Pontorson
Pontorson | |
|---|---|
 The Mont Saint-Michel seen from the town's outskirts | |
.svg) Coat of arms | |
Location of Pontorson  | |
  Pontorson  Pontorson | |
| Coordinates: 48°33′12″N 1°30′24″W / 48.55340°N 01.50680°W | |
| Country | France |
| Region | Normandy |
| Department | Manche |
| Arrondissement | Avranches |
| Canton | Pontorson |
| Intercommunality | CA Mont-Saint-Michel-Normandie |
| Government | |
| • Mayor (2020–2026) | André-Jean Belloir[1] |
| Area 1 | 61.47 km2 (23.73 sq mi) |
| Population (2021)[2] | 4,334 |
| • Density | 71/km2 (180/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+01:00 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+02:00 (CEST) |
| INSEE/Postal code | 50410 /50170 |
| Elevation | 5–73 m (16–240 ft) (avg. 18 m or 59 ft) |
| 1 French Land Register data, which excludes lakes, ponds, glaciers > 1 km2 (0.386 sq mi or 247 acres) and river estuaries. | |
Pontorson (French pronunciation: [pɔ̃tɔʁsɔ̃]) is a commune in the Manche department in north-western France.
Geography
[edit]Pontorson is situated about 10 kilometres from the Mont Saint-Michel, to which it is connected by highway and a walking path along the river Couesnon. The river also gives its name to the town's main street.
Climate
[edit]Pontorson has an oceanic climate (Köppen climate classification Cfb). The average annual temperature in Pontorson is 11.8 °C (53.2 °F). The average annual rainfall is 838.6 mm (33.02 in) with October as the wettest month. The temperatures are highest on average in August, at around 18.1 °C (64.6 °F), and lowest in January, at around 5.9 °C (42.6 °F). The highest temperature ever recorded in Pontorson was 39.0 °C (102.2 °F) on 5 August 2003; the coldest temperature ever recorded was −8.0 °C (17.6 °F) on 11 February 2012.
| Climate data for Pontorson (1981–2010 averages, extremes 1997−present) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.4 (59.7) |
21.2 (70.2) |
24.2 (75.6) |
28.0 (82.4) |
29.7 (85.5) |
35.6 (96.1) |
38.7 (101.7) |
39.0 (102.2) |
33.4 (92.1) |
28.9 (84.0) |
21.6 (70.9) |
16.8 (62.2) |
39.0 (102.2) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8.6 (47.5) |
9.7 (49.5) |
12.4 (54.3) |
15.0 (59.0) |
18.4 (65.1) |
21.4 (70.5) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.9 (73.2) |
21.1 (70.0) |
16.8 (62.2) |
12.0 (53.6) |
8.7 (47.7) |
15.8 (60.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5.9 (42.6) |
6.4 (43.5) |
8.3 (46.9) |
10.3 (50.5) |
13.7 (56.7) |
16.5 (61.7) |
18.0 (64.4) |
18.1 (64.6) |
16.0 (60.8) |
13.0 (55.4) |
8.9 (48.0) |
5.8 (42.4) |
11.8 (53.2) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3.1 (37.6) |
3.1 (37.6) |
4.3 (39.7) |
5.6 (42.1) |
9.0 (48.2) |
11.6 (52.9) |
13.2 (55.8) |
13.3 (55.9) |
11.0 (51.8) |
9.2 (48.6) |
5.9 (42.6) |
2.9 (37.2) |
7.7 (45.9) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −7.8 (18.0) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
−5.6 (21.9) |
−2.9 (26.8) |
−1.2 (29.8) |
3.6 (38.5) |
5.2 (41.4) |
4.7 (40.5) |
1.3 (34.3) |
−5.0 (23.0) |
−6.2 (20.8) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−8.0 (17.6) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 141.4 (5.57) |
98.4 (3.87) |
94.2 (3.71) |
73.7 (2.90) |
66.1 (2.60) |
63.4 (2.50) |
63.0 (2.48) |
69.7 (2.74) |
91.1 (3.59) |
142.0 (5.59) |
147.6 (5.81) |
157.3 (6.19) |
1,207.9 (47.56) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 1.0 mm) | 16.4 | 12.7 | 12.6 | 10.8 | 9.5 | 8.1 | 8.9 | 8.9 | 10.7 | 14.9 | 16.6 | 16.2 | 137.5 |
| Source: Meteociel[3] | |||||||||||||
History
[edit]The town was founded in the 12th century after a vow by William the Conqueror. It was home to a fortress, which was razed to the ground in 1623 by order of King Louis XIII of France.
During World War II, after the liberation of the area by Allied Forces in 1944, engineers of the Ninth Air Force IX Engineering Command began construction of a combat Advanced Landing Ground outside of the town. Declared operational on 10 August, the airfield was designated as "A-28", it was used by the 368th Fighter Group which flew P-47 Thunderbolts until early September when the unit moved into Central France. Afterward, the airfield was closed.[4][5]
Frantz Fanon practiced psychiatry in Pontorson in the early 1950s.
In 1973 Pontorson absorbed seven former communes: Ardevon, Beauvoir (re-established in 1989), Boucey, Cormeray, Curey, Les Pas and Moidrey.[6] On 1 January 2016, the former communes of Macey and Vessey were merged into Pontorson.[7] In 1990, Pontorson twinned with the town of Highworth in England.
Population
[edit]| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1968 | 5,749 | — |
| 1975 | 5,696 | −0.13% |
| 1982 | 5,534 | −0.41% |
| 1990 | 4,893 | −1.53% |
| 1999 | 4,602 | −0.68% |
| 2007 | 4,608 | +0.02% |
| 2012 | 4,584 | −0.10% |
| 2017 | 4,342 | −1.08% |
| Source: INSEE[8] | ||
Main sights
[edit].jpg)
- Notre-Dame church, built between 1050 and 1150, with additions in the 15th century. It is in Romanesque-transition Gothic style; it has a massive appearance with a central portal, flanked by two towers.[9][10]
- Old Protestant Temple (16th century)
- Guischard de la Ménardière house (also known as "Roman House", 11th-12th centuries)
- Residence of the counts of Montgomery
Transportation
[edit]Pontorson is home to the nearest SNCF railway station to France's second most popular tourist attraction, Mont Saint-Michel.
Despite the town's role as a tourist gateway, train services are relatively rare, about three or four per day.
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ "Répertoire national des élus: les maires" (in French). data.gouv.fr, Plateforme ouverte des données publiques françaises. 13 September 2022.
- ^ "Populations légales 2021" (in French). The National Institute of Statistics and Economic Studies. 28 December 2023.
- ^ "Normales et records pour Pontorson (50)". Meteociel. Retrieved 7 June 2022.
- ^ Johnson, David C. (1988), U.S. Army Air Forces Continental Airfields (ETO), D-Day to V-E Day; Research Division, USAF Historical Research Center, Maxwell AFB, Alabama.
- ^ Maurer, Maurer. Air Force Combat Units of World War II. Maxwell AFB, Alabama: Office of Air Force History, 1983. ISBN 0-89201-092-4.
- ^ Modifications aux circonscriptions administratives territoriales (fusion de communes), Journal officiel de la République française n° 0024, 28 January 1973, pp. 1114-1117.
- ^ Arrêté préfectoral 23 October 2015 (in French)
- ^ Population en historique depuis 1968, INSEE
- ^ L'Église Notre-Dame-de-la-Paix, Mairie de Pontorson. Retrieved 14 November 2022.
- ^ "Pontorson : Church of Notre-Dame". Archived from the original on 18 February 2012.
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