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Monoethnicity

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Monoethnicity is the existence of a single ethnic group in a given region or country. It is the opposite of polyethnicity.

An example of a largely monoethnic country is Japan. It is a common belief in Japan that the entire country is monoethnic, but a few ethnic minorities live in Japan (e.g. Koreans, Ainus, and Ryukyuans).[1] They represent around 1% of the whole population.[2]

South Korea is another monoethnic country. There are small ethnic minorities that exist in South Korea, where they account for around 1% of the South Korean population. These include around 650,000 Chinese immigrants.[3]

Most African countries have what would be considered a mono-racial society, but it is common to find dozens of ethnic groups within the same country.

The Yugoslav Wars are noted as having made Yugoslavia's successor states "de facto and de jure monoethnic nation-states",[4] with Bosnia and Herzegovina further diving itself into mono-ethnic enclaves.[5]

Monoethnic countries with more than 85%

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Sovereign states

Rank Country Population Dominant group % Ref
1  Maldives 379,270 Maldivians 100% [6]
2  North Korea 24,252,231 Koreans 99.9% [7][8]
3  Lesotho 2,203,821 Basotho 99.7% [9]
4  Egypt 106,437,241 Egyptians
(including Copts) 		99% [10]
5  Morocco 37,112,080 Moroccans 99% [11]
6  Cyprus 1,266,676 (not including Northern Cyprus) Greek Cypriots 98.8% [12]
7  Japan[13][14][15] 126,702,133 Japanese 98.5% [16]
8  Armenia[17][18][19] 3,018,854 Armenians 98.1% [20]
9  Algeria 44,700,000 Algerians 98% [21]
10  Albania 2,876,591 Albanians 98% [22]
11  Tunisia 11,721,177 Tunisians 98% [23]
12  Hungary 9,937,628 Hungarians 98% [24]
13  Bangladesh 162,951,560[25] Bengalis 98% [26]
14  Jordan 10,945,512 Arabs 98% [27]
15  Mongolia 3,081,677 Mongols 97% [28]
16  Poland[29][30] 38,523,261 Poles 96.9% [31]
17  South Korea 51,446,201 Koreans 96% [32]
18  Portugal 10,839,514 Portuguese 95.9% [33]
19  Lebanon 6,859,408 Lebanese 95% [34]
20  Czech Republic 10,610,947 Czechs 95% [35]
21  Haiti 11,439,646 Afro-Haitians 95% [36]
22  Iceland 332,529 Icelanders 94% [37]
23  Finland 5,537,364 Finns 93.5% [38]
24  Greece 11,183,716 Greeks 93% [39]
25  China 1,384,688,986 Han Chinese 91.6% [40]
26  Azerbaijan 9,951,400 Azerbaijanis 94.8% [41]
27  Croatia 3,871,833 Croats 91.6% [42]
28  Italy 60,483,973 Italians 91.5% [43]
29  Cambodia 15,552,211 Khmers 90% [44]
30  Romania 16,792,868 Romanians 88.9% [45]
31  Ukraine 41,554,836 (unoccupied territory) Ukrainians ~87%[failed verification] [46]
32  Georgia 3,716,858 (unoccupied territory) Georgians 86.8% [47]
33  Denmark 5,873,420 Danes 86.11% [48]
34  Thailand 59,878,001 Thais 86% [49]
35  Vietnam 96,208,984 Vietnamese 85.3% [50]
36  Somalia 15,893,219 Somalis 85% [51]
37  Turkmenistan 6,031,187 Turkmens 85% [52]

Unrecognized states and dependent territories

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Country Population Dominant group % Ref
 Palestine 5,483,450 Palestinian Arab 91% [53][54]
 Northern Cyprus 265,100 Turkish Cypriots 99.2% [55]
 Somaliland 3,500,000 Somalis 99% [56]
 Republic of China (Taiwan) 23,347,374 Han Chinese 97% [57] [58]
 Hong Kong 7,249,907 Cantonese people and Taishanese people 92% [59]
 Kosovo 1,586,659 Albanians 92% [60]
 Greenland 55,877 Inuit 89.7% [61]
 South Ossetia 53,532 Ossetians 89.9% [62]
 Macau 614,458 Cantonese people and Macanese people 88.7% [63]
 Åland 30,696 Ålanders 86.5% [64]

See also

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References

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  2. ^ (in Japanese) [1] Archived 14 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine 平成２４年末現在における外国人登録者統計について].
  3. ^ "Trying to teach South Korea about discrimination", The Los Angeles Times, 24 February 2009
  4. ^ Dempsey, Gary (2002), Exiting the Balkan Thicket, Cato Institute, pp. 91–, ISBN 978-1-930865-17-4
  5. ^ Memisevic, Ehlimana (5 December 2022). "How Bosnia and Herzegovina is enshrining discrimination". Middle East Eye. Retrieved 17 March 2023.
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  13. ^ Haarmann, Harald (1986), Language in Ethnicity: A View of Basic Ecological Relations, Walter de Gruyter, p. 209, ISBN 9783110862805, Japan is widely believed to be a monolingual country with a monoethnic population...
  14. ^ Henders, Susan J. (2006). Democratization and Identity: Regimes and Ethnicity in East and Southeast Asia. Lexington Books. p. 117. ISBN 9780739107676. Many Japanese take it for granted that they live in a monoethnic society...
  15. ^ Fackler, Martin (29 May 2015). "Biracial Beauty Queen Challenges Japan's Self-Image". The New York Times. ...a country that still regards itself as mono-ethnic.
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  18. ^ Department of International Relations Association (1997). Gotchev, Atanas (ed.). The New European security architecture and issues of early warning and conflict prevention. Albatros. p. 110. Thus Armenia became the most mono-ethnic country in the CIS and the Middle East.
  19. ^ Cornell, Svante (2005). Small Nations and Great Powers: A Study of Ethnopolitical Conflict in the Caucasus. Routledge. p. 129. ISBN 9781135796693. Whereas Armenia is now basically a mono- ethnic state...
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  30. ^ Cienski, Jan (9 May 2013). "Coming soon to Poland – Vietnamese banking". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 15 June 2013. Retrieved 22 December 2016. Monoethnic and monocultural Poland...
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  64. ^ "Åland", ÅSUB, retrieved 5 November 2024
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