Mycetinis querceus
| Mycetinis querceus | |
|---|---|
| |
Scientific classification 
| |
| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Omphalotaceae |
| Genus: | Mycetinis |
| Species: | M. querceus
|
| Binomial name | |
| Mycetinis querceus (Britzelm.) Antonín & Noordel. (2008)
| |
| Synonyms[1] | |
| |
Mycetinis querceus | |
|---|---|
 | Gills on hymenium |
 | Cap is convex |
 | Hymenium is adnate or adnexed |
 | Stipe is bare |
 | Spore print is white |
 | Ecology is saprotrophic |
 | Edibility is unknown |
Mycetinis querceus (syn. Marasmius querceus) is one of the garlic-scented mushrooms formerly in the genus Marasmius. It has a reddish brown stipe, and usually grows on fallen oak leaves.[1][2]
Description
[edit]The species can be described as follows:[2][3][4]
- The cap is reddish brown to pale brown, and is hygrophanous, drying to a paler colour. It measures around 1-2.5 cm in diameter.
- The gills are white to cream and crowded. The spore powder is white.
- The brownish stem can grow to 10 cm tall and up to 4 mm in diameter. It is powdery ("pruinose") or covered in minute hairs ("pubescent"), a feature which distinguishes it from M. scorodonius.
- The smell is strongly of garlic.
- The spores are roughly ellipsoid and measure 7-10 μm x 4-5 μm.
- There are no cheilocystidia (on the gill edge) or pleurocystidia (on the gill faces).
Naming and related species
[edit]The Latin species name, querceus, means "relating to oak", and refers to its being found commonly on oak leaf litter.[5]
This species was originally defined as Marasmius querceus by the German mycologist Max Britzelmayr in 1896 and it had that name until it was put into the new genus Mycetinis in 2005 (see the Mycetinis page for more details).[2][1]
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The name Marasmius prasiosmus (following Fries) has wrongly been used for this mushroom by some authors, but this is an erroneous synonym because there is a conflict between Fries's description of 1838 (which does represent M. querceus) and his original description of 1818 and 1821 (which legitimately represents a different mushroom).[2][1][4][6]
The pruinose or pubescent reddish brown stipe, together with its habitat on deciduous leaf litter are enough to distinguish it from other European species of Mycetinis.[2][4]
Ecology and distribution
[edit]This mushroom is found in autumn on fallen deciduous leaves, especially those of various types of Quercus.[2][4]
It is uncommon but widespread in Europe, and recorded from North Africa.[2][4]
References
[edit]- ^ a b c d "Mycetinis querceus page". Species Fungorum. Royal Botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 2018-10-29.
- ^ a b c d e f g Antonín, V.; Noordeloos, M. E. (2010). A monograph of marasmioid and collybioid fungi in Europe. Berchtesgaden, DE: IHW Verlag. pp. 400–407. ISBN 978-3-930167-72-2. The key on page 396 shows how to distinguish similar species.
- ^ "Mycetinis querceus page". mycodb.fr. Retrieved 2017-10-29.
- ^ a b c d e Knudsen, H.; Vesterholt, J., eds. (2018). Funga Nordica Agaricoid, boletoid, clavarioid, cyphelloid and gasteroid genera. Copenhagen: Nordsvamp. pp. 361–362. ISBN 978-87-983961-3-0.
- ^ Lewis, Charlton T.; Short, Charles. A Latin Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press. Retrieved 2018-10-29.
- ^ Petersen RH, Hughes KW (2017). "An investigation on Mycetinis (Euagarics, Basidiomycota)". MycoKeys. 26: 1–138. doi:10.3897/mycokeys.24.12846.