Portal:History of science/Selected anniversaries/January 1
- 1748 - Death of Johann Bernoulli, Swiss mathematician (b. 1667)
- 1774 - Birth of André Marie Constant Duméril, French zoologist (d. 1860)
- 1796 - Death of Alexandre-Théophile Vandermonde, French mathematician (b. 1735)
- 1800 - Death of Louis-Jean-Marie Daubenton, French naturalist (b. 1716)
- 1801 - The dwarf planet Ceres is discovered by Giuseppe Piazzi
- 1803 - Birth of Guglielmo Libri Carucci dalla Sommaja, Italian mathematician (d. 1869)
- 1817 - Death of Martin Heinrich Klaproth, German chemist (b. 1743)
- 1852 - Birth of Eugène-Anatole Demarçay, French chemist (d. 1904)
- 1853 - Death of Gregory Blaxland, Australian explorer (b. 1778)
- 1854 - Birth of Sir James George Frazer, Scottish anthropologist (d. 1941)
- 1862 - Death of Mikhail Vasilievich Ostrogradsky, Russian physicist (b. 1801)
- 1876 - Birth of Harriet Brooks, Canadian physicist (d. 1933)
- 1878 - Birth of Agner Krarup Erlang, Danish scientist and engineer (d. 1929)
- 1890 - Birth of Anton Melik, Slovenian geographer (d. 1966)
- 1894 - Birth of Satyendra Nath Bose, Indian mathematician (d. 1974)
- 1894 - Death of Heinrich Rudolf Hertz, German physicist (b. 1857)
- 1905 - Birth of Stanisław Mazur, Polish mathematician (d. 1981)
- 1912 - Birth of Boris Vladimirovich Gnedenko, Russian mathematician (d. 1995)
- 1917 - Birth of Jule Gregory Charney, American meteorologist (d. 1981)
- 1925 - The American astronomer Edwin Hubble announces the discovery of galaxies outside the Milky Way
- 1931 - Death of Martinus Beijerinck, Dutch microbiologist and botanist (b. 1851)
- 1943 - Birth of Raghunath Anant Mashelkar, Indian scientist
- 1995 - Death of Eugene Wigner, Hungarian physicist, Nobel laureate (b. 1902)
- 2007 - Death of Leon Davidson, American scientist known for studying UFOs (b. 1922)
- 2007 - Death of Roland Levinsky, South African medical scientist (b. 1943)