Outline of association football

The following outline is provided as an overview of and topical guide to association football:

Association football – sport played between two teams of eleven players with a spherical ball. At the turn of the 21st century, the game was played by over 250 million players in over 200 countries, making it the world's most popular sport.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4] More commonly known as football or soccer.

What type of thing is association football?

Association football can be described as all of the following:

Exercise – bodily activity that enhances or maintains physical fitness and overall health or wellness.
- Aerobic exercise – physical exercise that intends to improve the oxygen system.^[5] Aerobic means "with oxygen", and refers to the use of oxygen in the body's energy-generating process (the citric acid cycle).
Game – structured activity, usually undertaken for enjoyment and sometimes used as an educational tool. Games are distinct from work, which is usually carried out for remuneration, and from art, which is more concerned with the expression of ideas. However, the distinction is not clear-cut, and many games are also considered to be work (such as professional sports).
- Ball game – game played with a ball.
  - A type of football – sport that involves kicking a ball with the foot to score a goal.
Sport – form of physical activity which, through casual or organised participation, aim to use, maintain or improve physical fitness and provide entertainment to participants.
- Competitive sport – sport in which one or more participants or teams compete against one another. The one that is the most successful in achieving the objective of the game or sport event is the winner.
  - A type of football – sport that involves kicking a ball with the foot to score a goal.
- Goal sport – sport in which an attacking team must send a ball or puck into a physical structure or area called a "goal" in order to score points.
- Team sport – sport that involves players working together towards a shared objective.
- Recreational sport – sport engaged in as a leisure time activity.
- Spectator sport – sport that is characterized by the presence of spectators, or watchers, at its matches. Spectator sports are a form of entertainment.
- Professional sport – sport in which the athletes receive payment for their performance.

Names for association football

football
- futbol
- futboll
- fotbal
soccer

Equipment

Association football pitch – playing field.
Football – ball used in the sport of association football. The ball's spherical shape, as well as its size, weight, and material composition, are specified by Law 2 of the Laws of the Game maintained by the International Football Association Board.
Kit – standard equipment and attire worn by players.
- Basic:
  - jersey
  - shorts
  - socks
  - footwear
  - shin pads

Rules of the game

Laws of the Game – the rules.

Law 1: The Field of Play
Law 2: The Ball
Law 3: The Number of Players
Law 4: The Players' Equipment
Law 5: The Referee
Law 6: The Assistant Referees
Law 7: The Duration of the Match
Law 8: The Start and Restart of Play
Law 9: The Ball in and Out of Play
Law 10: The Method of Scoring
Law 11: Offside
Law 12: Fouls and Misconduct
Law 13: Free kicks (direct and indirect)
Law 14: The Penalty Kick
Law 15: The Throw-In
Law 16: The Goal Kick
Law 17: Corner kick

Variants of association football

Crab football
Jorkyball
Powerchair football
Swamp football
Three-sided football
Walking football
Beach soccer – football played on sand, also known as sand soccer
Freestyle Football – modern take on Keepie uppie where freestylers are graded for their entertainment value and expression of skill.
Indoor varieties of Association football:
- Five-a-side football – played throughout the world under various rules including:
  - Futsal ('futebol de salão') – the FIFA-approved Five-a-side indoor game
- Indoor soccer – the six-a-side indoor game as played in North America
Keepie uppie – art of juggling with a football using feet, knees, chest, shoulders, and head.
- Footbag – small bean bag or sand bag used as a ball in a number of keepie uppie variations such as hacky sack.
Paralympic Football – modified association football for disabled competitors.
Rush goalie – variation of football in which the role of the goalkeeper is more flexible than normal.
Street football – encompasses a number of informal varieties of football.
Women's association football – played with the exact same rules and equipment as men's football.

