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Pennsville Township, New Jersey

Coordinates: 39°37′35″N 75°30′12″W / 39.626341°N 75.503451°W / 39.626341; -75.503451
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Pennsville Township, New Jersey
Township
Finn's Point Rear Range Light
Finn's Point Rear Range Light
Official seal of Pennsville Township, New Jersey
Seal
Pennsville Township highlighted in Salem County. Inset map: Salem County highlighted in New Jersey.
Pennsville Township highlighted in Salem County. Inset map: Salem County highlighted in New Jersey.
map of Pennsville Township, New Jersey
map of Pennsville Township, New Jersey
Pennsville Township is located in Salem County, New Jersey
Pennsville Township
Pennsville Township
Location in Salem County
Pennsville Township is located in New Jersey
Pennsville Township
Pennsville Township
Location in New Jersey
Pennsville Township is located in the United States
Pennsville Township
Pennsville Township
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 39°37′35″N 75°30′12″W / 39.626341°N 75.503451°W / 39.626341; -75.503451[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
County Salem
FormedJuly 10, 1721 as Lower Penns Neck Township
IncorporatedFebruary 21, 1798
RenamedNovember 2, 1965 as Pennsville Township
Named forWilliam Penn
Government
[7]
 • TypeTownship
 • BodyTownship Committee
 • MayorDaniel J. Neu (R, term ends December 31, 2024)[3][4]
 • AdministratorJack Lynch[5]
 • Municipal clerkAngela Foote[6]
Area
[1]
 • Total
24.58 sq mi (63.66 km2)
 • Land21.27 sq mi (55.08 km2)
 • Water3.31 sq mi (8.58 km2)  13.48%
 • Rank111th of 565 in state
7th of 15 in county[1]
Elevation
[8]
16 ft (5 m)
Population
 (2020)[9][10]
 • Total
12,684
 • Estimate 
(2023)[9][11]
12,765
 • Rank201st of 565 in state
1st of 15 in county[12]
 • Density596.4/sq mi (230.3/km2)
  • Rank431st of 565 in state
5th of 15 in county[12]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
08070[13][14]
Area code856[15]
FIPS code3403357870[1][16][17]
GNIS feature ID0882134[18]
Websitewww.pennsville.org

Pennsville Township is a township in Salem County, in the U.S. state of New Jersey. The township is named for William Penn.[19] It is the westernmost town in New Jersey.[20] As of the 2020 United States census, the township's population was 12,684,[9][10] a decrease of 725 (−5.4%) from the 2010 census count of 13,409,[21][22] which in turn reflected an increase of 215 (+1.6%) from the 13,194 counted in the 2000 census.[23]

The township had the 24th-highest property tax rate in New Jersey, with an equalized rate of 4.285% in 2020, compared to 3.476% in the county as a whole and a statewide average of 2.279%.[24] The township, and all of Salem County, is part of South Jersey and of the Philadelphia-Wilmington-Camden, PA-NJ-DE-MD combined statistical area, also known as the Delaware Valley or Philadelphia metropolitan area.[25]

History

[edit]

Early History

[edit]

At the time of the European settlements in America in the 1600s, the Lenni Lenape Tribe called Unilachtigo occupied the area, calling it "Hoppemense." In 1638 Sweden established a trading fort in Wilmington, and called it Fort Christina. Only 24 Swedish Soldiers came on the first expedition. Their orders were to buy land, build a fort and establish trade on the West side of the Delaware River. There were no colonists at Fort Christina in 1638. It wasn't until 1641 that the Swedes purchased land on the east side of the Delaware River. A May 1671 Census of the Delaware by Walter Wharton documents Swedes and Finns living on the East side of the Delaware River in what we know as Pennsville today.[26]

Fenwick's Colony

[edit]

When English Quaker John Fenwick arrived in 1675 to colonize his territory in West Jersey, called Fenwick’s Colony. He had already sold large tracts of land to fellow Englishmen, and he named the area West Fenwick. He was not yet aware that there were already European settlements here along the Delaware River. The plantations owned by the Swedes and Finns in West Fenwick Township, which pre-dated Fenwick’s arrival, specifically at Obisquahassit, Finns Town and in the Church Town area, reluctantly acknowledged John Fenwick as the new Lord Proprietor. To insure possession of their tracts of land, they signed quit claims to Fenwick in consideration of a yearly rental payment.[26]

A series of financial, legal and political difficulties followed John Fenwick from England, as well as a couple of imprisonments in America; so, by age 65 John Fenwick was in declining health. Those four factors caused Fenwick to convey all his right, title and interest in West Jersey, except for 150,000 acres, to William Penn on March 23, 1682. Fenwick died in 1683.

