Opisthoteuthis chathamensis
| Opisthoteuthis chathamensis | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Mollusca |
| Class: | Cephalopoda |
| Order: | Octopoda |
| Family: | Opisthoteuthidae |
| Genus: | Opisthoteuthis |
| Species: | O. chathamensis
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| Binomial name | |
| Opisthoteuthis chathamensis O'Shea 1999
| |
Opisthoteuthis chathamensis, commonly known as the roughy umbrella octopus,[2] is a species of cirrate octopus restricted to demersal habitats surrounding the Chatham Rise in New Zealand.[3]
Distribution, description & threats
[edit]
Specimens have been recorded solely on soft sediments from 900–1438 meters deep.[4][5] The type locality of O. chathamensis is near the Chatham Islands at 44°44'S, 77°15'W, 1180 m. The species is known only from this area of the Chatham Rise and off the eastern coast of the North Island of New Zealand.[6] O. chathamensis reaches a maximum length of 18 cm TL, and a mantle length of 5.4 cm.[5] They are described as having subequal arms with around 41-45 suckers in males and 45-55 suckers in females.[6] Their oral surface and the webbing between their tentacles is maroon and the suckers are a pale cream.[7] O. chathamensis is listed as Critically Endangered by the IUCN due to a 70% decrease in population size in recent years, and has not been seen since 1999, when it was a common bycatch species. In addition, their longevity, low fecundity and slow growth (especially embryonic development which lasts 1.4-2.6 years among other species in the genus) has made them particularly susceptible to population declines and slow recoveries.[4][8]
References
[edit]- ^ Lyons, G.; Allcock, L. (2014). "Opisthoteuthis chathamensis". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2014: e.T163144A184253216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T163144A184253216.en. Retrieved 11 November 2021.
- ^ O'Shea, Steve (March 9, 2019). "Deep-sea finned Octopoda of New Zealand". Octopus News Magazine. Archived from the original on September 28, 2020.
- ^ Freeman, DJ; Marshall, BA; Ahyong, ST; Wing, SR; Hitchmough, RA (2009). "Conservation status of New Zealand marine invertebrates". New Zealand Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. 44 (3): 129–148. doi:10.1080/00288330.2010.495373. S2CID 85071841.
...the roughy umbrella octopus Opisthoteuthis chathamensis...
- ^ a b Lyons, G; Allcock, L (2020). "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2020: e.T163144A184253216. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2014-3.RLTS.T163144A184253216.en. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- ^ a b "Opisthoteuthis chathamensis". www.sealifebase.ca. Retrieved January 11, 2021.
- ^ a b "Opisthoteuthis chathamensis". Tree of Life Web Project. 2011. Retrieved 2018-10-27.
- ^ Steve O'Shea; Michael Vecchione; Richard E. Young (2003). "Opisthoteuthis chathamensis: Description Continued". Tree of Life Web Project.
- ^ Collins, Martin; Villanueva, Roger (2006-06-13), "Taxonomy, Ecology And Behaviour Of The Cirrate Octopods", Oceanography and Marine Biology, CRC Press, pp. 277–322, doi:10.1201/9781420006391.ch6, ISBN 9780849370441