Otoglossum

Otoglossum
	Otoglossum harlingii
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Epidendroideae
Tribe:	Cymbidieae
Subtribe:	Oncidiinae
Genus:	Otoglossum; (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst.
Type species
	Otoglossum hoppii;
Synonyms
	Brevilongium Christenson; Ecuadorella Dodson & G.A.Romero;

Otoglossum is a genus of flowering plants from the orchid family, Orchidaceae, native to South America and Central America.^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]

Description

They are plants of ovoid pseudobulbs spaced in long, along a creeping or ascending upward rhizomes, with thick and tanned leathery leaves. The inflorescence is axillary, racemosa, erect, starting from the sheaths of the pseudobulbs, racemous, erect, with many rather large and wavy or curly, rounded flowers.

The petals and sepals have similar shapes and sizes, with very frizzy, oval, large margins, somewhat concave. The lip is inserted at the base of the column. The spine is short, sometimes with dorsal calluses. The spine is short, apodes, sometimes with dorsal calluses before the stigmatic cavity, small wings or auricles, and terminal anther somewhat inserted under the terminal margins of the spine.

Taxonomy

In 2001 Mark W. Chase and Norris Williams subordinated the Oncidium section Serpentia to Otoglossum. The species in this section, Oncidium serpens, Oncidium sanctipauli, Oncidium harlingii and Oncidium globuliferum, have few and widely spaced flowers at first glance, very similar to those of Oncidium varicosum, long repeating rhizomes like those of Rodriguezia, show frequent sprouting of new plants in the nodules of ancient floral stems, and morphologically have little in common with Otoglossum other than the scandal habit.

Species

Section	Name	Distribution	Elevation (m)
section Otoglossum	Otoglossum arminii (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.	Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil	1,800–2,700 metres (5,900–8,900 ft)
	Otoglossum axinopterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.	Ecuador	500–2,500 metres (1,600–8,200 ft)
	Otoglossum brachypterum (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.	Peru
	Otoglossum candelabrum (Linden ex Pérot) Jenny & Garay	Colombia, Ecuador	1,500–1,600 metres (4,900–5,200 ft)
	Otoglossum chiriquense (Rchb.f.) Garay & Dunst.	Costa Rica, Panama	800–3,000 metres (2,600–9,800 ft)
	Otoglossum dayanum (Rchb.f.) Jenny & Garay	Peru
	Otoglossum hoppii (Schltr.) Garay & Dunst.	Colombia
	Otoglossum virolinense P.Ortiz & Jenny	Colombia	2,400 metres (7,900 ft)
	Otoglossum weberbauerianum (Kraenzl.) Garay & Dunst.	Peru	2,000–2,300 metres (6,600–7,500 ft)
section Brevilongium	Otoglossum brevifolium (Lindl.) Garay & Dunst.	Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia	900–2,800 metres (3,000–9,200 ft)
	Otoglossum harlingii (Stacy) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase	Ecuador	1,800–3,100 metres (5,900–10,200 ft)
	Otoglossum globuliferum (Kunth) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase	Costa Rica, Panama, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru	400–2,400 metres (1,300–7,900 ft)
	Otoglossum palaciosii (Dodson) M.W.Chase & N.H.Williams	Ecuador	1,650 metres (5,410 ft)
	Otoglossum sancti-pauli (Kraenzl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase	Colombia, Venezuela	1,100–1,300 metres (3,600–4,300 ft)
	Otoglossum scansor (Rchb.f.) Carnevali & I.Ramírez in J.A.Steyermark & al.	Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil	750–1,950 metres (2,460–6,400 ft)
	Otoglossum serpens (Lindl.) N.H.Williams & M.W.Chase	Colombia, Ecuador, Peru	1,500–2,700 metres (4,900–8,900 ft)

Distribution

Otoglossum, according to its new definition already expanded to include the aforementioned section of Oncidium, then groups about thirteen epiphytic species, occasionally terrestrial, in rule of scandal growth, that inhabit humid, fresh and cold mountainous areas from Costa Rica to Peru until the altitude of three thousand meters, over trees or rocky escarpments. Three species registered for Brazil, two belonging to the old section of Odontoglossum and one to Oncidium.

References

^ ^a ^b Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families
^ Szlachetko, Dariusz L. & Kolanowska, Marta (2014). "Generic delimitation of the genera Brevilongium and Otoglossum (Orchidaceae) with description of new species from Colombia and Panama". Plant Biosystems. 148 (6): 1148–1159. Bibcode:2014PBios.148.1148S. doi:10.1080/11263504.2014.916363.
^ Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2009). Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 1-585. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.
^ Jenny, R. (2010). Otoglossum, una revisión taxonómica. Orquideología 27: 63-95.

External links

Media related to Otoglossum at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Otoglossum at Wikispecies

[WCSP-1] Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families

[2] Szlachetko, Dariusz L. & Kolanowska, Marta (2014). "Generic delimitation of the genera Brevilongium and Otoglossum (Orchidaceae) with description of new species from Colombia and Panama". Plant Biosystems. 148 (6): 1148–1159. Bibcode:2014PBios.148.1148S. doi:10.1080/11263504.2014.916363.

[3] Pridgeon, A.M., Cribb, P.J., Chase, M.C. & Rasmussen, F.N. (2009). Epidendroideae (Part two). Genera Orchidacearum 5: 1-585. Oxford University Press, New York, Oxford.

[4] Jenny, R. (2010). Otoglossum, una revisión taxonómica. Orquideología 27: 63-95.

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