Northwood Glass Company
The Northwood glass company was a manufacturer of art glass in various locations in the United States from 1887 to 1925.
History
[edit]
Harry Northwood who founded the company was the son of John Northwood, a noted maker of English cameo glass.[1] He came to America in 1880 and worked at J. H. Hobbs, Brockunier and Company.[1] He worked as a glass etcher there from approximately 1881-1884.[2] He then worked for the La Belle glass company and during a strike there moved to Phoenix glass company in Pittsburgh, Pa.[2] He became a glass maker when he returned to La Belle about 1886.[2]
The original Northwood Glass Company was established by Harry Northwood in 1887 in Martins Ferry, Ohio. However, the company was later relocated to Ellwood City, Pennsylvania, where it failed to thrive.[3] In 1895 he opened up the New Northwood glass company in a factory previously owned by the Indiana Glass company in Indiana, Pennsylvania. This factory joined National glass conglomerate in 1899.[3]
In 1902 Harry opened the Harry Northwood and company factory in Wheeling, West Virginia.[3][4] The factory had belonged to the J. H. Hobbs, Brockunier and Company.[1] It was here that he developed his formula for Carnival glass.[3]
Harry Northwood died in 1919. The company continued producing glass, but was closed in 1925.[5]
Colors
[edit]
Golden Iris was the name of the first caravel glass treatment that Northwood developed in 1908.[3] It was known for its marigold color.[1] The other carnival glass treatments made by Northwood were Emerald, Azure, Florentine, Perl, and Pomona.[5] Carnival glass is identified by the color of the glass, not the color of the treatment. Base colors for Northwood were green, amethyst, and cobalt blue. Ice green, white, and ice blue were the names of the pastel colors.[1] Northwood also made custard, stretch and opalescent glass.[6]
Patterns
[edit]Some of the patterns were:
| Name | Years Produced | Description | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Cherry and Cable | Early pattern made in very limited numbers. One of the first patterns to receive carnival treatment. | [7] | |
| Corn | Used on vases, looks like an ear of corn. There are two variations showing different leaves. | [8] | |
| Feathers | Used for vases, alternating herringbone and smooth panels. | [9] | |
| Grape and Cable | Northwood produced a large amount of this pattern. There were two variations of the pattern with one having more vine in the center. | [10] | |
| Three Fruits | 1910 | The pattern includes fruits and foliage. The Fenton glass also had a similar pattern. | [11] |
| Wishbone | This was used on bowls and plates of two different sizes, 8 and 10 inch. It is identified by its overlapping wishbone shapes. | [12] |
Maker mark
[edit]
The most common Northwood maker mark was an underlined capital N centered inside of a circle.[13][14] Not all pieces carry the mark but it is seen most often on carnival glass items. L.G. Wright also used a mark like it, but was forced to stop using it.[13]
See also
[edit]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d e "Vintage Northwood Glassware". collectorsweekly.com. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ a b c Wiggins, William Heacock, James Measell, Berry (1900). Harry Northwood, the early years, 1881-1900. Marietta, Ohio: Antique Publications. pp. 5 to 19. ISBN 0915410397.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ a b c d e Schroy, Ellen T. (2008). Warman's carnival glass : identification and price guide (2nd ed.). Iola, Wis.: Krause. pp. 10–11. ISBN 978-0896895690.
- ^ "A Brief History of Carnival Glass". A field guide to carnival glass. Northwood. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
- ^ a b "CARNIVAL GLASS: THE FIRST DECADE". Kent State University. Archived from the original on 2 April 2015. Retrieved 29 December 2014.
- ^ "Northwood". kovels.com. Retrieved 30 March 2015.
- ^ David Doty. "Cherry and Cable, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ David Doty. "Corn vases, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ David Doty. "Feathers vases, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 12 April 2015.[permanent dead link]
- ^ David Doty. "Grape and Cable Bowls and Plates, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ David Doty. "Three Fruits, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
- ^ David Doty. "Wishbone, Northwood". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 11 April 2015.
- ^ a b "Maker Marks". The Field Guide To Carnival Glass. Retrieved 10 April 2015.
- ^ James S. Measell. "Northwood Marks". Real or Repro. Ruby Lane. Retrieved 19 June 2022.
The first [mark], the Northwood "script" signature originated about 1899 at his Indiana, Pennsylvania plant. You'll see it most often on the underside of custard (Ivory) glass pieces in Nautilus (Argonaut Shell), or Pagoda (Chrysanthemum Sprig), as well as blue custard (Turquoise) Pagoda pieces and opalescent examples of Northwood's "Town Pump." Although these patterns and items have been reproduced in a wide variety of colors by several different firms, none bears the Northwood script signature. The second and more familiar Northwood mark is an underlined capital N within a circle. This mark originated in late 1905 at his Wheeling, West Virginia factory and was used on many different pressed pattern and novelty items through about 1915-16. Some writers suggest that Northwood also used a plain N, or an underlined N with no circle, or just a circle by itself. My research, however, indicates that the Northwood mark was always an underlined capital N within a circle. Sometimes it takes a powerful magnifying glass to see all of the elements of the mark, but they are all there.