Puadhi dialect

Puadhi
Powadhi Poadhi Pwadhi
ਪੁਆਧੀ پوادھی
Pronunciation	Standard: [po'aːdi] Puadhi: [pʊaːdʱi]
Native to	India
Region	Puadh of eastern Punjab, Haryana, Western Uttar Pradesh
Ethnicity	Punjabis
Language family	Indo-European Indo-Iranian Indo-Aryan Northwestern Punjabi Eastern Punjabi Puadhi
Writing system	Gurmukhī
Language codes
ISO 639-3	–
Glottolog	powa1244

Speaker of Puadhi Punjabi

Map of Punjabi dialects and languages, including the Puadhi dialect in the east

Puadhi (ਪੁਆਧੀ, پوادھی; Standard: [po'aːdi]; Puadhi: [pʊaːdʱi]) is an eastern dialect of the Punjabi language primarily spoken in the Puadh region of northern India. It is spoken between the Sutlej and Ghaggar river basins in the present day states of Punjab and Haryana, and the union territory of Chandigarh and Uttar Pradesh.

Puadh extends from Rupnagar near Sutlej up to the Ghaggar river and its tributaries, Markanda and Somb in the east, which lie in northern Haryana up to Kala Amb in Sirmaur district of Himachal Pradesh.

To the west, it extends into the Puadh tract of Ludhiana where the westernmost spoken varieties of the Puadhi dialect form a continuum with Malwai and in the north it blends with Doabi. Puadhi's western boundary also extends into Fategarh Sahib and Patiala districts and its influence, in Haryana, is observed in the southwest in the adjacent areas of Kaithal and Kurukshetra districts up to northern areas of Jind district such as Ujhana and Dhamtan Sahib.

The dialect is spoken over a large area in present Indian Punjab as well as Haryana. Puadhi is also spoken in other areas: Kharar, Kurali, Rupnagar, Morinda, Chandigarh, Pail, Rajpura, Samrala in Punjab as well as Ambala, Naraingarh, Sadaura, Panchkula, Shahabad, Barara, Thana Chappar, Bilaspur, Saraswati Nagar, Pehowa, North of Kaithal and Tohana etc. in Haryana.

Grammar

• Genitive postposition: The genitive case particles of ਕਾ kā, ਕੀ kī, ਕੇ ke and ਕੀਆਂ kiān are found in Puadhi, as compared to most other dialects which use ਦਾ dā, ਦੀ dī, ਦੇ de and ਦੀਆਂ diān. Puadhi shares this grammatical trait with neighbouring dialects of Bangru and Bagri. In Punjabi, this form of second case is also observed intermittently in villages that speak Malwai.
• Ablative postposition: ਤੇ te is the Puadhi equivalent of Majhi ਤੋਂ ton, similarly ਗੇਲੇ gele is used instead of ਨਾਲੋਂ nalon.
• Topic marker: In addition to ਤੇ te and ਤਾ ta, ਤੋ to and ਤੌ tō are also commonly used. The latter ਤੌ is pronounced as a diphthong when emphasized. All four nominative particles are the same in Puadhi as in Bangru, which is spoken to its immediate south.

Vocabulary

The Puadhi dialect has many words that differ from other dialects of Punjabi.

The Puadhi language is spoken across the region shown in green.

Examples

Puadhi	Pronunciation in Puadhi	Meaning	Equivalent Majhi word
ਈਬ ابّ	[īb]	now	ਹੁਣ ہُݨ
ਮ੍ਹਾਰਾ مہارا	[mhārā]	our / ours	ਸਾਡਾ ساڈا
ਥਾਰਾ تھارا	[thārā]	your / yours	ਤੁਹਾਡਾ تہاڈا
ਯੋ یو	[yo]	this	ਇਹ ایہہ
ਨਿਊਂ نیونہہ	[nyūn]	such / like this	ਯੋਂ یونہہ
ਛੋਕਰਾ چھوکرا	[chokrā]	boy	ਮੁੰਡਾ منڈا
ਗੈਲ گیل	[gail]	with	ਨਾਲ نال
ਹਮੇ ہمیں / ਹਮ ہم	[hamē] / [ham]	we	ਅਸੀਂ اسیں
ਥਮੇ تھمیں / ਥਮ تھم	[thamē] / [tham]	you	ਤੁਸੀਂ تسیں
ਗਾਰਤੀ گارتی	[gārtī]	quickly	ਛੇਤੀ چھیتی
ਲਾਗ لاگ	[lāg]	near	ਨੇੜੇ نیڑے
ਬੋਹਤਾ بوہتا	[bōhtā]	much	ਬੜਾ بڑا
ਪਾਲ਼ਾ پالا	[pāɭ̆ā]	cold weather	ਠੰਡ ٹھنڈ

See also

• Puadh
• Languages of India
• List of Indian languages by total speakers
• Languages of Pakistan
• List of Punjabi television channels