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Municipality of Alexandria

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Coordinates: 33°54′36″S 151°11′35″E / 33.910°S 151.193°E / -33.910; 151.193
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Municipality of Alexandria
Sydney, New South Wales
Alexandria Town Hall, pictured in 1943.
Coordinates33°54′36″S 151°11′35″E / 33.910°S 151.193°E / -33.910; 151.193
Population8,060 (1947 census)[1]
 • Density1,919/km2 (4,970/sq mi)
Established27 August 1868
Abolished31 December 1948
Area4.2 km2 (1.6 sq mi)
Council seatAlexandria Town Hall
ParishAlexandria
LGAs around Municipality of Alexandria:
Newtown Redfern Waterloo
Macdonaldtown/
Erskineville		 Municipality of Alexandria Waterloo
St Peters North Botany/Mascot Waterloo

The Municipality of Alexandria was a local government area of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia. Originally part of the municipalities of Redfern from 1859 and Waterloo from 1860, the Borough of Alexandria was proclaimed on 27 August 1868. With an area of 4.2 square kilometres, it included the modern suburbs of Alexandria, Beaconsfield and parts of Eveleigh, St Peters and Erskineville. After a minor boundary change with the Municipality of Erskineville in 1908, the council was amalgamated with the City of Sydney, along with most of its neighbours, with the passing of the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, although the former council area was later transferred in 1968–1982 and 1989–2004 to the South Sydney councils.

Council history and location

[edit]

Early history of incorporation

[edit]

The area that would constitute the municipality of Alexandria was first incorporated as the Waterloo Ward of the Municipality of Redfern in August 1859.[2] Under the provisions of the Municipalities Act, 1858, 250 residents of the area including Alexandria signed a petition which was published in the Government Gazette on 17 January 1860, noting that "they have every reason for believing that their interests, as part of the said Municipality of Redfern, will be seriously injured by their incorporation with such Municipality, and are, therefore, desirous to be separated therefrom, and be and become a separate and distinct Municipality".[3] The area was subsequently proclaimed as the Municipality of Waterloo on 16 May 1860 by Governor Sir William Denison.[4]

Secession of Alexandria

[edit]

In March 1868, a petition of 257 electors (including the first chairman of the Waterloo municipality, Edward Hawkesley) in the Western Ward of Waterloo was published in the Government Gazette arguing for the establishment of a "Borough of Alexandria", noting that "the rates received from the Western Ward have never been wholly expended in that Ward, and that no improvements of a permanent nature are in progress in the said Ward; nor has any sum been voted for that purpose during the past half-year [...] they believe that justice has not been done to them; nor can they hope that their interests will be consulted by the Council as at present constituted."[5] The petition was subsequently accepted by the Government and the Governor Lord Belmore proclaimed the separation of the Borough of Alexandria and the reconstitution of Waterloo on 27 August 1868.[6][7]

It was bounded by the Eveleigh railway yards and Boundary Street to the north, Botany Road in the east, Canal and Gardeners roads to the south and crossing through the suburbs of St Peters and Erskineville in the west.[8] The first nine-member council was elected on 3 October 1868.[9][10]

The first chairman of the Waterloo Municipality, Edward John Hawksley, was elected as the first mayor on 7 October 1868 and laid the foundation stone for the first Town Hall, built by local builder Thomas Shirley, on 8 December.[11] However, Hawksley's term proved short-lived when the mayor of Waterloo, William Moon, disputed his election as an alderman for Alexandria in the Supreme Court. The case, based on electoral roll irregularities, was successful and Hawksley was disqualified from public office, leaving the council without a mayor until the election of Alderman Samuel Sparks on 7 January 1869.[12][13] In a snap election called in February 1869 because of the vacancy, Hawksley was re-elected and was subsequently elected mayor once more.[14]

Expansion and development

[edit]

Over the next sixty years there were few alterations to municipal boundaries centred on the suburb of Alexandria. Rapid industrial and residential development occurred from the 1880s, with the population of the municipality recorded as 7499 in 1705 dwellings by April 1891.[15] It was this development that was noted in an 1887 profile of the municipality in The Sydney Morning Herald:

"Like its immediate neighbours, Alexandria is a working man's borough, nearly all the dwellings being of a humble description. A large humber of industrial occupations are carried on, some being of a slightly unpleasant nature, so far as the olfactory nerves are concerned. Among others, may be mentioned-boiling-down establishments, tanneries, soap and candle works, and a varnish factory, the whole employing a considerable number of hands."[16]

The Alexandria Town Hall in Garden Street was designed and completed by Ferdinand Reuss Snr in 1881, with major alterations completed by architects D. T. Morrow and Gordon in 1928.[17][18][19][20] In February 1883 a petition was submitted to the Government for the division of the borough into three wards.[21] The division of the borough into East Ward, West Ward and South Ward was subsequently proclaimed on 22 June 1883.[22] In January 1886, owing to the growth in population in the South Ward, a further petition was submitted for the division of the ward into two, adding "Beaconsfield Ward".[23] This was accepted and proclaimed on 16 June 1886.[24]

By 1891, the tramline along Botany road was constructed, the road itself the major thoroughfare in the municipality being laid out in 1821. From 28 December 1906, following the passing of the Local Government Act, 1906, the council was renamed as the "Municipality of Alexandria". By 1943, when the municipality celebrated 75 years of existence, Alexandria was the largest industrial district in Australia, and known as the "Birmingham of Australia", a term coined by the long-serving alderman and mayor of Alexandria, Michael O'Riordan.[25][26]

Later history

[edit]

By the end of the Second World War, the NSW Government had come to the conclusion that its ideas of infrastructure expansion could not be realised by the present system of the mostly-poor inner-city municipal councils and the Minister for Local Government, Joseph Cahill, passed a bill in 1948 that abolished a significant number of those councils. Under the Local Government (Areas) Act 1948, Alexandria Municipal Council was merged, along with most of its neighbours, with the larger neighbouring City of Sydney which was located to the North.