Gameplay

Strategy

Tactics and techniques

Association football tactics and skills

Association football teams

History of association football

History of association football, by period

By year

1840s · 1850s · 1860s
1870 · 1871 · 1872 · 1873 · 1874 · 1875 · 1876 · 1877 · 1878 · 1879
1880 · 1881 · 1882 · 1883 · 1884 · 1885 · 1886 · 1887 · 1888 · 1889
1890 · 1891 · 1892 · 1893 · 1894 · 1895 · 1896 · 1897 · 1898 · 1899
1900 · 1901 · 1902 · 1903 · 1904 · 1905 · 1906 · 1907 · 1908 · 1909
1910 · 1911 · 1912 · 1913 · 1914 · 1915 · 1916 · 1917 · 1918 · 1919
1920 · 1921 · 1922 · 1923 · 1924 · 1925 · 1926 · 1927 · 1928 · 1929
1930 · 1931 · 1932 · 1933 · 1934 · 1935 · 1936 · 1937 · 1938 · 1939
1940 · 1941 · 1942 · 1943 · 1944 · 1945 · 1946 · 1947 · 1948 · 1949
1950 · 1951 · 1952 · 1953 · 1954 · 1955 · 1956 · 1957 · 1958 · 1959
1960 · 1961 · 1962 · 1963 · 1964 · 1965 · 1966 · 1967 · 1968 · 1969
1970 · 1971 · 1972 · 1973 · 1974 · 1975 · 1976 · 1977 · 1978 · 1979
1980 · 1981 · 1982 · 1983 · 1984 · 1985 · 1986 · 1987 · 1988 · 1989
1990 · 1991 · 1992 · 1993 · 1994 · 1995 · 1996 · 1997 · 1998 · 1999
2000 · 2001 · 2002 · 2003 · 2004 · 2005 · 2006 · 2007 · 2008 · 2009
2010 · 2011 · 2012 · 2013 · 2014 · 2015 · 2016 · 2017 · 2018 · 2019
2020

History of association football, by region

History of association football, by subject

Association football culture

Professionalism in association football

Association football around the world

Names for association football (what it is called, where)
List of association football stadiums by country

Association football organizations

Association football competitions

International competitions

List of association football competitions

Domestic competitions

Governing bodies

Association football publications

Persons influential in association football

Contributors

Players

Coaches

References

^ "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2008-06-04.
^ Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". In Eric Dunning; Joseph A. Maguire; Robert E. Pearton (eds.). The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport
^ Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport
^ Mueller, Frederick; Cantu, Robert; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels
^ Concise Oxford English Dictionary (Eleventh Edition)

External links

[EB-1] "Overview of Soccer". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 2008-06-04.

[2] Guttman, Allen (1993). "The Diffusion of Sports and the Problem of Cultural Imperialism". In Eric Dunning; Joseph A. Maguire; Robert E. Pearton (eds.). The Sports Process: A Comparative and Developmental Approach. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 129. ISBN 0-88011-624-2. the game is complex enough not to be invented independently by many preliterate cultures and yet simple enough to become the world's most popular team sport

[3] Dunning, Eric (1999). "The development of soccer as a world game". Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. p. 103. ISBN 0-415-06413-9. During the twentieth century, soccer emerged as the world's most popular team sport

[4] Mueller, Frederick; Cantu, Robert; Van Camp, Steven (1996). "Team Sports". Catastrophic Injuries in High School and College Sports. Champaign: Human Kinetics. p. 57. ISBN 0-87322-674-7. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world and is an industry worth over US$400 billion world wide. 80% of this is generated in Europe, though its popularity is growing in the United States. It has been estimated that there were 22 million soccer players in the world in the early 1980s, and that number is increasing. In the United States soccer is now a major sport at both the high school and college levels

[5] Concise Oxford English Dictionary (Eleventh Edition)

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v t e Laws of the Game (rules of association football)
Terms	Law 1: The Field of Play Law 2: The Ball Law 3: The Number of Players Law 4: The Players' Equipment Law 5: The Referee Law 6: The Other Match Officials Law 7: The Duration of the Match Law 8: The Start and Restart of Play Law 9: The Ball In and Out of Play Law 10: Determining the Outcome of a Match (scoring) Law 11: Offside Law 12: Fouls and Misconduct Law 13: The Free Kick Law 14: The Penalty Kick Law 15: The Throw-In Law 16: The Goal Kick Law 17: The Corner Kick
Comparisons	Football and rugby union Football and futsal
IFAB	The Football Association Scottish Football Association Football Association of Wales Irish Football Association FIFA
Related	Sheffield Rules Cambridge rules

