Objetivo
| Categories | Film magazine |
|---|---|
| Founder | |
| Founded | 1953 |
| First issue | July 1953 |
| Final issue | September–October 1955 |
| Country | Spain |
| Based in | Madrid |
| Language | Spanish |
Objetivo was a film magazine published between 1953 and 1955 in Madrid, Spain. The magazine was one of the significant publications, which contributed to the struggle for a censorship-free cinema in Francoist Spain.[1] Spanish author Marvin D'Lugo argues that the magazine was very influential during its lifetime despite its short existence and lower levels of circulation.[2]
History and profile
[edit]Objetivo was founded in 1953.[3][4] Based in Madrid, the first issue of the magazine appeared in July 1953.[5] Objetivo was modeled on Italian film magazine Cinema Nuovo.[2][6] The founders were Luis Garcia Berlanga and Juan Antonio Bardem.[4] They were both influenced from Italian neorealism.[4] The financier of the magazine which was linked to the illegal Communist Party[5] was José Ángel Ezcurra, who owned a cultural and political magazine entitled Triunfo.[1]
Objetivo did not conform to Franco's cultural politics.[7] The magazine adopted a social realist approach, which was concerned with the highest ideal of cinema.[2] It mostly featured articles about the Italian neorealism.[7][8] It did not covered Hollywood films, but contained articles on independent American films.[2] Eduardo Ducay published film critics in Objetivo.[9] The other significant contributors included Ricardo Muñoz Suay and Paulino Garagorri.[2] The magazine folded after the publication of the September-October 1955 issue[6] due to the crackdown of the Francoist State.[2][9] Most of its contributors were arrested following the closure of the magazine.[6] During its lifetime Objetivo produced just nine issues.[7]
See also
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ a b Nuria Triana-Toribio (2014). "Film Cultures in Spain's Transition: The "Other" Transition in the Film Magazine Nuevo Fotogramas (1968-1978)". Cultural Studies. 15 (4): 455–474. doi:10.1080/14636204.2014.991486. S2CID 142634911.
- ^ a b c d e f Marvin D'Lugo (1991). The Films of Carlos Saura: The Practice of Seeing. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press. p. 20. ISBN 0-691-00855-8.
- ^ Fernando Ramos Arenas (2017). "Film Clubs and Film Cultural Policies in Spain and the GDR around 1960". Communication & Society. 30 (1). doi:10.15581/003.30.1.1-15.
- ^ a b c Steven Marsh (2005). Popular Spanish Film Under Franco: Comedy and the Weakening of the State. Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 207. ISBN 978-0-230-51187-3.
- ^ a b Ferran Alberich; Román Gubern; Vicente Sánchez-Biosca (2013). "Film Clubs, Festivals, Archives, and Magazines". In Jo Labanyi; Tatjana Pavlović (eds.). A Companion to Spanish Cinema. Chichester, West Sussex: Blackwell Publishing Ltd. pp. 441, 456. doi:10.1002/9781118322765. ISBN 9781405194389.
- ^ a b c Barry Jordan (April 1991). "Culture and Opposition in Franco's Spain: The Reception of Italian Neo-Realist Cinema in the 1950s". European History Quarterly. 21 (2): 231–234. doi:10.1177/026569149102100203.
- ^ a b c Virginia Higginbotham (2014). Spanish Film Under Franco. Austin, TX: University of Texas Press. p. 25. ISBN 978-0-292-76147-6.
- ^ Rosanna Maule (2008). Beyond Auteurism: New Directions in Authorial Film Practices in France, Italy and Spain Since the 1980s. Bristol; Chicago: Intellect Books. p. 37. ISBN 978-1-84150-204-5.
- ^ a b Marvin D'Lugo (1997). Guide to the Cinema of Spain. Westport, CT; London: Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 147. ISBN 978-0-313-29474-7.