Pardosa astrigera
| Pardosa astrigera | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Lycosidae |
| Genus: | Pardosa |
| Species: | P. astrigera
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| Binomial name | |
| Pardosa astrigera | |
| Synonyms | |
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Pardosa astrigera is a species of wolf spider in the family Lycosidae.[1] They are found throughout Japan, Korea, China, Taiwan, and far east Russia.[1][8][9][10][11]
Description
[edit]Pardosa astrigera is a small wolf spider with the body length ranging between 6–10 mm (0.24–0.39 in) for females and 5–9 mm (0.20–0.35 in) for males.[8][9][10] The cephalothorax varies from blackish-brown to yellowish-brown with a distinct median dorsal stripe running the length of the carapace.[1][9][10] White setae are typically present on the pedicel.[1][8] The sternum is blackish-brown.[1][10] The abdomen varies from blackish-brown to yellowish-brown, with a subdued brownish-yellow longitudinal dorsal stripe.[1][10] There is a high degree of variation in the dorsal pattern on the abdomen, however the typical presentation includes several thin lateral chevrons and 5 pairs of spots along the margins.[1][8][10][11] The ventral side of the abdomen is yellowish-brown with a blackish-brown middle.[1][8][10][11]
Identification
[edit]Descriptive diagnostic features with illustrations can be found in Koch 1878,[1] Saitō 1939,[4] and Namkung 2003.[10] Diagnostic photographs are provided in Baba and Tanikawa 2015.[9]
Visual Identification
[edit]
Pardosa astrigera is one of the few spiders that can be identified at a glance, as these spiders have a unique longitudinal band on the median of the carapace.[8][9] The band is yellowish-brown in color, rounded behind the eyes, forming a star shape around the fovea, and narrowing as it reaches the abdomen.[1][9]
Habitat
[edit]Pardosa astrigera have been found on plains, mountains, paddy fields, open grasslands, riverbanks, and other areas. They are often found in relatively dry regions.[8][9][10]
Seasonality
[edit]Adult males and females can be found from spring to autumn.[9]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Koch, Ludwig (3 October 1877). "Japanesische Arachniden und Myriapoden" [Japanese arachnids and myriapods]. Verhandlungen der Kaiserlich-Königlichen Zoologisch-Botanischen Gesellschaft in Wien (in German). 27: 775–778 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ a b c d Bösenberg, Wilhelm; Strand, Embrik (1906). "Japanische Spinnen" [Japanese spiders]. Abhandlungen der Senckenbergischen Naturforschenden Gesellschaft (in German). 30: 93–422 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ Strand, Embrik (1918). "Zur Kenntnis japanischer Spinnen i and ii" [On the knowledge of Japanese spiders i and ii]. Archiv für Naturgeschichte (in German). 82: 73–113 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ a b Saitō, Saburō (1939). "On the Spiders from Tohoku (Northernmost Part of the Main Island), Japan" (PDF). Saito Ho-On Kai Museum Research Bulletin. 18: 1–91 – via World Spider Catalog.
- ^ a b c d e Roewer, Carl F. (1955). Katalog der Araneae von 1758 bis 1940, bzw. 1954. 2. Band, Abt. a (Lycosaeformia, Dionycha [excl. Salticiformia]). 2. Band, Abt. b (Salticiformia, Cribellata) (Synonyma-Verzeichnis, Gesamtindex) [Catalogue of the Araneae from 1758 to 1940, or 1954. Volume 2, Section a (Lycosaeformia, Dionycha [excl. Salticiformia]). Volume 2, Section b (Salticiformia, Cribellata) (Synonym list, general index)] (PDF) (in German). Bruxelles: Institut royal des Sciences naturelles de Belgique. OCLC 3056352 – via World Spider Catalog.
- ^ Schenkel, Ehrenfried (1963). "Ostasiatische Spinnen aus dem Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris" [East Asian spiders from the Muséum d'Histoire naturelle de Paris]. Mémoires du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. Série A, Zoologie (in French). 25 (1): 1–481 – via Biodiversity Heritage Library.
- ^ 王, 洪金 (1985). 稻田蜘蛛的保护利用 [Protection and Utilization of Rice Field Spiders] (PDF) (in Chinese). Hunan: Hunan Press of Science and Technology. pp. 1–188 – via World Spider Catalog.
- ^ a b c d e f g Tanaka, Hozumi (1993). "Lycosid Spiders of Japan XI. The Genus Pardosa C. L. KOCH — paludicola-group". Acta Arachnologica. 42 (2): 159–164. doi:10.2476/asjaa.42.159.
- ^ a b c d e f g h 友希, 馬場; 谷川, 明男 (2015). クモハンドブック [The Handbook of Spiders] (PDF) (in Japanese). Tokyo: Bunichi General Publishing. p. 72. ISBN 978-4-8299-8128-3 – via World Spider Catalog.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i 남궁, 준 (2003). 한국의 거미 [The Spiders of Korea] (PDF) (in Korean) (2nd ed.). Seoul: Kyo-Hak Publishing. p. 329. ISBN 978-89-09-07075-1 – via World Spider Catalog.
- ^ a b c Lee, C. (1966). 台湾的蜘蛛 [Spiders of Formosa (Taiwan)] (PDF) (in Chinese). Taizhong: Taichung Junior Teachers College Publisher. pp. 60–61 – via World Spider Catalog.
External links
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