Muhammad Hasan, Khan of Ganja

Muhammad Hasan Khan
Muhammad Hasan Khan
Khan of Ganja
Reign	1768 - 1778
Predecessor	Shahverdi Khan of Ganja
Successor	Muhammad Khan
Born	1742
Died	1778
Noble family	Ziyadoghlu Qajar
Father	Shahverdi Khan of Ganja
Mother	Gulgoncha

Muhammad Hasan Khan (1742–1778) was the second Khan of Ganja from 1768 to 1780 from the Ziyadoglu branch of the Qajar clan who ruled the Beylerbeylik of Karabakh as hereditary governors.^[1]^[2]

Background

He was born in 1742^[3] to Shahverdi Khan and his Armenian wife Gulgoncha in Ganja.

Reign

He came to power in 1768^[4] or 1761^[5] after the murder of his father, Shahverdi Khan, with the Georgian help. He paid great attention to the economic development of the Ganja Khanate, especially to the development of sericulture. Khan invited many silkworm breeders from Georgia to permanent residence in Ganja, causing a negative reaction from Heraclius II, who instructed his wife, Queen Darejan, to take measures to prevent this resettlement. Queen, who at that time was actually involved in all government affairs, ordered the treasurer of the court, Joseph, to return the settlers in any way possible.^[6]

According to Bakikhanov, in 1769, Utsmi of Qaytaq, Emir Hamza with 3000 selected cavalry passed through Derbend, Quba and Shirvan and attacked Ardabil. Having devastated this region, he attacked Ganja through Karabakh and ruined its surroundings more than the Ardabil district. After that, through Shaki, Akhty, and the Kura, he returned Muhammad Hasan Khan had to seek help from the ruler of Kartli-Kakheti.^[7] According to Nikita Panin's report in 1770, he was still paying 10.000 tomans to Georgia as tribute.^[8]

Death

In 1778, during the palace strife, his brother Muhammad Khan overthrew him and took power in Ganja into his own hands.^[4] Some sources report his death date as 1792.^[3] He had a son named Ali agha.

References

^ Russian embassies to the Georgian kings, 1589-1605. Volume 1. W. E. D. Allen, Sergeĭ Alekseevich Belokurov, Anthony Mango. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate. 2010. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-4094-3246-3. OCLC 759159970.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)
^ Tapper, Richard (1997). Frontier nomads of Iran : a political and social history of the Shahsevan. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. pp. 114–115. ISBN 0-585-03973-9. OCLC 42854663.
^ ^a ^b Berge, Adolf (1875). Акты, собранные Кавказской археографической комиссией [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission]. Tbilisi. p. 905.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ ^a ^b Bournoutian, George A. (2021). From the Kur to the Aras : a military history of Russia's move into the South Caucasus and the first Russo-Iranian war, 1801-1813. Leiden. p. 252. ISBN 978-90-04-44516-1. OCLC 1233024208.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Akopyan, Alexander V (Autumn 2008). "Ganja Coins of Georgian Types, AH 1200–1205" (PDF). Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society. 197 (Supplement: Caucasian Numismatics, Papers on the Coinage of Kartl-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia), 1744–1801): 47–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-11.
^ Hamidova, Sh.P. (1985). Азербайджано-грузинские отношения во второй половине XVIII века [Azerbaijani-Georgian relations in the second half of the 18th century. B.]. Baku. p. 65.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
^ Babayev 2003, p. 22.
^ Zaqareli, Alexander (1891). Грамоты и другие исторические документы XVIII столетия, относящиеся к Грузии [Letters and other historical documents of the 18th century related to Georgia] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg. p. 434.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

Sources

Babayev, Elgun (2003). Из истории Гянджинского ханства [From the history of the Ganja Khanate] (PDF) (in Russian). Baku: Nurlan.

Preceded by Shah Verdi Khan	Khan of Ganja 1768–1778	Succeeded by Muhammad Khan

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[1] Russian embassies to the Georgian kings, 1589-1605. Volume 1. W. E. D. Allen, Sergeĭ Alekseevich Belokurov, Anthony Mango. Farnham, Surrey, England: Ashgate. 2010. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-4094-3246-3. OCLC 759159970.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link)

[2] Tapper, Richard (1997). Frontier nomads of Iran : a political and social history of the Shahsevan. New York, NY, USA: Cambridge University Press. pp. 114–115. ISBN 0-585-03973-9. OCLC 42854663.

[:1-3] Berge, Adolf (1875). Акты, собранные Кавказской археографической комиссией [Acts collected by the Caucasian Archaeographic Commission]. Tbilisi. p. 905.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[:0-4] Bournoutian, George A. (2021). From the Kur to the Aras : a military history of Russia's move into the South Caucasus and the first Russo-Iranian war, 1801-1813. Leiden. p. 252. ISBN 978-90-04-44516-1. OCLC 1233024208.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[5] Akopyan, Alexander V (Autumn 2008). "Ganja Coins of Georgian Types, AH 1200–1205" (PDF). Journal of the Oriental Numismatic Society. 197 (Supplement: Caucasian Numismatics, Papers on the Coinage of Kartl-Kakheti (Eastern Georgia), 1744–1801): 47–52. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-12-11.

[6] Hamidova, Sh.P. (1985). Азербайджано-грузинские отношения во второй половине XVIII века [Azerbaijani-Georgian relations in the second half of the 18th century. B.]. Baku. p. 65.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

[FOOTNOTEBabayev200322-7] Babayev 2003, p. 22.

[8] Zaqareli, Alexander (1891). Грамоты и другие исторические документы XVIII столетия, относящиеся к Грузии [Letters and other historical documents of the 18th century related to Georgia] (in Russian). Saint Petersburg. p. 434.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)

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