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Peter J. Davies

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Peter J. Davies
NationalityEnglish
CitizenshipUnited States
Alma materUniversity of Reading, B. Sc., PhD
University of California at Davis M.S.
Known forPlant Physiology, Plant Hormones
AwardsJefferson Science Fellow at the United States Department of State
Scientific career
FieldsPlant Physiology, Plant Biotechnology
InstitutionsYale University
Cornell University

Peter John Davies is a professor emeritus of Plant Physiology in the Departments of Plant Biology and Horticulture at Cornell University[1][2] who is notable for his work on plant development,[3] plant hormones,[4] and in educating the public on agricultural technology and genetically modified organisms (GMOs) as a Jefferson Science Fellow from 2011 to 2014.[5] As a Jefferson Science Fellow Davies monitored developments in agriculture and food security, monitored the status of biotech crops in Europe, and provided input to promote the acceptance of these crops on a scientific basis.[6][7]

Personal life

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Peter J. Davies was born in Harrow in London U.K. in 1940, the son of William B. Davies, an Anglican vicar in Edmonton and Enfield U.K., and Ivy D Davies. Peter Davies married Linda DeNoyer.[8][9][10][11] They have two children: Kenneth Davies and Caryn Davies.

University life

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Davies earned a B.Sc. in Agricultural Botany (1962) and a Ph.D. in Agricultural Botany with an emphasis on herbicide physiology in 1966 from the University of Reading in England, and an M.S. in Plant Physiology from the University of California at Davis in 1964. He did a post doc with Arthur Galston and an instructor in the Biology Department at Yale University. At Cornell University, Davies became an assistant professor in 1969, an associate professor in 1975, a Full Professor in 1983 and retired in 2016. A Mini-Symposium Celebrated Davies' 46 years in Plant Sciences at Cornell.[12][13]

Research

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Davies research has been on the role of plant hormones in whole plant physiology, including stem growth, whole-plant senescence,[14] tomato ripening and potato tuberization.

In 1866, Gregor Mendel, the father of genetics, demonstrated that height in peas was controlled by a single factor. More than a century later, Davies discovered that Mendel's stem length gene (Le) in peas encoded a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase.[15] This enzyme converts GA20, an inactive form of gibberellin to GA1, the form of gibberellin that stimulates stem growth in peas. The conversion of gibberellins results in the tall phenotype that Mendel observed.[16][17] The mutant (le) that was observed by Mendel is shorter because it is unable to convert sufficient GA20 to GA1.

Awards and honors

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Davies was the Potato Grower Researcher of the Year for 2008.[18] He was a Senior Fellow at the Institute of Advanced Studies, Università di Bologna, Italy in 2010, an OECD (Trade Agriculture) Research Fellow at the Università di Bologna, Italy in 2010, a Jefferson Science Fellow in the United States Department of State from 2011 to 2014[19] and was made an International Professor of Plant Biology at Cornell University in 2013.

Video lectures on Genetically-Modified Organisms (GMOs)

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  • How to Evaluate Evidence For and Against GMOs (Cornell University, December 8, 2015)[1],[2]
  • Jefferson Lecture at the Department of State on Crop Biotechnology: Science and Sustainability (Department of State, March 27, 2012) [3]
  • Are GMO foods safe? We asked an expert.[4]

Books

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  • Galston, A. W. and P. J. Davies (1970) Control Mechanisms in Plant Development, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
  • Davies, P. J. ed. (1975) Historical and Current Aspects of Plant Physiology: A Symposium Honoring F.C. Steward, New York State College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY
  • Galston, A. W., P. J. Davies and R. L. Satter (1980) The Life of the Green Plant,Third edition, Prentice-Hall, Englewood Cliffs, NJ
  • Davies, P. J. ed. (1987) Plant Hormones and their Role in Plant Growth and Development, M. Nijhoff, Dordrecht
  • Davies, P. J. ed. (1995) Plant Hormones: Physiology, Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht
  • Davies, P. J. ed. (2004, revised edition 2010) Plant Hormones: Biosynthesis, Signal Transduction, Action!, Kluwer Academic, Dordrecht [5]

