Oregon Superintendent of Public Instruction
| Oregon Superintendent of Public Instruction | |
|---|---|
 Great Seal of the State of Oregon | |
| Details of Office | |
| Branch | Executive |
| Type | Nonpartisan |
| Selection | Statewide election |
| Term | 4 years |
| Authority | Constitution |
| Established | 1872 |
| Abolished | 2012 |
The Superintendent of Public Instruction, sometimes referred to as the State Superintendent of Schools, was a constitutional office[1] within the executive branch of the Oregon state government from 1872 to 2012, when it was eliminated by state law. The superintendent acted as administrative officer of the State Board of Education and was executive head of the Department of Education. The superintendent was elected by the people of Oregon in a nonpartisan statewide ballot for a term of office of four years.
Duties
[edit]The superintendent's responsibilities included providing leadership for some 551,290 elementary and secondary students in Oregon’s 198 school districts, as well as those enrolled in public preschool programs, the state Schools for the Blind and the Deaf, programs for children with disabilities and education programs for young people in statewide juvenile corrections facilities.[2]
The superintendent had no direct control over policy, which was set by the Board of Education, and which adopts rules affecting local school districts, who are ultimately responsible for establishing policy at the district level.[3] As chief administrator, however, the superintendent had considerable influence on policy through recommendation to the Board, and certification and licensing authority.[2]
As chief administrative officer for the Department of Education, the superintendent oversaw state funding for schools, and made budget recommendations to the governor's office, subject to action by the state legislature.[2]
Office elimination
[edit]As part of a broader education policy overhaul, a 2011 state law eliminated the elected office of Superintendent of Public Instruction and consolidated its functions with the office of Governor.[4][5] Under the current system, the Governor appoints a Deputy Superintendent of Public Instruction to act as day-to-day administrator of the department.[6] The Deputy Superintendent is a professional position, as opposed to an elected position. The appointee must further have at least five years of experience as a school administrator and is subject to approval by the Oregon Senate.[7] The law enacting the change took effect on June 29, 2012, when Susan Castillo, the last person to be elected Superintendent, resigned to take a job in the private sector.[8][9][10]
List of office holders
[edit]The following table lists the twenty individuals who held the office of Superintendent of Public Instruction with dates of service:[11]
| # | Name | Term |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | Sylvester C. Simpson | January 30, 1873 – September 14, 1874[12] |
| 2 | Levi L. Rowland | September 14, 1874 – September 9, 1878[12] |
| 3 | Leonard J. Powell | September 9, 1878 – September 11, 1882[12] |
| 4 | Ebenezer B. McElroy | September 11, 1882 – January 14, 1895[12] |
| 5 | George M. Irwin | January 14, 1895 – January 9, 1899[12] |
| 6 | John H. Ackerman | January 9, 1899 – January 3, 1911 |
| 7 | Lewis R. Alderman | January 4, 1911 – June 28, 1913 |
| 8 | Julius A. Churchill | July 1, 1913 – June 1, 1926 |
| 9 | Richard R. Turner | June 1, 1926 – January 3, 1927 |
| 10 | Charles A. Howard | January 3, 1927 – September 1, 1937 |
| 11 | Rex Putnam | September 1, 1937 – January 31, 1961 |
| 12 | Leon P. Minear | February 1, 1961 – March 31, 1968 |
| 13 | Jesse V. Fasold | April 1, 1968 – July 1, 1968 |
| 14 | Dale Parnell | July 1, 1968 – April 1, 1974 |
| 15 | Jesse V. Fasold | April 1, 1974 – January 6, 1975 |
| 16 | Verne Duncan | January 6, 1975 – November 15, 1989 |
| 17 | John Erickson | December 18, 1989 – September 30, 1990 |
| 18 | Norma Paulus | October 1, 1990 – January 3, 1999 |
| 19 | Stan Bunn | January 4, 1999 – January 5, 2003 |
| 20 | Susan Castillo | January 6, 2003 – June 29, 2012 |
References
[edit]- ^ OR Const. art. VIII.
- ^ a b c "History of Oregon Department of Education Administrative Overview". Oregon State Archives. Oregon Secretary of State. 2007. Retrieved December 5, 2006.
- ^ "Why have this position?". The Register-Guard. August 28, 2005. pp. 2B.
- ^ Melton, Kimberly (April 6, 2011). "Despite some concerns, Oregon Senate passes bill that makes Oregon's governor the schools superintendent". The Oregonian. Retrieved June 24, 2011.
- ^ "State Schools Superintendent to also be the Governor". 1110 KBND. June 23, 2011. Retrieved June 24, 2011.
- ^ The Associated Press (July 13, 2012). "Rob Saxton appointed to key Ore. education post". KATU.com. Retrieved July 29, 2012.
- ^ "Senate Bill 552 (text):Relating to Superintendent of Public Instruction". Oregon Legislative Assembly. Archived from the original on September 14, 2011. Retrieved June 28, 2011.
- ^ Melton, Kimberly (April 6, 2011). "Despite some concerns, Oregon Senate passes bill that makes Oregon's governor the schools superintendent". The Oregonian. Retrieved June 24, 2011.
- ^ "State Schools Superintendent to also be the Governor". 1110 KBND. June 23, 2011. Retrieved June 24, 2011.
- ^ Hammond, Betsy (June 4, 2012). "Oregon Schools Superintendent Susan Castillo to step down". The Oregonian. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
- ^ "Superintendents – Past and Present". Oregon Department of Education (official website). ODE. 2006. Archived from the original on April 26, 2010. Retrieved December 5, 2006.
- ^ a b c d e Kincaid, Harrison Rittenhouse (1899). "Superintendents of Public Instruction". Political and Official History and Register of Oregon. State of Oregon: 10.
