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National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience

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National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience
AbbreviationNIED
FormationApril 1, 1963
Headquarters3-1 Tennodai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0006, JAPAN
President
TAKARA Kaoru
AffiliationsMinistry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT)
Budget
14 billion yen (annual operating budget) as of April 2024
Employees
339 (including 155 researchers, 184 administrative staff) as of April 1, 2024
Websitehttps://www.bosai.go.jp/e/

The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (Japanese: 防災科学技術研究所, romanized: Bōsai Kagaku Gijutsu Kenkyū-sho), also known as NIED, is a National Research and Development Agency[1] that conducts research on science and technology related to disaster risk reduction.[2] It owns experimental and observational facilities throughout Japan.[3][4] The headquarters is located in Tsukuba City, Ibaraki Prefecture.[5]

History

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The history can be broken into phases:[6]

1960s - 1970s

  • April 1963: National Research Center for Disaster Prevention (NRCDP) established in Tokyo[7]
  • December 1964: Institute of Snow and Ice Studies established in Nagaoka[8]
  • October 1969: Shinjo Branch established
  • June 1970: Large-Scale Earthquake Simulator constructed in Tsukuba[9]
  • March 1974: Large-Scale Rainfall Simulator constructed in Tsukuba
  • April 1978: Headquarters moved from Tokyo to Tsukuba[10]

1990s - 2000s

  • June 1990: NRCDP reorganized as NIED[11]
  • June 1996: K-NET (Kyoshin Net) starts operation[12]
  • March 1997: Cryospheric Environment Simulator constructed in Shinjo[13]
  • April 1997: Construction and operation of Hi-net (High sensitivity seismograph network),[14] KiK-net (Kiban Kyoshi-net),[15] and F-net (Broad-band seismograph network)[16]
  • January 2001: NIED becomes under the jurisdiction of MEXT[17]
  • October 2004: Hyogo Earthquake Engineering Research Center established in Miki[18]
  • April 2005: E-Defense (Three-dimensional full-scale earthquake testing facility) starts operation[19]

2010s - 2020s

  • April 2010: Operation of V-net (The Fundamental Volcano Observation Network) starts[20]
  • April 2016: DONET (Dense Ocean floor Network system for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) transferred to NIED[21][22]
  • November 2017: Operation of MOWLAS (Monitoring of Waves on Land and Seafloor) starts[23]
  • February 2019: Construction of N-net (Nankai Trough Seafloor Observation Network for Earthquakes and Tsunamis) starts[24]
  • November 2021: I-Resilience Corporation established as a joint venture company[25]
  • November 2023: 60th anniversary of establishment[26]

List of presidents

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  • WADATI Kiyoo (April 1, 1963 - August 5, 1966)
  • TERADA Kazuhiko (August 16, 1966 - November 17, 1971)
  • SUGAWARA Masami (April 14, 1972 - May 31, 1975)
  • OHHIRA Naruto (June 1, 1975 - July 31, 1983)
  • TAKAHASHI Hiroshi (August 1, 1983 - March 31, 1989)
  • HAGIWARA Yukio (April 1, 1989 - March 31, 1992)
  • UEHARA Shigetsugu (April 1, 1992 - August 31, 1996)
  • KATAYAMA Tsuneo (September 1, 1996 - March 31, 2006)
  • OKADA Yoshimitsu (April 1, 2006 - September 30, 2015)
  • HAYASHI Haruo (October 1, 2015 - March 31, 2023)
  • TAKARA Kaoru (April 1, 2023 - )

Locations[27]

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Research Facilities[28]/Observation Networks[29]

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International activities

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NIED established and has been the secretariat of the Japan Hub of Disaster Resilience Partners (JHoP), a research network of 17 national universities, research institutes and other disaster management organizations in Japan since 2019.[30] In 2021, JHoP established ICoE-Coherence (International Center of Excellence for Coherence among Disaster Risk Reduction, Climate Change Adaptation, and Sustainable Development) to promote international research on disaster risk reduction and management under the framework of Integrated Research on Disaster Risk (IRDR), which is supported by the International Science Council (ISC) and the United Nations Office for Disaster Risk Reduction (UNDRR).[31]

NIED also conducts various international activities[32] in disaster science employing knowledge and experience from Japan such as:

  • Asian Consortium on Volcanology (ACV)[33]
  • Climate-induced geohazards mitigation, management, and education in Japan, South Korea, and Norway (GEOMME)[34]
  • Joint research with Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI), United States[35]
  • Enhancement of Earthquake and Volcano Monitoring and Effective Utilization of Disaster Mitigation Information in the Philippines[36]