After Fenwick's Colony

[edit]

In 1701 West Fenwick was renamed Penns Neck Township in honor of the new Proprietor, William Penn. On July 10, 1721, Penns Neck was divided into Upper and Lower Penns Neck. The Township was incorporated in 1798 as one of New Jersey’s original group of 104 townships. The township was renamed Pennsville Township based on the results of a referendum held on November 2, 1965.[26][27]

Pennsville became a resort destination thanks to two riverfront resort hotels: The Silver Grove Hotel in 1851 and the River View Hotel in 1883. Both waterfront properties were located right next to each other in Pennsville Proper. In 1908 a new resort community of Fenton’s Beach was being developed at Deep Water Point. In 1914, the Silver Grove Hotel owner purchased the River View Hotel to create Riverview Beach Park. In 1922, an adjoining farm was purchased, and the Park expanded once again. Thousands would come by the Wilson Line ferry to the park each day from May to September. In 1916, the DuPont Company bought the Fenton's Beach resort community and established the DuPont Dye Works. This ushered in industry to the Pennsville community. In 1929 the Deepwater Generating Station was built here as well. In 1951 the Delaware Memorial Bridge nearby Pennsville linking New Jersey and Delaware was opened.

Geography

[edit]

According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the township had a total area of 24.58 square miles (63.66 km2), including 21.27 square miles (55.08 km2) of land and 3.31 square miles (8.58 km2) of water (13.48%).[1][2]

Pennsville (with a 2010 census population of 11,888,[28]) is an unincorporated community and census-designated place (CDP) area located within Pennsville Township.[29][30][31]

Other unincorporated communities, localities and places located partially or completely within the township include Cedar Crest, Churchtown, Central Park, Deepwater, Fort Mott, Glenside, Harrisonville, Penn Beach, and Valley Park.[32]

Salem River flows along the township's eastern and southern boundaries.[33]

The township borders the Salem County municipalities of Carneys Point Township, Elsinboro Township, Mannington Township, and Salem.[34][35] Pennsville Township also borders a section of New Castle County, Delaware, which is one of only two points of land east of the Delaware River that are within the state of Delaware, the other being on Artificial Island in Lower Alloways Creek Township.[36]

Demographics

[edit]
Historical population
CensusPop.Note%±
18101,163—
18201,158−0.4%
1830993−14.2%
18401,21922.8%
18501,42917.2%
18601,5065.4%
18701,472−2.3%
18801,334−9.4%
18901,280−4.0%
19001,42411.3%
19101,5448.4%
19202,14939.2%
19302,93336.5%
19405,11374.3%
19507,37644.3%
196010,41741.2%
197013,29627.6%
198013,8484.2%
199013,794−0.4%
200013,194−4.3%
201013,4091.6%
202012,684−5.4%
2023 (est.)12,765[9][11]0.6%
Population sources: 1810–2000[37]
1810–1920[38] 1840[39] 1850–1870[40]
1850[41] 1870[42] 1880–1890[43]
1890–1910[44] 1910–1930[45]
1940–2000[46] 2000[47][48]
2010[21][22] 2020[9][10]

2010 census

[edit]

The 2010 United States census counted 13,409 people, 5,491 households, and 3,706 families in the township. The population density was 630.2 inhabitants per square mile (243.3/km2). There were 5,914 housing units at an average density of 278.0 per square mile (107.3/km2). The racial makeup was 94.68% (12,696) White, 1.54% (206) Black or African American, 0.23% (31) Native American, 1.42% (190) Asian, 0.01% (2) Pacific Islander, 0.92% (124) from other races, and 1.19% (160) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 3.07% (411) of the population.[21]

Of the 5,491 households, 27.4% had children under the age of 18; 50.6% were married couples living together; 11.9% had a female householder with no husband present and 32.5% were non-families. Of all households, 27.3% were made up of individuals and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.44 and the average family size was 2.97.[21]

21.9% of the population were under the age of 18, 7.9% from 18 to 24, 25.0% from 25 to 44, 29.6% from 45 to 64, and 15.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 41.8 years. For every 100 females, the population had 95.1 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 92.1 males.[21]

