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Ozlem Ayduk
Özlem Ayduk
Born
Turkey
NationalityAmerican
Years active1999–present
Academic background
EducationPh.D.
Alma mater
ThesisImpact of self-control strategies on the link between rejection sensitivity and hostility: Risk negotiation through strategic control. (1999)
Doctoral advisorWalter Mischel
Academic work
DisciplinePsychologist
Sub-disciplineSocial Psychology
InstitutionsU.C. Berkeley

Ozlem Nefise Ayduk (Turkish: Özlem Nefise Ayduk) is an American social psychologist at U.C. Berkeley researching close relationships, emotion regulation, and the development of self-regulation in children.[1] She is a fellow at the Society of Experimental Social Psychology and the Society for Personality and Social Psychology.[2] She has contributed content to several psychology handbooks, dictionaries, and encyclopedias.[3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10]

Early life

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Ayduk became interested in understanding human behavior in middle school when she began reading books on personality and psychopathology.[11] Combined with her longstanding desire to become a scientist, her newfound interest led her to pursue a career in psychology.[11] In 1991, she earned her B.A. in psychology and political science from Boğaziçi University in Istanbul.[2] Moving to America, she earned her M.A. and Ph.D. in psychology from Columbia University in 1995 and 1999, respectively.[2]

Career

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Ayduk worked as a postdoctoral fellow at Columbia University for three years before heading west to California in 2002 to join the U.C. Berkeley department of psychology as an assistant professor.[2] She became an associate professor in 2009, and a full professor in 2015.[2] Ayduk is a co-director of the Relationship and Social Cognition Lab at U.C. Berkeley.[12]

In addition to teaching, Ayduk has been active with professional psychology societies. She is a fellow at the Society of Experimental Social Psychology and served on its executive board (2015–2018).[2] She is also a fellow at the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, where she served on the grant review panel (2016–2017) and a three-year term on the board of directors (2018–2020).[2][13][14]

Research

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Working with Walter Mischel, Ayduk studied the developmental precursors and long-term consequences of children's ability to delay gratification.[1] They conducted multiple follow-up studies to Mischel's 1972 Stanford marshmallow experiment on delayed gratification in children.[15][16][17][18] They found that children in the original experiment who were better at delaying gratification as children were also better able to do so as adults, while those who sought instant gratification still did so as adults.[19][16] Brain imaging of the two groups found differences in the prefrontal cortex and the ventral striatum.[19][16] After twenty years, the children who delayed gratification displayed "more effective, planful, goal-oriented behavior" and had more successful relationships than their peers.[20][21] The children who delayed gratification had lower body mass indexes (BMI) than the others over 30 years later.[18] A longitudinal study of another group of preschoolers using cookies instead of marshmallows found those who delayed gratification were more efficient at responding to targets in a go/no-go task performed 10 years later.[22] They replicated the marshmallow experiment in the late 2010s and found that contrary to the popular expectation that children's attention spans had decreased since the original experiment, the children they studied waited one minute longer on average.[23][24]

Ayduk collaborated with Ethan Kross to study self distancing and emotional regulation by empirically distinguishing adaptive from maladaptive forms of self-reflection.[1] They found indications that people can achieve self distancing by being cued to view their problems through a mental "fly on the wall" perspective.[25][26] Further research found that people are better at giving themselves good advice when they refer to themselves in the third person.[27][26] Monitoring people with an EEG found that emotional stress decreased when they began referring to themselves in the third person.[28][29] fMRI scans showed decreased brain activity when they used their own name instead of the pronoun "I" when recounting emotionally painful past experiences.[28][29]

Studying rejection sensitivity (RS) in women, Ayduk found those with high rejection expectations tend to have more hostile thoughts about, review less favorably, and are more likely to report conflicts with potential romantic partners who reject them.[30] Further research showed women with high RS are more aggressive towards their rejecters and have higher startle responses to images depicting rejection.[31][32] A 6-month longitudinal study found women with high RS are more likely to become depressed after a mutual breakup.[33]

Honors

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Selected bibliography

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Articles

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Books

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  • 2004: Current directions in personality psychology. Pearson Prentice Hall[36]
  • 2007: Introduction to personality: Toward an integrative science of the person (8th edition). Wiley[37]

Research papers

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Self-distancing & emotion regulation