References

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  1. ^ "List of Research and Development Agencies (National Research and Development Agencies)" (PDF). Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology.
  2. ^ Hayashi, Haruo; Kamiishi, Isao (2022). "Special Issue on NIED Frontier Research on Science and Technology for Disaster Risk Reduction and Resilience 2022". Journal of Disaster Research. 17 巻 6 号 (6). 富士技術出版株式会社: 933. doi:10.20965/jdr.2022.p0933.
  3. ^ "Experimental Facilities｜The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED)". The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED). Retrieved 2024-02-19.
  4. ^ Notarangelo, Nicla; Hirano, Kohin; Albano, Raffaele; Sole, Aurelia (2021). "Transfer Learning with Convolutional Neural Networks for Rainfall Detection in Single Images". Water. 13 (5): 588. doi:10.3390/w13050588. hdl:11563/146984.
  5. ^ "National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience Overview". PitchBook.
  6. ^ "History of NIED". NIED.
  7. ^ "国立防災科学技術センター刊行物一覧（1）" (PDF). 防災科学技術研究所 ライブラリー.
  8. ^ "Snow and Ice Research Center". NIED.
  9. ^ "Chronology of Tsukuba ScienceCity". Tsukuba Science City Network.
  10. ^ "NIED Integrated Report 2021" (PDF). NIED.
  11. ^ "国立防災科学技術センター". Web NDL Authorities.
  12. ^ "Introduction". Strong-motion Seismograph Networks (K-NET, KiK-net).
  13. ^ Abe, Osamu; Kosugi, Kenji (2019). "Twenty-year operation of the Cryospheric Environment Simulator". Bulletin of Glaciological Research. 37S: 53–65. doi:10.5331/bgr.16sr01.
  14. ^ "What is Hi-net?". Hi-net B ver.
  15. ^ "強震観測網 K-NET・KiK-net質問集". 強震観測網（K-NET・KiK-net）.
  16. ^ "What is F-net". NIED F-net.
  17. ^ "防災科学技術研究所". Web NDL Authorities 国立国会図書館典拠データ検索・提供サービス.
  18. ^ "Profile". National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience Hyogo Earthquake Engineering Research Center.
  19. ^ "Profile". National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience Hyogo Earthquake Engineering Research Center.
  20. ^ Tanada, Toshikazu; Ueda, Hideki; Nagai, Masashi; Ukawa, Motoo (2017). "NIED's V-net, the Fundamental Volcano Observation Network in Japan". Journal of Disaster Research. 12 (5): 926–931. doi:10.20965/jdr.2017.p0926.
  21. ^ "地震・津波観測監視システム：DONET". 防災科学技術研究所 海底地震津波観測網.
  22. ^ "About MOWLAS". Network Center for Earthquake, Tsunami and Volcano.
  23. ^ "About MOWLAS". Network Center for Earthquake, Tsunami and Volcano.
  24. ^ Aoi, Shin; Asano, Youichi; Kunugi, Takashi; Kimura, Takeshi; Uehira, Kenji; Takahashi, Narumi; Ueda, Hideki; Shiomi, Katsuhiko; Matsumoto, Takumi; Fujiwara, Hiroyuki (7 September 2020). "MOWLAS: NIED observation network for earthquake, tsunami and volcano". Earth, Planets and Space. 72 (1): 126. Bibcode:2020EP&S...72..126A. doi:10.1186/s40623-020-01250-x.
  25. ^ "会社概要 Profile". I-Resilience.
  26. ^ "創立60周年記念式典". 防災科研.
  27. ^ "Access｜About NIED｜The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED)". The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED). Retrieved 2024-02-19.
  28. ^ "Experimental Facilities｜The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED)". The National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Resilience (NIED). Retrieved 2024-02-19.
  29. ^ "Network Center for Earthquake, Tsunami and Volcano". www.mowlas.bosai.go.jp. Retrieved 2024-02-19.
  30. ^ "HOME". Japan Hub of Disaster Resilience Partners.
  31. ^ "ICoE-COHERENCE". Japan Hub of Disaster Resilience Partners.
  32. ^ "NIED Integrated Report 2021" (PDF). NIED.
  33. ^ "Overview". Consortium for Human Resource Development in Volcanology Next Generation Volcano Researcher Development Program.
  34. ^ "Climate-induced geohazards mitigation, management, and education in Japan, South Korea, and Norway (GEOMME)". NGI.
  35. ^ "NHERI PARTNERSHIPS: NIED AND E-DEFENSE". DESIGNSAFE.
  36. ^ "Enhancement of Earthquake and Volcano Monitoring and Effective Utilization of Disaster Mitigation Information in the Philippines". JST.
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