The Census Bureau's 2006–2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $58,153 (with a margin of error of +/− $4,425) and the median family income was $71,327 (+/− $6,934). Males had a median income of $53,166 (+/− $4,370) versus $42,054 (+/− $3,006) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $29,275 (+/− $1,740). About 7.0% of families and 9.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 13.4% of those under age 18 and 5.9% of those age 65 or over.[49]

2000 census

[edit]

As of the 2000 U.S. census,[16] there were 13,194 people, 5,317 households, and 3,711 families residing in the township. The population density was 571.1 inhabitants per square mile (220.5/km2). There were 5,623 housing units at an average density of 243.4 per square mile (94.0/km2). The racial makeup of the township was 96.68% White, 0.96% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.96% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.39% from other races, and 0.83% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.60% of the population.[47][48]

There were 5,317 households, out of which 29.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 10.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 30.2% were non-families. 26.0% of all households were made up of individuals, and 11.6% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.47 and the average family size was 2.98.[47][48]

In the township, the population was spread out, with 23.2% under the age of 18, 7.7% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 25.4% from 45 to 64, and 15.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over there were 90.1 males.[47][48]

The median income for a household in the township was $47,250, and the median income for a family was $57,340. Males had a median income of $45,523 versus $29,629 for females. The per capita income for the township was $22,717. About 3.1% of families and 4.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 5.2% of those under age 18 and 5.1% of those age 65 or over.[47][48]

Government

[edit]

Local government

[edit]

Pennsville Township is governed under the Township form of New Jersey municipal government, one of 141 (of the 564) municipalities in New Jersey that use this form, the second-most commonly used form of government in the state.[50] The Township Committee is comprised of five members, who are elected directly by the voters at-large in partisan elections to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year as part of the November general election in a three-year cycle.[7][51] At an annual reorganization meeting, the Township Committee selects one of its members to serve as Mayor and another as Deputy Mayor.

As of 2024, the members of the Pennsville Township committee are Mayor Daniel J. Neu (R, term on committee ends December 31, 2025; term as mayor ends 2024), Deputy Mayor Scott Hourigan (R, term on committee ends 2025; term as deputy mayor ends 2024), John Dyer (R, 2026), Melissa Fitchett (R, 2026) and Peter E. Halter Sr. (R, 2024).[3][52][53][54][55]

Federal, state, and county representation

[edit]

Pennsville Township is located in the 2nd Congressional District[56] and is part of New Jersey's 3rd state legislative district.[57][58][59]

For the 118th United States Congress, New Jersey's 2nd congressional district is represented by Jeff Van Drew (R, Dennis Township).[60] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2027)[61] and George Helmy (Mountain Lakes, term ends 2024).[62][63]

For the 2024-2025 session, the 3rd legislative district of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by John Burzichelli (D, Paulsboro) and in the General Assembly by David Bailey (D, Woodstown) and Heather Simmons (D, Glassboro).[64]

Salem County is governed by a five-member Board of County Commissioners who are elected at-large to serve three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats coming up for election each year. At an annual reorganization meeting held in the beginning of January, the board selects a Director and a Deputy Director from among its members.[65] As of 2024, Salem County's Commissioners (with party, residence, and term-end year listed in parentheses) are:

Director Benjamin H. Laury (R, Elmer, 2024), Deputy Director Gordon J. "Mickey" Ostrum Jr. (R, Pilesgrove Township, 2024), Cordy Taylor (R, Oldmans Township, 2025), Ed Ramsey (R, Pittsgrove Township, 2026) and Daniel Timmerman (R, Elmer, 2025).[65][66]

Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are: Clerk Dale A. Cross (R, Pennsville Township, 2024),[67][68] Sheriff Charles M. Miller (R, Salem, 2024)[69][70] and Surrogate Nicki A. Burke (D, Woodstown, 2025).[71][72]

Politics

[edit]