Mayors

[edit]
John Dacey, Mayor 1888–1890
Mayors Party Term start Term end Notes
Edward John Hawksley None 7 October 1868 11 December 1868 [27][28]
Samuel Sparks 7 January 1869 10 February 1869 [29]
Edward John Hawksley 10 February 1869 10 February 1870 [30]
William Bryant 10 February 1870 17 February 1872 [31][32][33]
George Bretnall 17 February 1872 13 February 1874 [34][35]
George E. Wood 13 February 1874 February 1875 [36]
Stephen John Foskett February 1875 12 February 1878 [37][38][39]
Charles Brandling Henderson 12 February 1878 12 February 1884 [40][41][42][43][44][45][46]
Charles Jesson 12 February 1884 8 February 1887 [47][48][49]
Stephen John Foskett 8 February 1887 15 February 1888 [50]
John Dacey 15 February 1888 14 February 1890 [51][52][53]
John Turner 14 February 1890 11 February 1891 [54]
James Ralph 11 February 1891 10 February 1892 [55]
William Marr 10 February 1892 23 February 1893 [56]
John Harden 23 February 1893 14 February 1895 [57]
James Christie Horne 14 February 1895 13 February 1896 [58]
Ernest Banner 13 February 1896 11 February 1897 [59]
John Harden 11 February 1897 9 February 1898 [60]
Michael O'Riordan 9 February 1898 15 February 1899 [61]
Alfred Moles 15 February 1899 13 February 1900 [62]
Ernest Banner 13 February 1900 February 1901 [63][64][65]
Michael O'Riordan February 1901 February 1902 [66]
David Turnbull Brown 13 February 1902 12 February 1903 [67]
James Ralph 12 February 1903 February 1904 [68]
Frederick Charles Loveridge February 1904 16 February 1905 [69]
Michael O'Riordan 16 February 1905 15 February 1906 [70]
Samuel Alexander McCauley 15 February 1906 February 1912 [71][72][73][74][75][76]
Michael O'Riordan February 1912 February 1914 [77]
James Ralph February 1914 3 February 1915 [78]
Edward F. Lawson 3 February 1915 February 1917 [79][80]
William Henry Wassall February 1917 February 1918 [81]
John Joseph Collins February 1918 February 1920 [82][83]
William Henry Wassall February 1920 7 December 1922 [84][85][86]
George James Stokes 7 December 1922 December 1923 [87]
Joseph Rogers December 1923 December 1924 [88]
William Henry Smith   Labor December 1924 December 1925 [89]
William Charles Ellis   Progressive December 1925 December 1926 [90]
John Joseph Collins December 1926 December 1928 [91][92]
Joseph Bowden   Labor / Labor (NSW) December 1928 December 1931 [93][94][95]
Richard Power   Labor (NSW) December 1931 December 1932 [96]
Charles Humphries December 1932 December 1933 [97]
Samuel Chenhall December 1933 December 1934 [98]
Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry December 1934 December 1935 [99]
Richard Power   Labor (NSW) / Labor December 1935 December 1936 [100]
Samuel Chenhall   Labor December 1936 December 1937 [101]
Fred Green December 1937 December 1938 [102]
Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry December 1938 December 1939 [103]
Sydney Henry Gordon Alexander December 1939 December 1940 [104]
William Henry Smith December 1940 December 1942 [105][106]
Samuel Chenhall December 1942 December 1943 [107]
Hugh Vincent McConville December 1943 December 1944 [108]
Fred Green December 1944 December 1945
Arthur Reginald Horatio Perry December 1945 December 1946 [109]
John Joseph Collins December 1946 December 1947 [110]
Kevin Dwyer December 1947 31 December 1948 [111][112]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Spearritt, Peter (2000). Sydney's Century: A History. Sydney: UNSW Press. pp. 272–273.
  2. ^ "MUNICIPALITY OF REDFERN. (155)". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. 13 August 1859. p. 1765. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via Trove.
  3. ^ "PETITION FOR SEPARATION FROM REDFERN". New South Wales Government Gazette. No. 13. 17 January 1860. p. 100. Retrieved 13 October 2016 – via Trove.
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  5. ^ "SEPARATION OF THE BOROUGH OF WATERLOO. (63)". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. 17 March 1868. p. 741. Retrieved 14 October 2016 – via Trove.
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  7. ^ "PROCLAMATION. (213)". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. 31 August 1868. p. 2914. Retrieved 14 October 2016 – via Trove.
  8. ^ Gregory's Street Directory of Sydney and Suburbs. 1st Edition, 1934. The Australian Guide Book Co, Sydney.
  9. ^ "Private Advertisements. Borough of Alexandria (248)". Government Gazette of the State of New South Wales. 9 October 1868. p. 3457. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via Trove.
  10. ^ "Borough of Alexandria". The Sydney Morning Herald. 6 October 1868. p. 4. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via Trove.
  11. ^ "LAYING THE FOUNDATION STONE OF THE TOWN HALL AT ALEXANDRIA". Empire. 9 December 1868. p. 2. Retrieved 26 March 2017 – via Trove.
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  15. ^ Histories of Green Square Archived 2011-03-14 at the Wayback Machine City Of Sydney, accessed 18 March 2011.
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  28. ^ First Chairman of Waterloo Municipality, 1860–1861.
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  33. ^ Last Chairman and first Mayor of Waterloo Municipality, 1867–1868.
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  46. ^ Previously Alderman and Mayor of Macdonaldtown, 1874–1878.
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