Polyprenyl synthetase
| polyprenyl_synt | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 active conformation of farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase bound to isopentyl pyrophosphate and dimethylallyl s-thiolodiphosphate | |||||||||
| Identifiers | |||||||||
| Symbol | polyprenyl_synt | ||||||||
| Pfam | PF00348 | ||||||||
| InterPro | IPR000092 | ||||||||
| PROSITE | PDOC00407 | ||||||||
| SCOP2 | 1fps / SCOPe / SUPFAM | ||||||||
| OPM superfamily | 37 | ||||||||
| OPM protein | 1rqj | ||||||||
| |||||||||
Polyprenyl synthetases are a class of enzymes responsible for synthesis of isoprenoids. Isoprenoid compounds are synthesized by various organisms. For example, in eukaryotes the isoprenoid biosynthetic pathway is responsible for the synthesis of a variety of end products including cholesterol, dolichol, ubiquinone or coenzyme Q. In bacteria this pathway leads to the synthesis of isopentenyl tRNA, isoprenoid quinones, and sugar carrier lipids. Among the enzymes that participate in that pathway, are a number of polyprenyl synthetase enzymes which catalyze a 1'4-condensation between 5-carbon isoprene units. It has been shown[1][2][3][4][5] that all the above enzymes share some regions of sequence similarity. Two of these regions are rich in aspartic-acid residues and could be involved in the catalytic mechanism and/or the binding of the substrates.
References
[edit]- ^ Ashby MN, Edwards PA (August 1990). "Elucidation of the deficiency in two yeast coenzyme Q mutants. Characterization of the structural gene encoding hexaprenyl pyrophosphate synthetase". J. Biol. Chem. 265 (22): 13157–64. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)38280-8. PMID 2198286.
- ^ Fujisaki S, Hara H, Nishimura Y, Horiuchi K, Nishino T (December 1990). "Cloning and nucleotide sequence of the ispA gene responsible for farnesyl diphosphate synthase activity in Escherichia coli". J. Biochem. 108 (6): 995–1000. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jbchem.a123327. PMID 2089044.
- ^ Carattoli A, Romano N, Ballario P, Morelli G, Macino G (March 1991). "The Neurospora crassa carotenoid biosynthetic gene (albino 3) reveals highly conserved regions among prenyltransferases". J. Biol. Chem. 266 (9): 5854–9. doi:10.1016/S0021-9258(19)67676-3. PMID 1826006.
- ^ Kuntz M; Römer S; Suire C; Hugueney P; Weil JH; Schantz R; Camara B (January 1992). "Identification of a cDNA for the plastid-located geranylgeranyl pyrophosphate synthase from Capsicum annuum: correlative increase in enzyme activity and transcript level during fruit ripening". Plant J. 2 (1): 25–34. doi:10.1046/j.1365-313x.1992.t01-47-00999.x. PMID 1303794.
- ^ Math SK, Hearst JE, Poulter CD (August 1992). "The crtE gene in Erwinia herbicola encodes geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 89 (15): 6761–4. Bibcode:1992PNAS...89.6761M. doi:10.1073/pnas.89.15.6761. PMC 49583. PMID 1495965.