As of March 2011, there were a total of 9,062 registered voters in Pennsville Township, of which 2,572 (28.4% vs. 30.6% countywide) were registered as Democrats, 1,797 (19.8% vs. 21.0%) were registered as Republicans and 4,686 (51.7% vs. 48.4%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 7 voters registered as Libertarians or Greens.[73] Among the township's 2010 Census population, 67.6% (vs. 64.6% in Salem County) were registered to vote, including 86.5% of those ages 18 and over (vs. 84.4% countywide).[73][74]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 53.4% of the vote (3,175 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 44.6% (2,651 votes), and other candidates with 2.0% (116 votes), among the 5,999 ballots cast by the township's 9,285 registered voters (57 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 64.6%.[75][76] In the 2008 presidential election, Republican John McCain received 3,204 votes (48.7% vs. 46.6% countywide), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 3,129 votes (47.6% vs. 50.4%) and other candidates with 153 votes (2.3% vs. 1.6%), among the 6,576 ballots cast by the township's 9,291 registered voters, for a turnout of 70.8% (vs. 71.8% in Salem County).[77] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 3,547 votes (54.3% vs. 52.5% countywide), ahead of Democrat John Kerry with 2,859 votes (43.8% vs. 45.9%) and other candidates with 81 votes (1.2% vs. 1.0%), among the 6,528 ballots cast by the township's 9,041 registered voters, for a turnout of 72.2% (vs. 71.0% in the whole county).[78]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 72.2% of the vote (2,848 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 25.5% (1,007 votes), and other candidates with 2.3% (89 votes), among the 3,979 ballots cast by the township's 9,134 registered voters (35 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 43.6%.[79][80] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 1,959 votes (46.9% vs. 46.1% countywide), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 1,688 votes (40.4% vs. 39.9%), Independent Chris Daggett with 424 votes (10.1% vs. 9.7%) and other candidates with 75 votes (1.8% vs. 2.0%), among the 4,181 ballots cast by the township's 9,259 registered voters, yielding a 45.2% turnout (vs. 47.3% in the county).[81]

Education

[edit]

Students in public school for pre-kindergarten through twelfth grade attend the Pennsville School District. As of the 2021–22 school year, the district, comprised of five schools, had an enrollment of 1,809 students and 166.9 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 10.8:1.[82] Schools in the district (with 2020–21 enrollment data from the National Center for Education Statistics[83]) are Valley Park Elementary School[84] with 340 students in grades preK-1, Central Park Elementary School[85] with 237 students in grades 2-3, Penn Beach Elementary School[86] with 302 students in grades 4-5, Pennsville Middle School[87] with 450 students in grades 6-8 and Pennsville Memorial High School[88] with 450 students in grades 9-12.[89][90]

Guardian Angels Regional School is a K-8 school that operates under the auspices of the Roman Catholic Diocese of Camden.[91] Its PreK-3 campus is in Gibbstown while its 4-8 campus is in Paulsboro.[92]

Transportation

[edit]
The junction of Interstate 295, U.S. Route 40, U.S. Route 130, Route 49, and the New Jersey Turnpike in Pennsville Township

Roads and highways

[edit]

As of May 2010, the township had a total of 90.71 miles (145.98 km) of roadways, of which 73.02 miles (117.51 km) were maintained by the municipality, 7.33 miles (11.80 km) by Salem County, 8.99 miles (14.47 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation, 0.95 miles (1.53 km) by the Delaware River and Bay Authority and 0.42 miles (0.68 km) by the New Jersey Turnpike Authority.[93]

Pennsville houses county, state, U.S., Interstates and toll expressways, which all converge at the northern part of the township near Deepwater.[94] The southern terminus of U.S. Route 130 is in the township.[95] Route 49 begins at the converging point and travels south for about 8.2 miles (13.2 km) through the center of town.[96] Interstate 295 and U.S. Route 40 (multiplexed together) also pass through the north which houses Exit 1 along I-295 and which is also the Delaware Memorial Bridge that connects to the state of Delaware.[97] In addition, the New Jersey Turnpike begins where Routes 49, 40, 130 and 295 all intersect with one another, with the creation of a roadway from Pennsville to Woodbridge Township being the initial goal when the New Jersey Turnpike Authority was created in 1948.[98] Despite the Turnpike's southern end being in the township,[99] Exit 1 is officially located in neighboring Carneys Point Township.[100] The only major county road that travels through is County Road 551.[101]

Public transportation

[edit]

NJ Transit offers bus service to and from Philadelphia on the 402 route, and local service on the 468 routes.[102]

Notable people

[edit]
See also: Category:People from Pennsville Township, New Jersey

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Pennsville Township include:

