Neostenanthera myristicifolia

Neostenanthera myristicifolia
	Black and white botanical illustration of Neostenanthera myristicifolia (using the synonym Stenanthera pluriflora).
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Tracheophytes
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Magnoliids
Order:	Magnoliales
Family:	Annonaceae
Genus:	Neostenanthera
Species:	N. myristicifolia
Binomial name
	Neostenanthera myristicifolia; (Oliv.) Exell
Synonyms
	Neostenanthera pluriflora (De Wild.) Exell ; Oxymitra myristicifolia Oliv.; Stenanthera pluriflora De Wild.;

Neostenanthera myristicifolia is a species of plant in the family Annonaceae. It is native to Benin, Cameroon, The Central African Republic, The Democratic Republic of the Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Nigeria, and The Republic of the Congo.^[3]

Description

It is a shrub or tree reaching 13 meters in height. Its elliptical to oblong leaves are 8.5-25.5 by 3.7-9 centimeters. The tips of the leaves taper to a point, and their bases are blunt to rounded. The upper surface of the leaves are green to brown and hairless to slightly hairy, their lower surface is dark yellow-green to waxy blue and slightly hairy. The leaves have 10-18 pairs of secondary veins emanating from their midribs. Its petioles are 4-12.4 by 0.7-2.5 millimeters and slightly hairy. Its flowers occur in groups of 2-4 that are positioned on the stem, often opposite from leaves. The flowers are born on 12.2-38 millimeter long pedicels that are slightly hairy. The pedicels are attached to 1.1-5 by 1.2-3.6 millimeter peduncles that are slightly hairy. It has 3 triangular to oval, slightly hairy, sepals that are 0.8-4.2 by 1.2-2.6 millimeters. The tips of the sepals are pointed or taper to a point. Its flowers have 6 petals in two rows of three. The outer petals have a total length of 6.5-29 millimeters. The spoon-shaped basal portion is 1.4-4.9 by 2.5-5.9 millimeters with a slightly hairy upper side. The apical lance-shaped portion of the outer petal is 5-25.2 by 1–9.2 millimeters with a tapering tip. The inner petals have a total length of 3.4-10.9 millimeters. The basal portion is 1.6-6.1 by 1,6-5.6 millimeters and slightly hairy on its upper surface. The apical portion is 1.8-5.7 by 0.6-3 millimeters, pointed at the tip, and hairless on the upper surface. Its flowers have 135-156 stamen that are 0.9-2.8 millimeters long with anthers that are 0.7-2.4 by 0.2-0.6 millimeters. The tissue connecting the lobes of the anthers extends upward for 0.1-0.5 millimeter and is hairless. Its flowers have 67-109 carpels that are 0.8-2.8 by 0.1-0.5 millimeters with 0.2-1.4 millimeters long styles that are straight or slightly curved. Each elliptical fruit is 4.4-60 by 2–9.6 millimeters with a blunt base and a 0.4-1.1 millimeter long tapered tip. The fruit are smooth and covered in fine hairs or hairless at maturity. Each fruit is attached to a 1.9-3.9 centimeter long pedicel, which in turn is attached to a 1.1-5.1 centimeter long peduncle. The fruit have elliptical seeds that are 3.5-13.1 by 1.7-9.2 millimeters.^[4]

Reproductive biology

The pollen of N. gabonensis is shed as permanent tetrads.^[5]

Habitat and distribution

It has been observed growing in swampy habitats; near rivers; in primary, secondary or gallery forests, at elevations from 300 to 1,000 meters.^[4]

References

^ de Wildeman, E. (1903). Études de systématique et de géographie botaniques sur la flore du Bas- et du Moyen-Congo [Studies of botanical systematics and geography on the flora of Bas- and Middle-Congo]. Annales du Musée du Congo. Botanique ; série 5 (in French). Brussels: Par ordre du Secrétaire d'États.
^ Cosiaux, A.; Couvreur, T.L.P.; Erkens, R.H.J. (2019). "Neostenanthera myristicifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133039724A133042994. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133039724A133042994.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.
^ "Neostenanthera myristicifolia (Oliv.) Exell". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved June 15, 2021.
^ ^a ^b Fero, Maximiliano; Aedo, Carlos; Cabezas, Francisco; Velayos, Mauricio (2014). "Taxonomic Revision of Neostenanthera (Annonaceae)". Systematic Botany. 39 (1): 17–30. doi:10.1600/036364414X678071. ISSN 0363-6445.
^ Walker, James W. (1971). "Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 202 (202): 1–130. JSTOR 41764703.

[Wildeman1903-1] Wildeman, E. (1903). Études de systématique et de géographie botaniques sur la flore du Bas- et du Moyen-Congo [Studies of botanical systematics and geography on the flora of Bas- and Middle-Congo]. Annales du Musée du Congo. Botanique ; série 5 (in French). Brussels: Par ordre du Secrétaire d'États.

[iucn_status_19_November_2021-2] Cosiaux, A.; Couvreur, T.L.P.; Erkens, R.H.J. (2019). "Neostenanthera myristicifolia". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2019: e.T133039724A133042994. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2019-3.RLTS.T133039724A133042994.en. Retrieved 19 November 2021.

[3] "Neostenanthera myristicifolia (Oliv.) Exell". Plants of the World Online. The Trustees of the Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. n.d. Retrieved June 15, 2021.

[FeroAedo2014-4] Fero, Maximiliano; Aedo, Carlos; Cabezas, Francisco; Velayos, Mauricio (2014). "Taxonomic Revision of Neostenanthera (Annonaceae)". Systematic Botany. 39 (1): 17–30. doi:10.1600/036364414X678071. ISSN 0363-6445.

[5] Walker, James W. (1971). "Pollen Morphology, Phytogeography, and Phylogeny of the Annonaceae". Contributions from the Gray Herbarium of Harvard University. 202 (202): 1–130. JSTOR 41764703.

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