Parviluciferaceae
| Parviluciferaceae | |
|---|---|
| |
| Double infection of two late Dinovorax pyriformis trophonts in a Prorocentrum micans cell. Scale bar: 10 μm. | |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Clade: | Diaphoretickes |
| Clade: | SAR |
| Clade: | Alveolata |
| Phylum: | Myzozoa |
| Class: | Perkinsea |
| Family: | Parviluciferaceae Reñé & Alacid 2017[1] |
| Type genus | |
| Parvilucifera | |
| Genera[2] | |
| Diversity[4] | |
| 7 species | |
Parviluciferaceae is a family of perkinsozoans, a group of endoparasitic protists present in aquatic environments.[5]
Biology and life cycle
[edit]Members of Parviluciferaceae behave as endoparasitoids of dinoflagellates, an important group of marine phytoplankton. Their life cycle consists of biflagellated zoospores with two unequally sized flagella, that swim toward dinoflagellate hosts, infect them and grow into sporangia that develop more zoospores. All genera share similar sporangium morphology and life cycle. Their main differences regard the morphology of zoospores. Dinovorax and Snorkelia zoospores infect the host cell through a germ tube, which is absent in Parvilucifera.[1]
Systematics
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The name of this family derives from the type genus, Parvilucifera.[1] It derives from Latin parvus 'small' and lucidus 'shining', referring to the small refractile zoospores that characterize this genus.[3]
Classification
[edit]There are currently four genera accepted in this family.[2] The first to be described, Parvilucifera, initially was not assigned to any family, and instead belonged to the order Rastrimonadida, within the Perkinsea. A second genus was included within this order, Rastrimonas, for which no genetic sequences are available.[6][7] In 2017 the family Parviluciferaceae was erected, with the inclusion of Parvilucifera and two additional genera: Dinovorax and Snorkelia.[1] In December 2018 a fourth genus was described for this family, Tuberlatum.[2] The most speciose genus is Parvilucifera, with four described species, while the remaining genera are monotypic, with one species each,[4] adding to a total of 7 species in the family:
- Parvilucifera Norén & Moestrup 1999
- P. corolla Reñé, Alacid, Figueroa, Rodríguez & Garcés 2016[8]
- P. infectans Norén & Moestrup 1999[3] (syn. P. sinerae Figueroa & Garcé 2008)[9][10]
- P. multicavata Jeon & Park 2020[4]
- P. rostrata Karpov & Guillou 2013[11]
- Dinovorax Alacid & Reñé 2017
- D. pyriformis Alacid & Reñé 2017
- Snorkelia Reñé & Alacid 2017
- S. prorocentri (Leander & Hoppenrath 2007) Reñé & Alacid 2017 (basionym: Parvilucifera prorocentri Leander & Hoppenrath 2007)[12]
- Tuberlatum Jeon & Park 2018[2]
- Tuberlatum coatsi Jeon & Park 2018
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d Albert Reñé; Elisabet Alacid; Isabel Ferrera; Esther Garcés (24 August 2017). "Evolutionary Trends of Perkinsozoa (Alveolata) Characters Based on Observations of Two New Genera of Parasitoids of dinoflagellates, Dinovorax gen. nov. and Snorkelia gen. nov". Frontiers in Microbiology. 8: 1594. doi:10.3389/FMICB.2017.01594. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 5609580. PMID 28970818. Wikidata Q42163896.
- ^ a b c d Boo Seong Jeon; Myung Gil Park (21 December 2018). "Tuberlatum coatsi gen. n., sp. n. (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa), a New Parasitoid with Short Germ Tubes Infecting Marine Dinoflagellates". Protist. 170 (1): 82–103. doi:10.1016/J.PROTIS.2018.12.003. ISSN 1434-4610. PMID 30797136. Wikidata Q91851560.
- ^ a b c Fredrik Norén; Øjvind Moestrup; Ann-Sofi Rehnstam-Holm (October 1999). "Parvilucifera infectans Noren et Moestrup gen. et sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa phylum nov.): a Parasitic Flagellate Capable of Killing Toxic Microalgae". European Journal of Protistology. 35 (3): 233–254. doi:10.1016/S0932-4739(99)80001-7. ISSN 0932-4739. Wikidata Q56038565.