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e 2019 Census Gazetteer Files: New Jersey Places, United States Census Bureau. Accessed July 1, 2020.
  2. ^ a b US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  3. ^ a b Township Committee, Township of Pennsville. Accessed July 23, 2024. "The Township Committee is comprised of five members – the Mayor and four individuals, each of who serves a term of three years. At the reorganization meeting in January, the Committee selects one of its own to serve as Mayor."
  4. ^ 2023 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs, updated February 8, 2023. Accessed February 10, 2023.
  5. ^ Township Administrator, Township of Pennsville. Accessed March 24, 2023.
  6. ^ Office of Clerk, Township of Pennsville. Accessed March 24, 2023.
  7. ^ a b 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, April 2006, p. 19.
  8. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Township of Pennsville, Geographic Names Information System. Accessed March 11, 2013.
  9. ^ a b c d e QuickFacts Pennsville township, Salem County, New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 1, 2023.
  10. ^ a b c Total Population: Census 2010 - Census 2020 New Jersey Municipalities, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed December 1, 2022.
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  12. ^ a b Population Density by County and Municipality: New Jersey, 2020 and 2021, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed March 1, 2023.
  13. ^ Look Up a ZIP Code for Pennsville, NJ, United States Postal Service. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  14. ^ Zip Codes, State of New Jersey. Accessed October 31, 2013.
  15. ^ Area Code Lookup - NPA NXX for Pennsville, NJ, Area-Codes.com. Accessed October 31, 2013.
  16. ^ a b U.S. Census website, United States Census Bureau. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  17. ^ Geographic Codes Lookup for New Jersey, Missouri Census Data Center. Accessed April 1, 2022.
  18. ^ US Board on Geographic Names, United States Geological Survey. Accessed September 4, 2014.
  19. ^ Welcome to the Township Website!, Pennsville Township. Accessed May 30, 2007.
  20. ^ Nova Cæsarea: A Cartographic Record of the Garden State 1666-1888 - Salem County, Princeton University. Accessed September 17, 2015. "2013: The westernmost point of Pennsville Township, which is also the westernmost point of New Jersey."
  21. ^ a b c d e DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 for Pennsville township, Salem County, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  22. ^ a b Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2010 for Pennsville township Archived February 11, 2015, at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  23. ^ Table 7. Population for the Counties and Municipalities in New Jersey: 1990, 2000 and 2010, New Jersey Department of Labor and Workforce Development, February 2011. Accessed May 1, 2023.
  24. ^ "Here are the 30 N.J. towns with the highest property tax rates", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, March 15, 2021. Accessed January 19, 2022. "The average equalized tax rate in New Jersey was 2.279 in 2020, according to data from the Department of Community Affairs. Here is the list of 30 New Jersey towns with the highest property tax rates.... 24. Pennsville Equalized tax rate in Pennsville Township, Salem County, was 4.285 in 2020 Average equalized tax rate in Salem County: 3.476"
  25. ^ New Jersey: 2020 Core Based Statistical Areas and Counties, United States Census Bureau. Accessed December 22, 2022.
  26. ^ a b c "Pennsville Township Historical Society". www.pvhistory.com. Retrieved June 11, 2023.
  27. ^ Snyder, John P. The Story of New Jersey's Civil Boundaries: 1606–1968, Bureau of Geology and Topography; Trenton, New Jersey; 1969. p. 216. Accessed May 30, 2024.
  28. ^ DP-1 - Profile of General Population and Housing Characteristics: 2010 Demographic Profile Data for Pennsville CDP, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  29. ^ GCT-PH1 - Population, Housing Units, Area, and Density: 2010 - County -- County Subdivision and Place from the 2010 Census Summary File 1 for Salem County, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  30. ^ 2006-2010 American Community Survey Geography for New Jersey, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
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  48. ^ a b c d e DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Pennsville township, Salem County, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  49. ^ DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Pennsville township, Salem County, New Jersey Archived February 12, 2020, at archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed January 17, 2013.
  50. ^ Inventory of Municipal Forms of Government in New Jersey, Rutgers University Center for Government Studies, July 1, 2011. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  51. ^ "Forms of Municipal Government in New Jersey", p. 7. Rutgers University Center for Government Studies. Accessed June 1, 2023.
  52. ^ 2023 Municipal Data Sheet, Township of Pennsville Township. Accessed July 23, 2024.
  53. ^ Election Summary Report General Election November 7, 2023 Official Results, Salem County, New Jersey, updated November 21, 2023. Accessed January 1, 2024.
  54. ^ November 8, 2022 Summary Report Salem County, NJ Official Results, Salem County, New Jersey Clerk. Accessed January 1, 2023.
  55. ^ Election Summary Report General Election Salem County November 2, 2021 Official Results Report, Salem County, New Jersey, updated November 15, 2021. Accessed January 1, 2022.
  56. ^ Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  57. ^ Municipalities Sorted by 2011-2020 Legislative District, New Jersey Department of State. Accessed February 1, 2020.
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