16
• Küster, H. C. (1839-1862). Die Flussperlmuscheln (Unio et Hyria). In Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen. In: Systematisches Conchylien-Cabinet von Martini und Chemnitz, Bd 9(2): 1-318, pls 1-100, 18*. Published in parts
• Froufe, E.; Prié, V.; Faria, J.; Ghamizi, M.; Gonçalves, D. V.; Gürlek, M. E.; Karaouzas, I.; Kebapçi, Ü.; Şereflişan, H.; Sobral, C.; Sousa, R.; Teixeira, A.; Varandas, S.; Zogaris, S.; Lopes-Lima, M. (2016). Phylogeny, phylogeography, and evolution in the Mediterranean region: News from a freshwater mussel (Potomida, Unionida). Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 100: 322-332
• Graf, D.; Cummings, K. (2019). Musselp database: The Freshwater Mussels (Unionoida) of the World (and other less consequential bivalves)
• Graf, D. L.; Cummings, K. S. (2011). Freshwater mussel (Mollusca: Bivalvia: Unionoida) richness and endemism in the ecoregions of Africa and Madagascar based on comprehensive museum sampling. Hydrobiologia. 678(1): 17-36