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Politics of Beijing

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

The politics of Beijing are structured as a dual party-government system like all other governing institutions in the mainland of the People's Republic of China.

The Mayor of Beijing is the highest-ranking official in the People's Government of Beijing. Since Beijing is a centrally administered municipality with the rank of a province, the mayor occupies the same level in the order of precedence as provincial governors. However, in the city's dual party-government governing system, the mayor is subordinate to the Beijing Municipal Committee Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP).

The office of Beijing Party Secretary (Chinese: 北京市委书记) has always historically been a high-profile post. Since the founding of the People's Republic, the Party Secretary of Beijing has almost always held a seat on the Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party, the country's top ruling organ. Because of Beijing's position as the national capital, the Secretary is also involved in major decision making of national events. Peng Zhen, the first Beijing party secretary, was an important political figure nationally, and was purged by Mao in the opening act of the Cultural Revolution. Xie Fuzhi, whose term lasted from 1967 to 1972, was concurrently China's top security official, and held significant influence nationally. Chen Xitong's (term 1992-95) political influence was considered a threat to the Shanghai clique that he was removed from the position and tried on corruption charges. When the People's Republic celebrated its 50th anniversary in 1999, it was Beijing Party Secretary Jia Qinglin (term 1997-2002) who presided over the festivities. Liu Qi (term 2002–2012) was the chair of the Beijing Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games, and spoke at both the opening and closing ceremonies of the games. Liu Qi also presided the celebration of 60th anniversary of the People's Republic of China in 2009.

List of CCP secretaries

[edit]
Main article: Beijing Municipal Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
No. Image Name Term start Term end Notes
1 Peng Zhen (彭真)
(1902–1997) 		13 December 1948 May 1966 Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated
2 Li Xuefeng (李雪峰)
(1907–2003) 		May 1966 April 1967 Purged during Cultural Revolution, later rehabilitated
3 Xie Fuzhi (谢富治)
(1909–1972) 		1971 26 March 1972 Minister of Public Security during Cultural Revolution
4 Wu De (吴德)
(1913–1995) 		1972 1978
5 Lin Hujia (林乎加)
(1916–2018) 		1978 1981
6 Duan Junyi (段君毅)
(1910–2004) 		January 1981 May 1984
7 Li Ximing (李锡铭)
(1926–2008) 		1984 October 1992 Party chief during 1989 Tiananmen Square protests and massacre
8 Chen Xitong (陈希同)
(1930–2013) 		October 1992 September 1995 Sacked, found guilty of corruption, jailed
9 Wei Jianxing (尉健行)
(1931–2015) 		1995 August 1997 Politburo Standing Committee (1997–2002)
10 Jia Qinglin (贾庆林)
(born 1940) 		August 1997 October 2002 Politburo Standing Committee (2002–2012)
11 Liu Qi (刘淇)
(born 1942) 		October 2002 July 2012 Party chief during 2008 Beijing Olympics
12 Guo Jinlong (郭金龙)
(born 1947) 		July 2012 May 2017
13 Cai Qi (蔡奇)
(born 1955) 		May 2017 November 2022 Politburo Standing Committee (2022– )
14 Yin Li (尹力)
(born 1962) 		November 2022 Incumbent

List of chairmen of Beijing People's Congress

[edit]
No. Name Term start Term end
1 Jia Tingsan (贾庭三)

(1912–1984)

1979 1983
2 Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞)

(1920–2005)

1983 1993
3 Zhang Jianmin (张健民)

(born 1931)

1993 2001
4 Yu Junbo (于均波)

(born 1941)

2001 2007
5 Du Deyin (杜德印)

(born 1951)

2007 2017
6 Li Wei (李伟)

(born 1958)

2017 2023
6 Li Xiuling (李秀领)

(born 1962)

2023 Incumbent

List of mayors

[edit]
Main article: Mayor of Beijing

Republic of China

[edit]
No. Image Name Term start Term end
1

Ding Naiyang (丁乃揚)

(1870–1944)

1 January 1912 24 December 1912
2 Zhang Guangjian (張廣建)

(1864–1938)

24 December 1912 19 September 1913
3 Wang Zhixin (王治馨)

(1868–1914)

16 October 1913 23 March 1914
4 Shen Jinjian (沉金鑑)

(1875–1924)

23 March 1914 September 1915
5 Wang Da (王達)

(1881–1946)

26 September 1915 3 August 1920
6 Wang Hu (王瑚)

(1865–1933)

3 August 1920 18 September 1920
7 Sun Zhenjia (孫振家)

(1858–?)

18 September 1920 19 May 1922
8 Liu Menggeng (劉夢庚)

(1881–?)

19 May 1922 5 November 1924
9 Wang Zhixiang (王芝祥)

(1858–1930)

5 November 1924 31 December 1924
10 Xue Dubi (薛篤弼)

(1892–1973)

31 December 1924 9 October 1925
11 Liu Ji (劉驥)

(1887–1967)

20 October 1925 May 1926
12 Li Yuan (李垣)

(1879–?)

4 September 1926 24 September 1927
13 Zhang Jixin (張濟新)

(1874–1952)

24 September 1927 3 June 1928
14 Li Shengpei (李升培)

(?–?)

