Nikolaus Decius
Nikolaus Decius (also Degius, Deeg, Tech a Curia, and Nickel von Hof;[1] c. 1485 – 21 March 1541[2] (others say 1546[3]) was a German monk, hymn-writer, Protestant reformer and composer.
Biography
[edit]He was probably born in Hof in Upper Franconia, Bavaria, around 1485. He studied at the University of Leipzig and obtained a master's degree at Wittenburg University in 1523 and became a monk.[4] Although a monk, he was an advocate of the Protestant Reformation and a disciple of Martin Luther.[4] He was Probst of the cloister at Steterburg from 1519 until July 1522 when he was appointed a master in the St. Katherine and Egidien School in Braunschweig.[2][5] He wrote in 1523 "Allein Gott in der Höh sei Ehr", a German paraphrase of the Latin Gloria, adapted by Luther in 1525.[6] Decius's version was first sung on Easter Day at Braunschweig on 5 April 1523.[7] Decius's Low German version first appeared in print in Gesang Buch by Joachim Sluter, printed in 1525.[7]
In 1526, Decius became preacher at the Church of St. Nicholas in Stettin at the same time as Paulus von Rhode was appointed preacher at St. James's in Stettin.[2] In 1535 he became pastor of St. Nicholas and died there in March 1541 after a suspected poisoning.[2] Shortly before his death he wrote the hymn "O Lamm Gottes, unschuldig" (O Lamb of God, innocent) sung on a tune from the 13th century. Decius's version was first published in Anton Cornivus's Christliche Kirchen-Ordnung in 1542.[4] Johann Sebastian Bach used it as a cantus firmus in the opening chorus of his St Matthew Passion. It was translated into English by Arthur Tozer Russell in the 19th century.[4]
References
[edit]- ^ Müller, Hans-Christian & Korth, Hans-Otto (2001). "Decius, Nikolaus". In Sadie, Stanley & Tyrrell, John (eds.). The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2nd ed.). London: Macmillan Publishers. ISBN 978-1-56159-239-5.
- ^ a b c d "Nikolaus Decius (Hymn-Writer, Composer)". Bach Cantatas.com. Retrieved 3 March 2012.
- ^ Fornacon, Siegfried (1957). "Decius, Nikolaus. In: Neue Deutsche Biographie (NDB)". Band 3, Duncker & Humblot, Berlin. p. 542.
- ^ a b c d McKim, LindaJo K. (1 June 1993). The Presbyterian hymnal companion. Westminster John Knox Press. p. 76. ISBN 978-0-664-25180-2. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
- ^ Goltz, Georg Friedrich Gottlob (1843). Ausführliche erklärung einiger der vorzüglichsten evangelischen kirchenlieder für schule und haus. T. Scherk. p. 201. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
- ^ Leahy, Anne (16 October 2011). J. S. Bach's "Leipzig" Chorale Preludes: Music, Text, Theology. Scarecrow Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-0-8108-8181-5. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
- ^ a b Glover, Raymond F. (February 1995). The Hymnal 1982 companion. Church Publishing, Inc. p. 789. ISBN 978-0-89869-143-6. Retrieved 3 April 2012.
Sources
[edit]- Ludger Stühlmeyer: Nikolaus Decius – ein Kirchenlieddichter aus Hochfranken. In: Jahrbuch der Erzdiözese Bamberg 2014. Heinrichs-Verlag Bamberg, 89. Jahrgang 2013, S. 72–76.
- Ludger Stühlmeyer: Die Kirchenlieder des Hofers Nicolaus Decius. In:Curia sonans. Die Musikgeschichte der Stadt Hof. Eine Studie zur Kultur Oberfrankens. Von der Gründung des Bistums Bamberg bis zur Gegenwart. Phil.Diss., Bayerische Verlagsanstalt, Heinrichs-Verlag Bamberg 2010, ISBN 978-3-89889-155-4, S. 110–112, 135–137, 357–358.
- Werner Merten: Decius, Nikolaus. In: Wolfgang Herbst: Wer ist wer im Gesangbuch? S. 73-74 Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2001, ISBN 3-525-50323-7
- Friedrich Wilhelm Bautz (1975). "DECIUS (Tech), Nikolaus". In Bautz, Friedrich Wilhelm (ed.). Biographisch-Bibliographisches Kirchenlexikon (BBKL) (in German). Vol. 1. Hamm: Bautz. cols. 1239–1240. ISBN 3-88309-013-1.
- Th. Ruys. P. D. Utrecht 1919 (Diss. Amsterdam). H. J. Jaanus. P. D. (Documenta Reformatoria 1960, 247ff.).
- Siegfried Fornaçon (1957), "Decius, Nikolaus", Neue Deutsche Biographie (in German), vol. 3, Berlin: Duncker & Humblot, pp. 542–543; (full text online)
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