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  • 2005: "When asking 'why' doesn’t hurt: Distinguishing rumination from reflective processing of negative emotions". Psychological Science[38]
  • 2010: "From a distance: Implications of spontaneous self-distancing for adaptive self-reflection". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology[39]
  • 2014: "Self-Talk as a Regulatory Mechanism: How You Do It Matters". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology[27]
  • 2015: "This too shall pass: Temporal Distance and the Regulation of Emotions". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology[40]
  • 2018: "Self Distancing: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications". In International Handbook of Self-Control in Health and Well Being. Routledge[7]

Self regulation, delay of gratification

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Rejection sensitivity, close relationships

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  • 1999: "Does rejection elicit hostility in rejection sensitive women?". Social Cognition[30]
  • 2001: "Rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms in women". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin[33]
  • 2002: "Attentional mechanisms linking rejection to hostile reactivity: The role of 'hot' vs. 'cool' focus". Psychological Science[41]
  • 2007: "Defensive physiological reactions to rejection: the effect of self-esteem and attentional control on startle responses". Psychological Science[32]
  • 2008: "Individual differences in the rejection-aggression link in the hot sauce paradigm: The case of Rejection Sensitivity". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology[31]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c "Ozlem Ayduk". Department of Psychology, U.C. Berkeley. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l "Özlem Ayduk: Background". Society for Personality and Social Psychology. March 24, 2017. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  3. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem (2009). "Person-Situation interaction". In Matsumoto, David (ed.). Cambridge Dictionary of Psychology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. pp. 379–381. ISBN 978-0-521-67100-2. LCCN 2008037677.
  4. ^ Mischel, Walter; Ayduk, Ozlem (2011). "Willpower in a Cognitive-Affective Processing System: The dynamics of delay of gratification". In Vohs, Kathleen; Baumeister, Roy F. (eds.). Handbook of self-regulation: Research, Theory, and Application (2nd ed.). New York: Guilford Press. ISBN 978-1606239483. LCCN 2010009381.
  5. ^ a b Luerssen, Anna; Ayduk, Ozlem (2014). "The role of emotion and emotion regulation in the ability to delay gratification". In Gross, James J. (ed.). Handbook of Emotion Regulation (2nd ed.). New York City: Guilford Press. pp. 111–125. ISBN 978-1-4625-0350-6. LCCN 2013043869.
  6. ^ Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo; Ayduk, Ozlem (2015). "Co-engagement, co-construction, co-evocation: Three principles to bridge relationships and social cognition". In Mikulincer, Mario; Shaver, Phillip (eds.). APA Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology. Washington, D.C.: American Psychological Association. ISBN 978-1433816994. LCCN 2013039784.
  7. ^ a b Ayduk, Özlem; Kross, Ethan (2018). "Self Distancing: Basic Mechanisms and Clinical Implications". In de Ridder, Denise; Adriaanse, Marieke; Fujita, Kentaro (eds.). International Handbook of Self-Control in Health and Well Being. Abingdon, Oxon, U.K.: Routledge. pp. 377–389. ISBN 978-1-138-12386-1. LCCN 2017048666.
  8. ^ Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo; Leitner, Jordan B.; Ayduk, Ozlem (2018). "Personality and social interaction: Interpretation processes". In Deaux, Kay; Snyder, Mark (eds.). Oxford Handbook of Personality and Social Psychology (2nd ed.). New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 513–539. ISBN 9780190224837. LCCN 2017040918.
  9. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem; Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo (2021). "A Cognitive-Affective Processing System Approach to Personality Dispositions: Rejection Sensitivity as an Illustrative Case Study". In John, Oliver P.; Robbins, Richard W. (eds.). Handbook of Personality: Theory & Research (Fourth ed.). New York City: Guilford Press. pp. 411–425. ISBN 9781462544950. LCCN 2020042618.
