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Pitcairnia

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Pitcairnia
Pitcairnia heydlauffii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Clade: Commelinids
Order: Poales
Family: Bromeliaceae
Subfamily: Pitcairnioideae
Genus: Pitcairnia
L'Her.
Synonyms[1]
  • Hepetis Sw.
  • Spirastigma L'Hér. ex Schult. & Schult.f.
  • Codonanthes Raf.
  • Conanthes Raf.
  • Neumannia Brongn.
  • Lamproconus Lem.
  • Cochliopetalum Beer
  • Orthopetalum Beer
  • Phlomostachys K.Koch
  • Pepinia Brongn. ex André
  • Melinonia Brongn. ex E.Morren
  • Willrussellia A.Chev.
  • × Pitinia Irvin ex Baskerv.
Pitcairnia spicata

Pitcairnia is a genus of plants in the family Bromeliaceae, subfamily Pitcairnioideae. It was named for William Pitcairn, Scottish physician and gardener (1711–1791).[2] The genus Pitcairnia ranks as the second most prolific of the bromeliad family (after Tillandsia). They are most abundant in Colombia, Peru and Brazil, but can also be found in areas from Cuba and Mexico south to Argentina. One species, Pitcairnia feliciana, is found in tropical West Africa and is the only member of the family Bromeliaceae not native to the Americas.[1]

Almost all Pitcairnias are terrestrial or saxicolous, and prefer moist areas. However, many are found growing epiphytically in trees.

Taxonomy

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Pitcairnia was established as a genus by Charles Louis L'Héritier de Brutelle in 1788.[3] In 1870, Pepinia was established as a genus by Adolphe-Théodore Brongniart in a publication by Édouard André.[4] Pepinia was reduced to a subgenus of Pitcairnia in 1881 by John Gilbert Baker,[5] but elevated again to a genus in 1988, largely on the basis of the morphology of its seeds.[6] The use of morphological characters to differentiate Pepinia from Pitcairnia was rejected in 1999;[7] a view confirmed later by multiple molecular studies.[8]

Species

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As of November 2022, Plants of the World Online accepted 407 species, including those formerly placed in the genus Pepinia,[9] now treated as Pitcairnia subgenus Pepinia.[5]

Cultivars and hybrids

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  • Pitcairnia albiflos × staminea
  • Pitcairnia × daiseyana
  • Pitcairnia 'Beaujolais'
  • Pitcairnia 'Bud Curtis'
  • Pitcairnia 'Chiamenez'
  • Pitcairnia 'Coral Horizon'
  • Pitcairnia 'Flaming Arrow'
  • Pitcairnia 'Hartwig'
  • Pitcairnia 'Hattie'
  • Pitcairnia 'Jim Scrivner'
  • Pitcairnia 'Maroni'
  • Pitcairnia 'Pinot Noir'
  • Pitcairnia 'Stardust'
  • Pitcairnia 'Stephen Hoppin'
  • Pitcairnia 'Verdia Lowe'

References

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  1. ^ a b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
  2. ^ "Bromeliad Society International – Genera Etymology". Archived from the original on 2007-02-03. Retrieved 2007-02-13.
  3. ^ "Pitcairnia L'Hér.", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-11-02
  4. ^ "Pepinia Brongn. ex André", The International Plant Names Index, retrieved 2022-11-02
  5. ^ a b Gouda, E.J.; Butcher, D.; Gouda, C.S. (2022), "Pepinia (subgen. of Pitcairnia) (Brongniart ex André) Baker", Encyclopaedia of Bromeliads, Utrecht University Botanic Gardens, retrieved 2022-11-02
  6. ^ Varadarajan, G.S. & Gilmartin, A.J. (1988), "Taxonomic Realignments within the Subfamily Pitcairnioideae (Bromeliaceae)", Systematic Botany, 13 (2): 294–299, doi:10.2307/2419108, JSTOR 2419108
  7. ^ Taylor, David C.; Robinson, Harold & Robinson, H.E. (1999), "A rejection of Pepinia (Bromeliaceae: Pitcairnioideae) and taxonomic revisions", Harvard Papers in Botany, 4 (1): 203–218, JSTOR 41761301
  8. ^ Schütz, Nicole; Krapp, Florian; Wagner, Natascha & Weising, Kurt (2016), "Phylogenetics of Pitcairnioideae s.s. (Bromeliaceae): evidence from nuclear and plastid DNA sequence data", Botanical Journal of the Linnean Society, 181 (3): 323–342, doi:10.1111/boj.12403
  9. ^ "Pitcairnia L'Hér.", Plants of the World Online, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2022-11-02
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