Outline of fish
The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to fish:
Fish – any member of a paraphyletic group of organisms that consist of all gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish, as well as various extinct related groups. Most fish are ectothermic ("cold-blooded"), allowing their body temperatures to vary as ambient temperatures change, though some of the large active swimmers like white shark and tuna can hold a higher core temperature.[1][2] Fish are abundant in most bodies of water. They can be found in nearly all aquatic environments, from high mountain streams (e.g., char and gudgeon) to the abyssal and even hadal depths of the deepest oceans (e.g., cusk-eel and snailfish). At 32,000 species, fish exhibit greater species diversity than any other group of vertebrates.[3]
What type of things are fish?
[edit]Fish can be described as all of the following:
- Natural resource – Resources that exist without actions of humankind.
- Organism – Individual living life forms
- Animal – Kingdom of living thingss
- Vertebrate – Subphylum of chordates with backboness
- Seafood – Food from the sea
- Animal – Kingdom of living thingss
- Organism – Individual living life forms
Types of fish
[edit]- List of fish common names – List of common names used to refer to fish
- List of fish families
- Predatory fish – Hypercarnivorous fish that actively prey upon other fish
- Forage fish – Small prey fish
- Demersal fish – Fish that live and feed on or near the bottom of seas or lakes
- Other types
- Aquarium fish
- Bait fish – Fish used as bait to attract predatory fish
- Coarse fish – Rough fish
- Farmed fish – Fish raised commercially in enclosures
- Game fish – Popular fish targeted in recreational fishing
- Oily fish – Fish species with oils in their tissues and coelom
- Rough fish – Fish considered less desirable to some anglers
- Whitefish – Several species of demersal fish with fins
History of fish
[edit]Evolution of fish
[edit]Fish biology
[edit]Fish anatomy
[edit]- Ampullae of Lorenzini
- Anguilliformity
- Barbel
- Dorsal fin
- Electroreception
- Gill
- Gill raker
- Gill slit
- Glossohyal
- Hyomandibula
- Lateral line
- Leydig's organ
- Mauthner cell
- Otolith
- Operculum
- Pharyngeal teeth
- Photophore
- Pseudobranch
- Scales
- Shark cartilage
- Shark tooth
- Swim bladder
- Vision
- Weberian apparatus
Fish reproduction
[edit]Fish reproduction – Reproductive physiology of fishes
- Bubble nest – Nest built by some fish and frog species to protect their eggs
- Clasper – Male anatomical structure found in some groups of animals, used in mating
- Egg case – Natural collagen casing found encompassing some aquatic lifeforms' fertilized eggs
- Fish development
- Ichthyoplankton – Eggs and larvae of fish that drift in the water column
- Milt – Fish seminal fluid and sacs
- Mouthbrooder – Animal that cares for its offspring by holding them its mouth
- Roe – Egg masses of fish and seafood
- Spawning – Eggs and sperm released into water
- Spawning trigger – Environmental cues that cause marine animals to breed.
Fish locomotion
[edit]Fish behavior
[edit]- Aquatic predation
- Bait ball
- Bottom feeders
- Cleaner fish
- Diel vertical migration
- Electric fish
- Filter feeders
- Forage fish
- Hallucinogenic fish
- Migrating fish
- Paedophagy
- Pain in fish
- Predatory fish
- Salmon run
- Sardine run
- Scale eaters
- Schooling fish
- Venomous fish
Fish habitats
[edit]- Coastal fish
- Coldwater fish
- Coral reef fish
- Deep sea fish
- Demersal fish
- Freshwater fish
- Groundfish
- Marine habitats
- Pelagic fish
- Tropical fish
- Wild fish
Fish as a resource
[edit]Fish conservation
[edit]Fish-related recreation
[edit]Fish-related organizations
[edit]- American Society of Ichthyologists and Herpetologists
- Gilbert Ichthyological Society
- Ichthyological Society of Hong Kong
- National Fish Habitat Initiative
- North American Native Fishes Association
Fish-related publications
[edit]People influential in relation to fish
[edit]- Jacques Cousteau
- William Beebe
- Edwin Philip Pister
- Carl Leavitt Hubbs
- David Starr Jordan
- Louis Agassiz
- Robert Rush Miller
- Wendell L. Minckley
See also
[edit]- Public aquarium
- Aquarium
- Catch and release
- Deep sea fish
- Digital Fish Library
- Fish development
- Fishkeeping
- Forage fish
- Ichthyology
- Marine biology
- Marine vertebrates
- Fear of fish
- Fish kill
- FishBase
- Genetically modified fish
- Schreckstoff
References
[edit]- ^ Goldman, K.J. (1997). "Regulation of body temperature in the white shark, Carcharodon carcharias". Journal of Comparative Physiology. B Biochemical Systemic and Environmental Physiology. 167 (6): 423–429. doi:10.1007/s003600050092. S2CID 28082417. Archived from the original on 6 April 2012. Retrieved 12 October 2011.
- ^ Carey, F.G.; Lawson, K.D. (1 February 1973). "Temperature regulation in free-swimming bluefin tuna". Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology A. 44 (2): 375–392. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(73)90490-8. PMID 4145757.
- ^ FishBase: February 2011 Update. Retrieved 24 May 2011.
External links
[edit]- ANGFA – Illustrated database of freshwater fishes of Australia and New Guinea
- Fischinfos.de – Illustrated database of the freshwater fishes of Germany (in German) (archived)
- FishBase online – Comprehensive database with information on over 29,000 fish species
- Fisheries and Illinois Aquaculture Center – Data outlet for fisheries and aquaculture research center in the central US (archived)
- Philippines Fishes – Database with thousands of Philippine Fishes photographed in natural habitat
- The Native Fish Conservancy – Conservation and study of North American freshwater fishes
- United Nations – Fisheries and Aquaculture Department: Fish and seafood utilization
- University of Washington Libraries Digital Collections – Digital collection of freshwater and marine fish images