Acting Mayor

4 June 1928 25 June 1928
15 He Chengjun (何成濬)

(1882–1961)

Acting Mayor

25 June 1928 13 July 1928
16 He Qigong (何其鞏)

(1899–1955)

13 July 1928 12 June 1929
17 Chang Yin-wu (張蔭梧 Zhang Yinwu)

(1891–1949)

12 June 1929 27 February 1931
18 Wang Tao (王濤)

(1866–1937)

Acting Mayor

October 1930 March 1931
19 Zhou Dawen (周大文)

(1895–1971)

27 February 1931 16 June 1933
20 Hu Ruoyu (胡若愚)

(1895–1962)

Acting Mayor

April 1931 June 1931
21 Yuan Liang (袁良)

(1883–1953)

16 June 1933 1 November 1935
22 Song Zheyuan (宋哲元)

(1885–1940)

1 November 1935 8 November 1935
23 Qin Dechun (秦德純)

(1893–1963)

8 November 1935 28 July 1937
24 Zhang Zizhong (張自忠)

(1891–1940)

28 July 1937 6 August 1937
25 Jiang Chaozong (江朝宗)

(1861–1943)

Appointed by the Japanese

6 August 1937 7 January 1938
26 Yu Jinhe (餘晉龢)

(1887–?)

7 January 1938 9 February 1943
27 Su Tiren (蘇體仁)

(1888–1979)

Acting Mayor

1941 9 February 1943
28 Liu Yushu (劉玉書)

(1884–?)

9 February 1943 20 February 1945
29 Xu Xiuzhi (許修直)

(1881–1954)

20 February 1945 16 August 1945
30 Xiong Bin (熊斌)

(1894–1964)

16 August 1945 15 July 1946
31 He Siyuan (何思源)

(1896–1982)

15 July 1946 July 1948
32 Liu Yaozhang (劉瑤章)

(1897–1993)

July 1948 4 February 1949

People's Republic of China

[edit]
No. Image Name Term start Term end Notes
1 Ye Jianying (叶剑英)

(1897–1986)

8 December 1948 8 September 1949 One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic
2 Nie Rongzhen (聂荣臻)

(1899–1992)

8 September 1949 26 February 1951 One of the Ten Great Marshals of the People's Republic
3 Peng Zhen (彭真)

(1902–1997)

26 February 1951 May 1966
4 Wu De (吴德)

(1913–1995)

May 1966 20 April 1967
5 Xie Fuzhi (谢富治)

(1909–1972)

20 April 1967 26 March 1972
4[note 1] Wu De (吴德)

(1913–1995)

May 1972 9 October 1978
6 Lin Hujia (林乎加)

(1916–2018)

9 October 1978 25 January 1981 Concurrently served as party chief
7 Jiao Ruoyu (焦若愚)

(1915–2020)

25 January 1981 24 March 1983
8 Chen Xitong (陈希同)

(1930–2013)

24 March 1983 February 1993 Promoted to party chief
9 Li Qiyan (李其炎)

(1938–2020)

February 1993 October 1996 Demoted
10 Jia Qinglin (贾庆林)

(born 1940)

October 1996 (acting)

February 1997

February 1999 Promoted to party chief
11 Liu Qi (刘淇)

(born 1942)

February 1999 January 2003 Promoted to party chief
12 Meng Xuenong (孟学农)

(born 1949)

19 January 2003 20 April 2003 Sacked for mishandling SARS outbreak
13 Wang Qishan (王岐山)

(born 1948)

20 April 2003 (acting)

February 2004

30 November 2007 Politburo Standing Committee (2012–2017)
Secretary of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection (2012–2017)
Vice President of China (2018–)
14 Guo Jinlong (郭金龙)

(born 1947)

30 November 2007 (acting)

January 2008

25 July 2012 Promoted to party chief
15 Wang Anshun (王安顺)

(born 1957)

25 July 2012 (acting)

28 January 2013

31 October 2016 Politically sidelined
16 Cai Qi (蔡奇)

(born 1955)

31 October 2016 (acting)

20 January 2017

27 May 2017 Promoted to party chief
17

Chen Jining (陈吉宁)

(born 1964)

27 May 2017 (acting)

30 January 2018

28 October 2022
18 Yin Yong (殷勇)

(born 1969)

28 October 2022 (acting)19 January 2023 Incumbent

List of chairmen of CPPCC Beijing Committee

[edit]
No. Name Term start Term end
1 Liu Ren (刘仁)

(1909–1973)

1955 1967
2 Ding Guoyu (丁国钰)

(1916–2015)

November 1977 December 1979
3 Zhao Pengfei (赵鹏飞)

(1920–2005)

December 1979 March 1983
4 Liu Daosheng (刘导生)

(1913–2014)

March 1983 March 1985
5 Fan Jin (范瑾)

(1919–2009)

March 1985 May 1986
6 Bai Jiefu (白介夫)

(1921–2013)

May 1986 1993
7 Wang Daming (王大明)

(born 1929)

1993 1998
8 Chen Guangwen (陈广文)

(born 1936)

1998 January 2003
9 Cheng Shi'e (程世峨)

(born 1940)

January 2003 January 2006
10 Yang Anjiang (阳安江)

(born 1945)

January 2006 January 2011
11 Wang Anshun (王安顺)

(born 1957)

January 2011 January 2013
12 Ji Lin (吉林)

(born 1962)

January 2013 January 2022
13 Wei Xiaodong (魏小东)

(born 1961)

January 2022 Incumbent

List of the Chairmen of Beijing Supervisory Committee

[edit]
No. Name Term start Term end
1 Zhang Shuofu (张硕辅)

(born 1965)

January 2017 July 2018
2 Chen Yong (陈雍)

(born 1966)

January 2019 July 2021
3 Chen Jian (陈健)

(born 1964)

November 2021 Incumbent

See also

[edit]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ Wu served as the Chairman of the Beijing Revolutionary Committee between 1972 and 1978

References

[edit]
  • Chinese provincial leaders
  • "Powerful bureau to run city's transport". South China Morning Post. 2003-04-16.
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