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PKS 2255-282

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PKS 2255-282
The blazar PKS 2255-282.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationPiscis Austrinus
Right ascension22h 58m 05.9629s
Declination−27° 58′ 21.257″
Redshift0.925840
Heliocentric radial velocity277,560 km/s
Distance7.552 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)16.77
Apparent magnitude (B)17.34
Characteristics
TypeOpt. var, LPQ, FSRQ
Notable featuresGamma ray emitting blazar
Other designations
LEDA 2831543, WMAP 12, 4FGL J2258.1-2759, 1Jy 2255-282, TXS 2255-282, PMN J2258-2758

PKS 2255-282 is a blazar located in the constellation of Piscis Austrinus. This is a low-polarized quasar at the redshift of 0.926,[1][2] first discovered in 1975 by astronomers via a spectroscopic observation.[3] The radio spectrum of this source appears as flat, making it as a flat-spectrum quasar[4] but also a Gigahertz Peaked Spectrum source (GPS) with turnover frequency between 22 and 37 GHz.[5]

Description

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PKS 2255-282 is found variable on the electromagnetic spectrum. It is a source of gamma ray activity.[6][7] Furthermore, it underwent a powerful millimeter wave outburst detected in 1997.[8] During April 1997, its 90 GHz flux density exceeded 8 Jansky (Jy), which was twice the value compared to the prior observation 11 months prior to the outburst. At the end June 1997, the 90 GHz flux reached 10.1 Jy making PKS 2255-282 one of the fewer sources with high detections above 10 Jy.[1]

In December 1997, PKS 2255-282 showed a gamma ray flare which lasted for a period of 2 weeks. During the observations, it remained in a bright state with a total measured flux of (1.6 ± 0.3) x 10−6 cm−2 s−1 and a peak flux of (4.8 ± 1.1) x 10−6 cm−2 s−1, making this value higher by factor of 20, than the upper limits of its quiescent state.[9] A gamma ray outburst was observed by the Energetic Gamma Ray Experiment Telescope mounted abroad the Compton Gamma Ray Observatory in January 1998.[1][10] In September 2012, a near-infrared ray was shown to be brightening.[11]

The radio structure in PKS 2255-282 is complex. A 5 GHz radio image of the object made via Very Long Baseline Array, shows a strong bright core component marginally resolved at 2.8 Jy and a short jet extending southwest by 5 mas.[12][1][13] However, when shown at higher frequencies, the jet is completely omitted from radio imaging with the core only present at 4.2 and 2.7 Jy.[1] This core is estimated to have a size of 0.2 mas with extended emission in both south and east directions.[14]

