Nymphaea macrosperma
| Nymphaea macrosperma | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Order: | Nymphaeales |
| Family: | Nymphaeaceae |
| Genus: | Nymphaea |
| Subgenus: | Nymphaea subg. Anecphya |
| Species: | N. macrosperma
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| Binomial name | |
| Nymphaea macrosperma | |
| Synonyms[2] | |
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Nymphaea macrosperma is an annual or perennial, aquatic, rhizomatous herb in the family Nymphaeaceae[3] native to Australia[2] and New Guinea.[4][2]
Description
[edit]Vegetative characteristics
[edit]It is an annual[3] or perennial,[3][5] aquatic, rhizomatous herb[3] with globular rhizomes without stolons.[6] The glabrous,[5] orbicular, elliptic[6] or suborbicular leaves[7] with a dentate margin[5][8] are 17–38 cm long, and 15–31 cm wide.[5] The abaxial leaf surface has a strong midrib and 6 palmately arranged primary veins, which are reticulate towards the leaf margin.[7] The petioles are up to 2.5 m long, and 2-4 mm wide.[5]
Generative characteristics
[edit]The 6–7 cm wide,[7] diurnal flowers extend above the water surface.[8] The four[7][6] oblong sepals with a rounded apex[7] are 25-55 mm long, and 9-25 mm wide.[5] The 10–18[5](–22)[6] white, blue, or purple,[5] oblanceolate to spathulate petals[6] have an obtuse apex.[5] There is a conspicuous gap between petals and stamens.[6][7] The androecium consists of 150–200 stamens. The gynoecium consists of 10–13 carpels.[5] The 4 cm wide fruit[6] bears oblong to ovoid,[7] hairy, 3–4.5 mm long, and 2–3 mm wide seeds.[6]
Taxonomy
[edit]Publication
[edit]It was published by Elmer Drew Merrill and Lily May Perry in 1942.[7][2] In the same publication, the species was described a second time as Nymphaea dictyophlebia Merr. & L.M.Perry, which is a synonym of Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry.[9][2]
Type specimen
[edit]The type specimen was collected by LJ Brass in Lake Daviumbu, New Guinea (British New Guinea) in August 1936.[10]
Position within Nymphaea
[edit]It is placed in Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya.[11]
Etymology
[edit]The specific epithet macrosperma means large-seeded.[12][13]
Ecology
[edit]Habitat
[edit]It occurs in up to 2.5 m deep[5] stagnant or flowing water[3] in lagoons,[7] swamps,[5][7] billabongs, and drainage channels on clay substrates. It can occur in slightly brackish water.[5]
Conservation
[edit]The NCA status of Nymphaea macrosperma is Special Least Concern (SL).[1] Under the Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016, it is classified as Not threatend.[3]
Uses
[edit]The plant is a traditional Aboriginal bushfood.[14] The seeds are usually described as "sweet like a pea" and are eaten for lunch.[15]
References
[edit]- ^ a b Queensland Government. (2022i, March 8). Species profile—Nymphaea macrosperma. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://apps.des.qld.gov.au/species-search/details/?id=13387
- ^ a b c d e "Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 11 January 2024.
- ^ a b c d e f Western Australian Herbarium & Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions. (n.d.-b). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry. Florabase—the Western Australian Flora. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://florabase.dbca.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/19830
- ^ Missouri Botanical Garden. (n.d.-f). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M. Perry. Tropicos. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/50265123
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m Northern Territory Government. (n.d.). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry. FloraNT. Retrieved December 2, 2024, from https://eflora.nt.gov.au/factsheet?id=3999
- ^ a b c d e f g h S.W.L. Jacobs & C.L. Porter. Nymphaea macrosperma, in (ed.), Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Nymphaea%20macrosperma [Date Accessed: 03 December 2024]
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Merrill, Elmer D., & Perry, Lily M. (1942). Plantae Papuanae Archboldianae, X. Journal of the Arnold Arboretum, 23(4), 383--416. https://doi.org/10.5962/p.185463
- ^ a b Breukel, H. (n.d.). Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M. Perry. Seerosenforum.de Das Portal Der Seerose. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://www.seerosenforum.de/gattung/Anecphya/Macrosperma/Macrosperma.aspx
- ^ Jacobs, S. W. L. (1992). "New species, lectotypes and synonyms of Australasian Nymphaea (Nymphaeaceae)." Telopea, 4(4), 635-641.
- ^ Type of Nymphaea macrosperma Merr. & L.M.Perry [family NYMPHAEACEAE]. (n.d.). JSTOR. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://plants.jstor.org/stable/10.5555/al.ap.specimen.l0038664
- ^ Löhne, C., Borsch, T., Jacobs, S. W., Hellquist, C. B., & Wiersema, J. H. (2008). "Nuclear and plastid DNA sequences reveal complex reticulate patterns in Australian water-lilies (Nymphaea subgenus Anecphya, Nymphaeaceae)." Australian Systematic Botany, 21(4), 229-250.
- ^ Crataegus macrosperma (large-seeded hawthorn): Go Botany. (n.d.). Native Plant Trust. Retrieved February 1, 2024, from https://gobotany.nativeplanttrust.org/species/crataegus/macrosperma/
- ^ Bayton, R. (2020). Practical Uses of Botanical Latin. In The Gardener's Botanical: An Encyclopedia of Latin Plant Names - with More than 5,000 Entries (pp. 22-318). Princeton: Princeton University Press. https://doi.org/10.1515/9780691209135-007
- ^ Australian Food Standards, Water lily seed pod analysis
- ^ "Part 1". In the Bush with Malcolm Douglas. Season 1. 7 February 2009.
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