References

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  1. ^ Cobb, Edward D. (2013). 150 Years of Botany at Cornell: A History of Botany and Plant Biology (second printing, first ed.). Ithaca, NY: Cornell University.
  2. ^ DeMichele, Jennifer (2002). "Insights from Peter Davies, plant physiology and plant molecular biology". Journal of Young Investigators. 6 (1). Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  3. ^ Krikorian, A. D. (1971). "Control Mechanisms in Plant Development. Arthur W. Galston , Peter J. Davies". Q. Rev. Biol. 46 (3): 304–305. doi:10.1086/406949.
  4. ^ Davies, P. J. (2007). Plant Hormones in: Encyclopedia of Science and Technology. New York: McGraw Hill. pp. 692–696.
  5. ^ "Peter Davies Jefferson Science Fellow". The National Academies of Science, Engineering, Medicine.
  6. ^ "Professor Peter Davies discusses benefits of GMO's". Hawaii News Now. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
  7. ^ "GMOs: Should they be on our shelves?". RT America. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
  8. ^ Roesler, F. L.; L. DeNoyer (1964). "Differential Motion of Excited He+ Ions in a Hollow Cathode Plasma". Phys. Rev. Lett. 12 (14): 396–398. Bibcode:1964PhRvL..12..396R. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.12.396.
  9. ^ van Benthem, K., G. Tan, L. K. DeNoyer, R. H. French, and M. Rühle (2004). "Local Optical Properties, Electron Densities, and London Dispersion Energies of Atomically Structured Grain Boundaries". Phys. Rev. Lett. 93 (22): 227201. Bibcode:2004PhRvL..93v7201V. doi:10.1103/physrevlett.93.227201. PMID 15601111.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ van Benthem, K., G. Tan, R. H. French, L. K. DeNoyer, R. Podgornik, and V. A. Parsegian (2006). "Graded interface models for more accurate determination of van der Waals–London dispersion interactions across grain boundaries". Phys. Rev. B. 74 (20): 205110. Bibcode:2006PhRvB..74t5110V. doi:10.1103/physrevb.74.205110.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ Schimelman, J. B., D. M. Dryden, L. Poudel, K. E. Krawiec, Y. Ma, R. Podgornik, V. A. Parsegian, L. K. Denoyer, W.-Y. Ching, N. F. Steinmetz and R. H. French (2015). "Optical properties and electronic transitions of DNA oligonucleotides as a function of composition and stacking sequence". Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 17 (6): 4589–4599. Bibcode:2015PCCP...17.4589S. doi:10.1039/c4cp03395g. PMID 25584920.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  12. ^ "Mini-Symposium Celebrating Peter Davies' 46 years in Plant Sciences". Cornell SIPS. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  13. ^ "Symposium honors plant hormone expert Peter Davies". Cornell CALS. July 17, 2016. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  14. ^ Davies, Peter. "Senescence of the whole plant". Cornell SIPS. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  15. ^ "Cornell And Australian Scientists Clone The Gene Regulating Stem Growth In Pea Plants". Science Daily. September 6, 1997. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  16. ^ Lester, D. R., J. J. Ross, P. J. Davies and J. B. Reid (1997). "Mendel's stem length gene (Le) encodes a gibberellin 3β-hydroxylase". Plant Cell. 9 (8): 1435–1443. doi:10.1105/tpc.9.8.1435. PMC 157009. PMID 9286112.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  17. ^ Konig, Ross E. "Gibberellins". Plant Physiology Information Website. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  18. ^ "Editor's Note". No. May. Potato Grower: Serving the National Potato Industry. 2009. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
  19. ^ Ramaujan, Krishna. "Jefferson Fellow Peter Davies to Spend Year in DC". Cornell Chronicle. Retrieved August 31, 2016.
[edit]
  • Peter Davies' publications listed on Research Gate [6]
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