- ^ a b c Boo Seong Jeon; Myung Gil Park (27 June 2020). "Parvilucifera multicavata sp. nov. (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa), a New Parasitoid Infecting Marine Dinoflagellates Having Abundant Apertures on the Sporangium". Protist. 171 (4): 125743. doi:10.1016/J.PROTIS.2020.125743. ISSN 1434-4610. PMID 32731120. Wikidata Q98172104.
- ^ Sarah Itoïz; Sebastian Metz; Evelyne Derelle; Albert Reñé; Esther Garcés; David Bass; Philippe Soudant; Aurélie Chambouvet (1 January 2021). "Emerging Parasitic Protists: The Case of Perkinsea". Frontiers in Microbiology. 12: 735815. doi:10.3389/FMICB.2021.735815. ISSN 1664-302X. PMC 8792838. PMID 35095782. Wikidata Q111321231.
- ^ T. Cavalier-Smith; E.E. Chao (September 2004). "Protalveolate phylogeny and systematics and the origins of Sporozoa and dinoflagellates (phylum Myzozoa nom. nov.)". European Journal of Protistology. 40 (3): 185–212. doi:10.1016/J.EJOP.2004.01.002. ISSN 0932-4739. Wikidata Q54540793.
- ^ Thomas Cavalier-Smith (5 September 2017). "Kingdom Chromista and its eight phyla: a new synthesis emphasising periplastid protein targeting, cytoskeletal and periplastid evolution, and ancient divergences". Protoplasma. 255 (1): 297–357. doi:10.1007/S00709-017-1147-3. ISSN 0033-183X. PMC 5756292. PMID 28875267. Wikidata Q47194626.
- ^ Albert Reñé; Elisabet Alacid; Rosa Isabel Figueroa; Francisco Rodríguez; Esther Garcés (13 December 2016). "Life-cycle, ultrastructure, and phylogeny of Parvilucifera corolla sp. nov. (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa), a parasitoid of dinoflagellates". European Journal of Protistology. 58: 9–25. doi:10.1016/J.EJOP.2016.11.006. ISSN 0932-4739. PMID 28092806. Wikidata Q31154927.
- ^ Rosa Isabel Figueroa; Esther Garcés; Ramon Massana; Jordi Camp (9 August 2008). "Description, host-specificity, and strain selectivity of the dinoflagellate parasite Parvilucifera sinerae sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa)". Protist. 159 (4): 563–578. doi:10.1016/J.PROTIS.2008.05.003. ISSN 1434-4610. PMID 18693068. Wikidata Q31170770.
- ^ Boo Seong Jeong; Seung Won Nam; Sunju Kim; Myung Gil Park (15 March 2018). "Revisiting the Parvilucifera infectans / P. sinerae (Alveolata, Perkinsozoa) species complex, two parasitoids of dinoflagellates" (PDF). Algae. 33 (1): 1–19. doi:10.4490/ALGAE.2018.33.3.6. ISSN 1226-2617. Wikidata Q124518906.
- ^ Frédéric Lepelletier; Sergey A. Karpov; Sophie Le Panse; Estelle Bigeard; Alf Skovgaard; Christian Jeanthon; Laure Guillou (17 October 2013). "Parvilucifera rostrata sp. nov. (Perkinsozoa), a novel parasitoid that infects planktonic dinoflagellates". Protist. 165 (1): 31–49. doi:10.1016/J.PROTIS.2013.09.005. ISSN 1434-4610. PMID 24334099. Wikidata Q35066131.
- ^ Brian S Leander; Mona Hoppenrath (23 October 2007). "Ultrastructure of a novel tube-forming, intracellular parasite of dinoflagellates: Parvilucifera prorocentri sp. nov. (Alveolata, Myzozoa)". European Journal of Protistology. 44 (1): 55–70. doi:10.1016/J.EJOP.2007.08.004. ISSN 0932-4739. PMID 17936600. Wikidata Q33302621.