Pentaamminechlororhodium dichloride

Pentaamminechlororhodium dichloride
Names
	Other names Claus' salt,; Pentaamminechlororhodium dichloride, chloropentaamminerhodium dichloride, chloropentaamminerhodium chloride, chloropentamminerhodium(III) dichloride, chloropentamminerhodium(III) chloride
Identifiers
CAS Number	13820-95-6;
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
ChemSpider	62779325;
ECHA InfoCard	100.034.082
EC Number	237-505-2;
PubChem CID	159699;
CompTox Dashboard (EPA)	DTXSID00930015 ;
	InChI InChI=1S/3ClH.5H3N.Rh/h31H;51H3;/q;;;;;;;;+3/p-3 Key: ICJGGTVWZZBROS-UHFFFAOYSA-K;
	SMILES [Cl-].Cl[Ru-3]([NH3+])([NH3+])([NH3+])([NH3+])[NH3+].[Cl-];
Properties
Chemical formula	[RhCl(NH3)5]Cl2
Appearance	yellow solid
Hazards
	GHS labelling:
Pictograms
Signal word	Warning
Hazard statements	H315, H319, H335
Precautionary statements	P261, P264, P271, P280, P302+P352, P304+P340, P305+P351+P338, P312, P321, P332+P313, P337+P313, P362, P403+P233, P405, P501
	Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa). Infobox references

Pentamminechlororhodium dichloride is the dichloride salt of the coordination complex [RhCl(NH₃)₅]²⁺. It is a yellow, water-soluble solid. The salt is an intermediate in the purification of rhodium from its ores.

As shown by X-ray crystallography, the salt consists of the octahedral complex [RhCl(NH₃)₅]²⁺ and two chloride counterions.^[1] It forms from the reaction of rhodium trichloride and ammonia in ethanol.^[2] Two chloride anions are labile, whereas the coordinated chloride ligand is not.

Treatment of [RhCl(NH₃)₅]Cl₂ with zinc dust in the presence of ammonia gives the hydride complex [RhH(NH₃)₅]²⁺.^[2]^[3]

Related compounds

Chloropentamminecobalt chloride
Chloropentammineiridium chloride^[4]

References

^ Hambley, Trevor W.; Lay, Peter A. (1986). "Comparisons of pi-Bonding and Hydrogen Bonding in Isomorphous Compounds: [M(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂ (M = Cr, Co, Rh, Ir, Ru, Os)". Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (25): 4553–4558. doi:10.1021/ic00245a020.
^ ^a ^b Osborn, J. A.; Thomas, K.; Wilkinson, G. (1972). "Pentaamminechlororhodium(III) Dichloride and Pentaamminehydridorhodium(III) Sulfate". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 13. pp. 213–215. doi:10.1002/9780470132449.ch43. ISBN 978-0-470-13172-5.
^ Thomas, K.; Osborn, J. A.; Powell, A. R.; Wilkinson, G. (1968). "The Preparation of Hydridopentammine- and Hydridoaquotetramminerhodium(III) Sulphates and Other Salts; the Formation of Alkyl and Fluoroalkyl Derivatives". Journal of the Chemical Society A: 1801. doi:10.1039/j19680001801.
^ Schmidtke, Hans-Herbert (1970). "Pentaammineiridium(III) Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 12: 243–247. doi:10.1002/9780470132432.ch42. ISBN 978-0-470-13171-8.

[1] Hambley, Trevor W.; Lay, Peter A. (1986). "Comparisons of pi-Bonding and Hydrogen Bonding in Isomorphous Compounds: [M(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂ (M = Cr, Co, Rh, Ir, Ru, Os)". Inorganic Chemistry. 25 (25): 4553–4558. doi:10.1021/ic00245a020.

[IS-2] Osborn, J. A.; Thomas, K.; Wilkinson, G. (1972). "Pentaamminechlororhodium(III) Dichloride and Pentaamminehydridorhodium(III) Sulfate". Inorganic Syntheses. Vol. 13. pp. 213–215. doi:10.1002/9780470132449.ch43. ISBN 978-0-470-13172-5.

[3] Thomas, K.; Osborn, J. A.; Powell, A. R.; Wilkinson, G. (1968). "The Preparation of Hydridopentammine- and Hydridoaquotetramminerhodium(III) Sulphates and Other Salts; the Formation of Alkyl and Fluoroalkyl Derivatives". Journal of the Chemical Society A: 1801. doi:10.1039/j19680001801.

[4] Schmidtke, Hans-Herbert (1970). "Pentaammineiridium(III) Complexes". Inorganic Syntheses. 12: 243–247. doi:10.1002/9780470132432.ch42. ISBN 978-0-470-13171-8.

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