Poa labillardierei
| Poa labillardierei | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Clade: | Commelinids |
| Order: | Poales |
| Family: | Poaceae |
| Subfamily: | Pooideae |
| Genus: | Poa |
| Species: | P. labillardierei
|
| Binomial name | |
| Poa labillardierei | |
Poa labillardierei, also known as common tussock-grass,[2] is a species of tussock grass that is endemic to Australia.[3] It is found in southern and eastern Australia, including Tasmania.[4] There are differing variations, Poa labillardierei var. acris Vickery and Poa labillardierei var. labillardierei.[5]
The species was formally described in 1854 by German botanist and physician Ernst Gottlieb von Steudel in Synopsis Plantarum Glumacearum.[6] The name is derived from Poa - Greek word which means "fodder" and labillardierei - after the French botanist and explorer, J.J.H. de Labillardière.[4]
Habitat
[edit]Poa labillardierei is most commonly growing in open forest communities, grassy woodland communities and in moister areas on low slopes and valley floors that are frequently wet.[4] They also grow on river flats and can extend up open sheltered slopes.[7] This plant is additionally frost tolerant.[8]
Poa labillardierei is also very commonly used within home gardens and landscaping.[8] It is a vigorous and tolerant grass, adding vertical interest in landscaping settings.[8] Poa labillardierei regenerates well after burning but the fire should not be very hot for a long time.[4]
Distribution
[edit]Poa labillardierei is found in southern and eastern Australia, including Tasmania.[4]
Description
[edit]Poa labillardierei is a dense coarsely tufted grasses and can reach a height of 120 cm.[4] The large grass is a perennial,[8] that germinates from seed or division.[4]
Leaves mostly basal, very long; sheath usually pallid at the base, upper ± scabrous; ligule c. 0.5 mm long, truncate; blade to 80 cm long, flat or inrolled, to 3.5 mm wide, scabrous, moderately rigid, tip fine, setaceous.[7] Poa labillardierei flowers in spring to summer.[4] Inflorescences are 10–25 cm long, with erect or erectly and loosely spreading branches. Spikelets 3–4(–8)-flowered, strongly laterally compressed.[7] Glumes broad to rather narrow, subacute to occasionally subacuminate. Lemmas firm, narrow to moderately broad, usually hairy, web usually copious, consisting of long hairs; palea firm, closely scabrous on the keels.[7]
Propagation
[edit]Poa labillardierei can be propagated by division and germinates readily from seed, into prepared soil in autumn and winter.[4] The seedlings cannot grow in an area of continuous dry climate and needs moist soil to establish, but can germinate in frost and can tolerate a temperature in the 0 to -5 °C range.[4] It has a very fast growth rate, and once established, it needs very low maintenance and no irrigation.[4]
Ecology
[edit]The common tussock-grass can form the dominant ground layer in grasslands of South-East Australia. Examples include in the Victorian Volcanic Plains, and Gippsland Plains Grassy Woodland.[9] This is in part due to its ability to regenerate well after fire and outcompete other species.[10][11]
Common tussock grass also provides excellent habitat for invertebrates, both in abundance and species richness. A study comparing plantings in urban parks that were either indigenous (with species endemic to an area), native or non-native discovered one patch of Poa labillardierei supported more indigenous insect species than any other plant, across all groups.[12] Suggesting this is an ideal species to support biodiversity, especially in urban settings with a lack of invertebrates.
Reptiles also rely on habitat provided by common tussock grass, including the tussock skink, and blue tongue lizard.
First Nation's uses
[edit]The long leaves and stems of Poa labillardierei are used as string for basket making.[8]
Indigenous names include; Bobat (Woi wurrung) and Bowat (Wurundjeri).[13]
References
[edit]- ^ "Poa labillardierei Steud". The Plant List. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ "Victorian Plant Name Index". Viridans. Retrieved 3 July 2013.
- ^ Jacobs, S.W.L.; Whalley, R.D.B; Wheeler, D.J.B. "Poa labillardierei". PlantNET - New South Wales Flora Online. Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney Australia. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Australian National Botanic Gardens, Parks Australia. "Poa labillardierei - Growing Native Plants". www.anbg.gov.au. Retrieved 2023-03-22.
- ^ "Flora of Victoria". vicflora.rbg.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
- ^ "Poa labillardierei". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government, Canberra. Retrieved 2 July 2013.
- ^ a b c d "PlantNET - FloraOnline". plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au. Retrieved 2023-03-24.
- ^ a b c d e "Yarra Ranges Local Plant Directory". www.yarraranges.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 2023-03-23.
- ^ Victorian Resources Online, Agriculture Victoria. "Tussock Poa". vro.agriculture.vic.gov.au. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ^ Moore, Nicholas A.; Camac, James S.; Morgan, John W. (February 2019). "Effects of drought and fire on resprouting capacity of 52 temperate Australian perennial native grasses". New Phytologist. 221 (3): 1424–1433. doi:10.1111/nph.15480. hdl:11343/284683. PMID 30216446.
- ^ "Poa tussock or tussock grass". www.dpi.nsw.gov.au. 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2023.
- ^ Mata, Luis; Andersen, Alan N.; Morán-Ordóñez, Alejandra; Hahs, Amy K.; Backstrom, Anna; Ives, Christopher D.; Bickel, Daniel; Duncan, David; Palma, Estibaliz; Thomas, Freya; Cranney, Kate; Walker, Ken; Shears, Ian; Semeraro, Linda; Malipatil, Mallik; Moir, Melinda L.; Plein, Michaela; Porch, Nick; Vesk, Peter A.; Smith, Tessa R.; Lynch, Yvonne (June 2021). "Indigenous plants promote insect biodiversity in urban greenspaces". Ecological Applications. 31 (4). Bibcode:2021EcoAp..31E2309M. doi:10.1002/eap.2309. hdl:10536/DRO/DU:30148591. PMID 33605502. Retrieved 20 June 2023.
- ^ "Poa Labillardierei - Common Tussock-Grass - Local Seeds". Retrieved 2023-03-25.