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Myriam Charpentier

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Myriam Charpentier
Alma materLudwig Maximillians University
Scientific career
FieldsMolecular Biology
InstitutionsJohn Innes Centre

Myriam Charpentier is a molecular biologist, who specialises in cell and developmental biology at the John Innes Centre, Norwich. Charpentier studies the environmental and biological stimulus of nuclear calcium signalling in plants.

She obtained her PhD in Plant Molecular Biology from Ludwig Maximillians University of Munich. Following this, Charpentier joined the John Innes Centre in 2009, and became a David Philips fellow[1] and group leader in 2017.

Charpentier investigates what produces calcium oscillations and how calcium channels affect plant development and has published extensively on this topic.[2][3] Nuclear calcium machinery is common to all land plants, her laboratory is exploring how this has evolved and functions across different species. Dr Charpentier has also published on topics including the dynamic organisation of the nucleus,[4] and on legume symbiosis[5] and nitrogen fixation.[6]

Charpentier's work with Giles Oldroyd led to the discovery of cyclic nucleotide–gated ion channel 15s (CNGS15s).[7][8] These proteins are key in the process to move calcium into the nucleus, an important part of the signal to the plant that nitrogen-fixing bacteria are in the soil nearby.[9]

More recently, in 2019, Charpentier's group discovered that nuclear calcium signalling plays another important role in plant roots, besides symbiosis. Her team showed that calcium can be released by the nucleus of root apical meristem – the region of the growing root. Using genetic approaches, the team could modulate nuclear calcium signatures to obtain longer or shorter roots in the model organism Arabidopsis thaliana.[10]

References

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  1. ^ "David Phillips fellows". United Kingdom Research and Innovation. Retrieved 31 March 2020.
  2. ^ Charpentier, Myriam (30 July 2018). "Calcium signals in the plant nucleus: origin and function". Journal of Experimental Botany. 69 (17): 4165–4173. doi:10.1093/jxb/ery160. ISSN 0022-0957. PMID 29718301.
  3. ^ Kelner, Audrey; Leitão, Nuno; Chabaud, Mireille; Charpentier, Myriam; de Carvalho-Niebel, Fernanda (27 February 2018). "Dual Color Sensors for Simultaneous Analysis of Calcium Signal Dynamics in the Nuclear and Cytoplasmic Compartments of Plant Cells". Frontiers in Plant Science. 9: 245. doi:10.3389/fpls.2018.00245. ISSN 1664-462X. PMC 5835324. PMID 29535753.
  4. ^ Thorpe, Stephen D.; Charpentier, Myriam (2 January 2017). "Highlight on the dynamic organization of the nucleus". Nucleus. 8 (1): 2–10. doi:10.1080/19491034.2016.1243634. ISSN 1949-1034. PMC 5287096. PMID 27715428.
  5. ^ Murray, Jeremy D.; Muni, RajaSekhara Reddy Duvvuru; Torres-Jerez, Ivone; Tang, Yuhong; Allen, Stacy; Andriankaja, Megan; Li, Guangming; Laxmi, Ashverya; Cheng, Xiaofei; Wen, Jiangqi; Vaughan, David (January 2011). "Vapyrin, a gene essential for intracellular progression of arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis, is also essential for infection by rhizobia in the nodule symbiosis of Medicago truncatula: VAPYRIN is required for rhizobial and mycorrhizal symbioses". The Plant Journal. 65 (2): 244–252. doi:10.1111/j.1365-313X.2010.04415.x. PMID 21223389.
  6. ^ Charpentier, Myriam; Oldroyd, Giles (October 2010). "How close are we to nitrogen-fixing cereals?". Current Opinion in Plant Biology. 13 (5): 556–564. doi:10.1016/j.pbi.2010.08.003. PMID 20817544.
  7. ^ "Scientists discover missing link in plant nitrogen fixation process". phys.org. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
  8. ^ "Missing link in plant nitrogen fixation process discovered". ScienceDaily. Retrieved 8 March 2019.
  9. ^ Oldroyd, Giles E. D.; Morris, Richard J.; Sanders, Dale; Véry, Anne-Aliénor; Thouin, Julien; Soumpourou, Eleni; Findlay, Kim; Radhakrishnan, Guru V.; Martins, Teresa Vaz (27 May 2016). "Nuclear-localized cyclic nucleotide–gated channels mediate symbiotic calcium oscillations". Science. 352 (6289): 1102–1105. Bibcode:2016Sci...352.1102C. doi:10.1126/science.aae0109. ISSN 0036-8075. PMID 27230377. S2CID 206646218.
  10. ^ Leitão, Nuno; Dangeville, Pierre; Carter, Ross; Charpentier, Myriam (25 October 2019). "Nuclear calcium signatures are associated with root development". Nature Communications. 10 (1): 4865. Bibcode:2019NatCo..10.4865L. doi:10.1038/s41467-019-12845-8. ISSN 2041-1723. PMC 6814746. PMID 31653864.
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