A quasi-periodic oscillation was detected in PKS 2255–282 in October 2024 with a period of 97 days. This is possibly explained by a binary black hole system which a model shows a secondary black hole orbiting round the primary black hole before passing through an accretion disk.[15] Quasi-periodic signals have also been detected in this object with three high states showed during 2009–2013, 2017-2021 and in 2023.[16]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d e Tornikoski, M.; Tingay, S. J.; Mücke, A.; Chen, A.; Connaughton, V.; Jauncey, D. L.; Johnston-Hollitt, M.; Kemp, J.; King, E. A.; McGee, P.; Rantakyrö, F.; Rayner, D.; Reimer, O.; Tzioumis, A. K. (September 1999). "Multiwavelength Observations of PKS 2255−282". The Astronomical Journal. 118 (3): 1161–1168. Bibcode:1999AJ....118.1161T. doi:10.1086/301019. ISSN 0004-6256.
  2. ^ Tornikoski, M.; Jussila, I.; Johansson, P.; Lainela, M.; Valtaoja, E. (March 2001). "Radio Spectra and Variability of Gigahertz-Peaked Spectrum Radio Sources and Candidates". The Astronomical Journal. 121 (3): 1306–1318. Bibcode:2001AJ....121.1306T. doi:10.1086/319417. ISSN 0004-6256.
  3. ^ Browne, I. W. A.; Savage, A.; Bolton, J. G. (1975-10-01). "Redshifts for southern quasars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 173: 87P–91. doi:10.1093/mnras/173.1.87P. ISSN 0035-8711.
  4. ^ Cutini, Sara; Bartolini, Chiara (2023-09-01). "Fermi LAT detection of renewed gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ PKS 2255-282". The Astronomer's Telegram. 16241: 1. Bibcode:2023ATel16241....1C.
  5. ^ Torniainen, I.; Tornikoski, M.; Teräsranta, H.; Aller, M. F.; Aller, H. D. (2005-05-13). "Long term variability of gigahertz-peaked spectrum sources and candidates" (PDF). Astronomy & Astrophysics. 435 (3): 839–856. Bibcode:2005A&A...435..839T. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20041886. ISSN 0004-6361.
  6. ^ Dutka, Michael; D`Ammando, Filippo; Ojha, Roopesh (2012-03-01). "Fermi LAT detection of increased gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ PKS 2255-282". The Astronomer's Telegram. 3948: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.3948....1D.
  7. ^ Dutka, Michael; D`Ammando, Filippo; Ojha, Roopesh (2012-03-01). "Fermi LAT detection of increased gamma-ray activity from the FSRQ PKS 2255-282". The Astronomer's Telegram. 3948: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.3948....1D.
  8. ^ Tornikoski, M.; Tingray, S.; King, D. Jauncey; Mucke, A.; Johnston, M. (1999). "Multifrequency behaviour of PKS 2255-282". BL Lac Phenomenon Poster Session, A Conference Held 22–26 June 1998 in Turku, Finland. 159: 305–306. Bibcode:1999ASPC..159..305T.
  9. ^ Macomb, D. J.; Gehrels, N.; Shrader, C. R. (1999-03-10). "A Gamma-Ray Flare from PKS 2255−282". The Astrophysical Journal. 513 (2): 652–655. Bibcode:1999ApJ...513..652M. doi:10.1086/306869. ISSN 0004-637X.
  10. ^ Bertsch, D. (1998-01-01). "PKS 2255-282". International Astronomical Union Circular (6807): 2. Bibcode:1998IAUC.6807....2B. ISSN 0081-0304.
  11. ^ Carrasco, L.; Luna, A.; Mayya, D. Y.; Carraminana, A.; Porras, A.; Recillas, E.; Escobedo, G. (2012-10-01). "NIR Brightening of the Quasar PKS2255-282". The Astronomer's Telegram. 4455: 1. Bibcode:2012ATel.4455....1C.
  12. ^ Zensus, J. A.; Ros, E.; Kellermann, K. I.; Cohen, M. H.; Vermeulen, R. C.; Kadler, M. (August 2002). "Sub-milliarcsecond Imaging of Quasars and Active Galactic Nuclei. II. Additional Sources". The Astronomical Journal. 124 (2): 662–674. arXiv:astro-ph/0205076. Bibcode:2002AJ....124..662Z. doi:10.1086/341585. ISSN 0004-6256.
  13. ^ Tingay, S.J.; Reynolds, J.E.; Tzioumis, A.K.; L. Jauncey, David; Lovell, J.EJ.; Dodson, R.; Costa, M.E.; McCulloch, P.M. (2002). "VSOP Space VLBI and Geodetic VLBI Investigations of Southern Hemisphere Radio Sources". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 141 (2): 311–355. Bibcode:2002ApJS..141..311T. doi:10.1086/340783. hdl:1959.3/2745.
  14. ^ Dodson, R.; Fomalont, E. B.; Wiik, K.; Horiuchi, S.; Hirabayashi, H.; Edwards, P. G.; Murata, Y.; Asaki, Y.; Moellenbrock, G. A.; Scott, W. K.; Taylor, A. R.; Gurvits, L. I.; Paragi, Z.; Frey, S.; Shen, Z.-Q. (April 2008). "The VSOP 5 GHz Active Galactic Nucleus Survey. V. Imaging Results for the Remaining 140 Sources". The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 175 (2): 314–355. arXiv:0710.5707. Bibcode:2008ApJS..175..314D. doi:10.1086/525025. ISSN 0067-0049.
  15. ^ Sharma, Ajay; Banerjee, Anuvab; Das, Avik Kumar; Mandal, Avijit; Bose, Debanjan (2024-10-24). "Detection of a Transient Quasiperiodic Oscillation in γ-Rays from Blazar PKS 2255-282". The Astrophysical Journal. 975 (1): 56. arXiv:2408.13052. Bibcode:2024ApJ...975...56S. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad7391. ISSN 0004-637X.
  16. ^ Hashad, M. A.; EL-Zant, Amr A.; Abdou, Y.; Badran, H. M. (2024-10-31). "Quasiperiodic γ-Ray Modulations in the Blazars PKS 2155-83 and PKS 2255-282". The Astrophysical Journal. 975 (2): 164. arXiv:2409.10622. Bibcode:2024ApJ...975..164H. doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ad7a6e. ISSN 0004-637X.
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