Pierre Abraham Lorillard
Pierre Abraham Lorillard (1742 – 1776) was a French-American tobacconist who founded the business which developed into the Lorillard Tobacco Company, which claimed to be the oldest tobacco firm in the United States and in the world.[1][2] His name is also sometimes given as Peter Abraham Lorillard,[3] Peter Lorillard and Pierre Lorillard I.
Early life
[edit]Pierre Abraham Lorillard was born in Montbéliard (France) in 1742, the son of Jean Lorillard (b. 1707) and Anne Catherine Rossel. He had five brothers, Jean George, George David, Charles Christophe, Jean Abraham, and Leopold Frederick, and a sister, Anne Marguerite.
The naturalization recorded in New York on April 21, 1762, of 'Peter Louillard', a stocking weaver and French Protestant, is probably that of Lorillard.[4] This followed the naturalization on October 27, 1760, of John George Lorillard, described as a French Protestant yeoman of New York City.[5]
Career
[edit]Lorillard set out in business in about 1760 with a snuff-grinding factory in a rented house on Chatham Street, now Park Row, in Lower Manhattan.[6][7] He was the first man to make snuff in North America.[3] According to Maxwell Fox's The Lorillard Story (1947), Lorillard adopted the trademark of a Native American smoking a pipe, standing beside a hogshead of tobacco, which "later became the best known trademark in the world".[1]
Lorillard's sons George and Peter (or Pierre) took over his business in 1792,[6] while his son Jacob became a banker and philanthropist in New York City. According to author Rex Burns, "Jacob Lorillard was justified in his wealth, first because he rose from being an obscure tobacconist's apprentice by his own integrity, industry, perseverance, and love of books, and secondly, because when he was a millionaire, his moral pursuit of wealth led him to exhibit benevolence and generosity."[8]
Personal life
[edit]Lorillard married Catherine Moore, sister of Blazius Moore, and they lived at Hackensack, New Jersey. Lorillard and Moore obtained a marriage license on August 19, 1763, when another marriage license was granted to John Lorillard and Hannah Moore, suggesting that Hannah and Catherine may have been sisters.[9] The register of the French church of New York City gives the date of Lorillard's marriage, as well as that of Jean (John) and Anne Moore: "August 23, 1763 married by license Pierre l'Oreillard and Catherine Moore in presence of the families l'Aureillard and Moore. The same day married by license in the house of M. Parptre in the Bowery rented by Sieur Moore Jean l'Aurellard and Anne Moore in the presence of the families l'Aurellard and Moore.[9] Lorillard and Moore had at least five children:[9]
- Pierre "Peter" Lorillard II, (born September 7, 1764, according to another source b. July 11, 1768)[9]
- J. George Lorillard (b. December 25, 1766)[9]
- Blazius Lorillard (b. June 7, 1769)[9]
- Johann Jacob Lorillard (b. January 19, 1772[9]
- Jacob Lorillard (b. May 22, 1774)[9]
Death
[edit]Lorillard died in 1776, during the American Revolutionary War, killed by Hessian mercenaries of the British during the British occupation of New York City.[6] After his death, his business was carried on by his descendants and grew into the Lorillard Tobacco Company. In 1960, the company issued a Bicentennial Report, in which it was able to boast proudly that "P. Lorillard Company is older than the United States, taking its origin in the Colonial days of 1760 when British kings ruled the land... Lorillard is the oldest tobacco company in the world".[7] After Lorillard's death, his widow married a man named either John Holsman or Daniel Holtzman.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Fox, Maxwell, The Lorillard Story (1947), online at tobaccodocuments.org, accessed 21 July 2008
- ^ Ackerman, Ruthie. "Loews Lets Lorillard Go", Forbes, December 17, 2007. Accessed July 21, 2001. Accessed July 21, 2008. "Lorillard claims to be the oldest American tobacco company, with a history stretching back to 1760."
- ^ a b Ross, Harold, "American Snuff" (abstract), from 'The Talk of the Town', in The New Yorker dated September 22, 1934, (p. 18)
- ^ Bockstruck, Lloyd DeWitt, Denizations and Naturalizations in the British Colonies in America, 1607-1775 (Genealogical Publishing Company, 2005, ISBN 0-8063-1754-X) p. 186: Louillard Peter. He was naturalized in New York 21 April 1762. He was a stocking weaver from New York City and a French Protestant. [He was probably Peter Lorillard]
- ^ Bockstruck, op. cit., p. 186 at books.google.com, accessed 29 January 2009
- ^ a b c Belmont Playground, New York City Department of Parks and Recreation, accessed July 21, 2008.
- ^ a b Lorillard and Tobacco 200th Anniversary P. Lorillard Company 1760-1960 at tobaccodocuments.org: "In 1885, the Lorillards brought a suit in the U. S. Circuit Court for the Northern District of Illinois for infringement of their 'Defiance Plug' Lorillard tin tags, used on plug tobacco, deposing that 'They are now, and for many years have been extensively engaged in the production and sale of manufactured tobacco; that their business was established upward of a century ago, to wit, about the year 1760, in the city of New York, and that from said date until the present time the business so established has been successfully carried on without interruption or substantial change, and is now a source of great profit."
- ^ Burns, Rex, Success in America: The Yeoman Dream and the Industrial Revolution (Univ of Massachusetts Press, 1976, ISBN 0-87023-207-X) p. 59
- ^ a b c d e f g h i "Lorillard notes". Ancestry.com. Retrieved 21 July 2008.