  10. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem; Gyurak, A. (2008). "Relationship Satisfaction". In Darity, William A. (ed.). International Encyclopedia of the Social Sciences. Vol. 7. Detroit: Macmillan Reference. ISBN 9780028659725. LCCN 2007031829.
  11. ^ a b Ayduk, Ozlem (November 10, 2016). "Ozlem Ayduk". Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  12. ^ "RASCL: Relationship and Social Cognition Lab". University of California, Berkeley. March 12, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  13. ^ "Leadership". Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  14. ^ a b "Fellowship". Society for Personality and Social Psychology. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  15. ^ a b Mischel, Walter; Ayduk, Ozlem; Berman, Marc G.; Casey, B. J.; Gotlib, Ian H.; Jonides, John; Kross, Ethan; Teslovich, Theresa; Wilson, Nicole L.; Zayas, Vivian; Shoda, Yuichi (April 2011). "'Willpower' over the lifespan: decomposing self-regulation". Social Cognitive and Affective Neuroscience. 6 (2): 252–256. doi:10.1093/scan/nsq081. PMC 3073393. PMID 20855294. S2CID 9602346.
  16. ^ a b c d Casey, B. J.; Somerville, Leah H.; Gotlib, Ian H.; Ayduk, Ozlem; Franklin, Nicholas T.; Askren, Mary K.; Jonides, John; Berman, Mark G.; Wilson, Nicole L.; Teslovich, Theresa; Glover, Gary; Zayas, Vivian; Mischel, Walter; Shoda, Yuichi (August 29, 2011). "Behavioral and neural correlates of delay of gratification 40 years later". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 108 (36): 14998–15003. Bibcode:2011PNAS..10814998C. doi:10.1073/pnas.1108561108. ISSN 0027-8424. PMC 3169162. PMID 21876169.
  17. ^ a b Ayduk, Ozlem N.; Mendoza-Denton, Rodolfo; Mischel, Walter; Downey, Geraldine; Peake, Philip K.; Rodriguez, Monica L. (2000). "Regulating the interpersonal self: Strategic self-regulation for coping with rejection sensitivity". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 79 (5): 776–792. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.334.5423. doi:10.1037/0022-3514.79.5.776. PMID 11079241. S2CID 6345213.
  18. ^ a b c Schlam, Tanya R.; Wilson, Nicole L.; Shoda, Yuichi; Mischel, Walter; Ayduk, Ozlem (2013). "Preschoolers' delay of gratification predicts their body mass 30 years later". The Journal of Pediatrics. 162 (1): 90–93. doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2012.06.049. PMC 3504645. PMID 22906511.
  19. ^ a b "Marshmallow test points to biological basis for delayed gratification". ScienceDaily. September 1, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2021.
  20. ^ Shea, Christopher (June 29, 2003). "Is there a stupidity quotient?". Critical Faculties. The Boston Globe. Vol. 263, no. 180. p. D3. Retrieved April 7, 2021 – via Newspapers.com.
  21. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem; Mischel, Walter (2002). "When Smart People Behave Stupidly: Reconciling Inconsistencies in Social-Emotional Intelligence". In Sternberg, Robert J. (ed.). Why smart people can be so stupid. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press. pp. 86–105. ISBN 0-300-09033-1. LCCN 2001005846.
  22. ^ Eigste, Inge-Marie; Zayas, Vivian; Mischel, Walter; Shoda, Yuichi; Ayduk, Ozlem; Dadlani, Mamta B.; Davidson, Matthew C.; Aber, J. Lawrence; Casey, B.J. (2006). "Predicting Cognitive Control From Preschool to Late Adolescence and Young Adulthood" (PDF). Psychological Science. 17 (6): 478–484. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01732.x. PMID 16771797. S2CID 4508299. Archived from the original (PDF) on June 22, 2007.
  23. ^ "Research Spotlight: Cohort Effects in Children's Delay-of-Gratification". Human Capital and Economic Opportunity Global Working Group. August 7, 2018. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  24. ^ Carlson, Stephani M.; Shoda, Yuichi; Ayduk, Ozlem; Aber, Lawrence; Schaefer, Catherine; Sethi, Anita; Wilson, Nicole; Peake, Philip K.; Mischel, Walter (June 2018). "Cohort Effects in Children's Delay of Gratification" (PDF). Developmental Psychology. 54 (8): 1395–1407. doi:10.1037/dev0000533. PMID 29939038. S2CID 49421517.