v t e Association football terminology
Terms	Expected goals Formations Laws Media Positions Tactics Variants Comparison with futsal
Philosophy	Anti-football Total Football Catenaccio Tiki-taka Zona mista
Advanced skills	Behind the leg flip flap Bicycle kick Cruyff turn Curl Flip flap Keepie uppie Marseille turn Nutmeg Panenka Rabona Rainbow kick Runaround move Scorpion kick Seal dribble Step over Volley
Nicknames	National teams Africa Asia Europe North America Oceania South America Non-FIFA and former

v t e Fanaticism in association football
Music, chants and sounds	Chants Songs dedicated to football Vuvuzelas Viking Thunder Clap
Organised supporters	Barra brava Curva Hooliganism Torcida organizada Tifosi Ultras
Other articles	Church of Maradona Makarapa Sistine Chapel of Football

v t e International association football
FIFA Federations Teams Competitions World Rankings The Best FIFA Football Awards Timeline
World (FIFA)	FIFA World Cup U-20 U-17 FIFA Confederations Cup FIFA Gold Cup Olympic Games Youth Olympic Games
Asia (AFC)	AFC Asian Cup U-23 U-20 U-17 AFC Challenge Cup AFC Solidarity Cup Asian Games Regional ASEAN CAFA EAFF SAFF WAFF Arabian Gulf Cup East Asian Games Far Eastern Games South Asian Games Southeast Asian Games West Asian Games
Africa (CAF)	CAF Africa Cup of Nations U-23 U-20 U-17 CAF African Nations Championship African Games Regional CECAFA COSAFA UNIFFAC WAFU Central African Games Indian Ocean Island Games
North America (CONCACAF)	CONCACAF Gold Cup U-23 U-20 U-17 U-15 CONCACAF Championship CONCACAF Nations League CONCACAF Cup NAFC Championship CCCF Championship Central America and Caribbean Games Regional North American Nations Cup Copa Centroamericana CFU Championship Caribbean Cup LIFA Cup WIFA Cup Central America Games
South America (CONMEBOL)	CONMEBOL Copa América U-23 U-20 U-17 U-15 South American Games Regional Bolivarian Games
Oceania (OFC)	OFC Nations Cup U-23 U-19 U-17 Regional Melanesia Cup Polynesia Cup Pacific Games Pacific Mini Games
Europe (UEFA)	UEFA European Championship U-21 U-19 U-17 UEFA Nations League Regional Central European Cup Balkan Cup Baltic Cup British Home Championship Nordic Championship
Inter-Continental	CONMEBOL–UEFA Cup of Champions CPF Panamerican Championship CAF-AFC Afro-Asian Cup of Nations AFC–OFC Challenge Cup FIFA Arab Cup Palestine Cup Kuneitra Cup Overseas Cup Afro-Asian Games Arab Games Francophone Games GANEFO Goodwill Games Islamic Games Islamic Solidarity Games Lusofonia Games Mediterranean Cup Mediterranean Games Pan American Games
Non-FIFA	CONIFA World Football Cup CONIFA European Football Cup CONIFA South America Football Cup CONIFA Africa Football Cup FIFI Wild Cup UIAFA Great European Tournament Island Games Micronesian Games Universiade World Unity Football Alliance
See also Geography Codes Player/Club of the Century Women's football

v t e Top-level football leagues of Asia (AFC)
Current	Afghanistan Australia Bahrain Bangladesh Bhutan Brunei Cambodia China East Timor Guam Hong Kong India Indonesia Iran Iraq Japan Jordan Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Laos Lebanon Macau Malaysia Maldives Mongolia Myanmar Nepal North Korea Northern Mariana Islands^† Oman Pakistan Palestine Gaza Strip West Bank Philippines Qatar Saudi Arabia Singapore South Korea Sri Lanka Syria Taiwan Tajikistan Thailand Turkmenistan United Arab Emirates Uzbekistan Vietnam Yemen
Defunct	North Vietnam South Vietnam South Yemen
^† Associated members

v t e Top-level football leagues of Oceania (OFC)
Current	American Samoa Cook Islands Fiji Kiribati^† New Caledonia New Zealand Niue^† Papua New Guinea Samoa Solomon Islands Tahiti Tonga Tuvalu^† Vanuatu (Port Vila, rest of country)
Non-recognized	Palau
^† Associated members