  25. ^ Kross, Ethan; Ayduk, Ozlem (May 24, 2011). "Making Meaning out of Negative Experiences by Self-Distancing" (PDF). Current Directions in Psychological Science. 20 (3): 187–191. doi:10.1177/0963721411408883. S2CID 1013082.
  26. ^ a b c Ayduk, Ozlem; Kross, Ethan (February 6, 2015). "Pronouns Matter when Psyching Yourself Up". Harvard Business Review. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  27. ^ a b Kross, Ethan; Bruehlman-Senecal, Emma; Park, Jiyoung; Burson, Aleah; Dougherty, Adrienne; Shablack, Holly; Bremmer, Ryan; Moser, Jason; Ayduk, Ozlem (February 2014). "Self-Talk as a Regulatory Mechanism: How You Do It Matters". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 106 (2): 304–324. doi:10.1037/a0035173. PMID 24467424.
  28. ^ a b Bergland, Christopher (July 28, 2017). "Silent Third Person Self-Talk Facilitates Emotion Regulation". Psychology Today. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  29. ^ a b Moser, Jason; Dougherty, Adrienne; Mattson, Whitney I.; Katz, Benjamin; Moran, Tim P.; Geuvarra, Darwin; Shablack, Holly; Ayduk, Ozlem; Jonides, John; Berman, Marc G.; Kross, Ethan (July 3, 2017). "Third-person self-talk facilitates emotion regulation without engaging cognitive control: Converging evidence from ERP and fMRI" (PDF). Scientific Reports. 7 (1): 4519. Bibcode:2017NatSR...7.4519M. doi:10.1038/s41598-017-04047-3. PMC 5495792. PMID 28674404.
  30. ^ a b Ayduk, Ozlem; Downey, Geraldine; Testa, Alessandra; Yen, Ying; Shoda, Yuichi (1999). "Does rejection elicit hostility in rejection sensitive women?" (PDF). Social Cognition. 17 (2): 245–271. doi:10.1521/SOCO.1999.17.2.245.
  31. ^ a b Ayduk, Ozlem; Gyurak, Anett; Luerssen, Anna (May 2008). "Individual differences in the rejection-aggression link in the hot sauce paradigm: The case of Rejection Sensitivity". Journal of Experimental Social Psychology. 44 (3): 775–782. doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2007.07.004. PMC 2836513. PMID 20228947.
  32. ^ a b Gyurak, Anett; Ayduk, Ozlem (October 2007). "Defensive physiological reactions to rejection: the effect of self-esteem and attentional control on startle responses". Psychological Science. 18 (10): 886–892. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2007.01996.x. PMC 4175371. PMID 17894606.
  33. ^ a b Ayduk, Ozlem; Downey, Geraldine; Kim, Minji (July 2001). "Rejection sensitivity and depressive symptoms in women". Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin. 27 (7): 868–877. doi:10.1177/0146167201277009. S2CID 4534242.
  34. ^ "Olzem Ayduk". Hellman Fellows Fund. Retrieved March 24, 2021.
  35. ^ "Association for Psychological Science: APS Fellows". Association for Psychological Science. Archived from the original on August 16, 2013. Retrieved April 8, 2021.
  36. ^ Morf, Carolyn; Ayduk, Ozlem, eds. (2004). Current directions in personality psychology. New Jersey: Pearson Prentice Hall. ISBN 978-0131919891. LCCN 2005271163.
  37. ^ Mischel, Walter; Shoda, Yuichi; Ayduk, Ozlem (2007). Introduction to Personality: Toward an Integrative Science of the Person (8th ed.). New York: Wiley. ISBN 978-0470-08765-7. LCCN 2007278070.
  38. ^ Kross, Ethan; Ayduk, Ozlem; Mischel, Walter (September 2005). "When asking 'why' doesn't hurt: Distinguishing rumination from reflective processing of negative emotions". Psychological Science. 16 (9): 709–715. doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2005.01600.x. PMID 16137257. S2CID 7006932.
  39. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem; Kross, Ethan (May 2010). "From a distance: Implications of spontaneous self-distancing for adaptive self-reflection". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 98 (5): 809–829. doi:10.1037/a0019205. PMC 2881638. PMID 20438226.
  40. ^ Bruelman-Senecal, Emma; Ayduk, Ozlem (February 2015). "This too shall pass: Temporal Distance and the Regulation of Emotions". Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. 108 (2): 356–375. doi:10.1037/a0038324. PMID 25603380.
  41. ^ Ayduk, Ozlem; Mischel, Walter; Downey, Geraldine (September 2002). "Attentional mechanisms linking rejection to hostile reactivity: The role of 'hot' vs. 'cool' focus". Psychological Science. 13 (5): 443–448. doi:10.1111/1467-9280.00478. PMID 12219811. S2CID 4536231.
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