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Mpox in Nigeria

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Mpox in Nigeria
DiseaseMpox
Virus strainMonkeypox virus
First reported1971

Two cases of human mpox infections were identified in Nigeria in 1971. In 2017, the disease reemerged in humans in Nigeria after 39 years.[1] By the end of 2017, there were at least 115 confirmed cases.[2]

History

Mpox in 1971

When the first cases of human mpox were identified in the DRC, Liberia and Sierre Leone in 1970, there were no detected cases in Nigeria, and surveillance of several non-human primates in Nigeria did not identify any monkeypox virus.[3] Two cases of mpox were first identified in Nigeria in 1971.[4] The first case was a four-year-old female, whose rash began on 9 April.[5]

2017 onwards

In 2017, mpox reemerged in humans in Nigeria after 39-years.[1][6]

The first exportations of mpox out of Africa via affected humans occurred in September 2018, when three unrelated affected people from Nigeria travelled to the UK and Israel.[7]

In May 2019, a 38-year-old man who travelled from Nigeria was hospitalised in an isolation ward at the National Centre for Infectious Diseases in Singapore, after being confirmed as Singapore's first detected case of mpox.[8] The case may have been linked to a simultaneous outbreak in Nigeria.[9]

In 2021, cases of mpox were reported in Delta, Lagos, Bayelsa, Rivers, Edo, Federal Capital Territory, Niger, and Ogun.[10]

References

  1. ^ a b Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola; Aruna, Olusola; Dalhat, Mahmood; Ogoina, Dimie; McCollum, Andrea; Disu, Yahyah; Mamadu, Ibrahim; Akinpelu, Afolabi; Ahmad, Adama; Burga, Joel; Ndoreraho, Adolphe; Nkunzimana, Edouard; Manneh, Lamin; Mohammed, Amina; Adeoye, Olawunmi; Tom-Aba, Daniel; Silenou, Bernard; Ipadeola, Oladipupo; Saleh, Muhammad; Adeyemo, Ayodele; Nwadiutor, Ifeoma; Aworabhi, Neni; Uke, Patience; John, Doris; Wakama, Paul; Reynolds, Mary; Mauldin, Matthew R.; Doty, Jeffrey; Wilkins, Kimberly; Musa, Joy; Khalakdina, Asheena; Adedeji, Adebayo; Mba, Nwando; Ojo, Olubunmi; Krause, Gerard; Ihekweazu, Chikwe (August 2019). "Outbreak of human monkeypox in Nigeria in 2017-18: a clinical and epidemiological report". The Lancet. Infectious Diseases. 19 (8): 872–879. doi:10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30294-4. ISSN 1474-4457. PMC 9628943. PMID 31285143. S2CID 195842553.
  2. ^ Sutcliffe, Catherine G.; Rimone, Anne W.; Moss, William J. (2020). "32.2. Poxviruses". In Ryan, Edward T.; Hill, David R.; Solomon, Tom; Aronson, Naomi; Endy, Timothy P. (eds.). Hunter's Tropical Medicine and Emerging Infectious Diseases E-Book (Tenth ed.). Edinburgh: Elsevier. pp. 272–277. ISBN 978-0-323-55512-8.
  3. ^ Cho, C. T.; Wenner, H. A. (March 1973). "Monkeypox virus". Bacteriological Reviews. 37 (1): 1–18. doi:10.1128/br.37.1.1-18.1973. ISSN 0005-3678. PMC 413801. PMID 4349404.
  4. ^ Breman JG, Kalisa R, Steniowski MV, Zanotto E, Gromyko AI, Arita I (1980). "Human monkeypox, 1970-79". Bull World Health Organ. 58 (2): 165–182. PMC 2395797. PMID 6249508.
  5. ^ Arita, I; Henderson, DA (1976). "Monkeypox and whitepox viruses in West and Central Africa". Bulletin of the World Health Organization. 53 (4): 347–53. PMC 2366520. PMID 186209.
  6. ^ Phoobane, Paulina; Masinde, Muthoni; Mabhaudhi, Tafadzwanashe (8 February 2022). "Predicting Infectious Diseases: A Bibliometric Review on Africa". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health. 19 (3): 1893. doi:10.3390/ijerph19031893. ISSN 1660-4601. PMC 8835071. PMID 35162917.
  7. ^ Mauldin, Matthew R.; McCollum, Andrea M.; Nakazawa, Yoshinori J.; Mandra, Anna; Whitehouse, Erin R.; Davidson, Whitni; Zhao, Hui; Gao, Jinxin; Li, Yu; Doty, Jeffrey; Yinka-Ogunleye, Adesola; Akinpelu, Afolabi; Aruna, Olusola; Naidoo, Dhamari; Lewandowski, Kuiama; Afrough, Babak; Graham, Victoria; Aarons, Emma; Hewson, Roger; Vipond, Richard; Dunning, Jake; Chand, Meera; Brown, Colin; Cohen-Gihon, Inbar; Erez, Noam; Shifman, Ohad; Israeli, Ofir; Sharon, Melamed; Schwartz, Eli; Beth-Din, Adi; Zvi, Anat; Mak, Tze Minn; Ng, Yi Kai; Cui, Lin; Lin, Raymond T. P.; Olson, Victoria A.; Brooks, Tim; Paran, Nir; Ihekweazu, Chikwe; Reynolds, Mary G. (19 April 2022). "Exportation of Monkeypox Virus From the African Continent". The Journal of Infectious Diseases. 225 (8): 1367–1376. doi:10.1093/infdis/jiaa559. ISSN 1537-6613. PMC 1917298. PMID 2880628.
  8. ^ "News Scan for May 09, 2019, Singapore sees first monkeypox case – in Nigerian national". CIDRAP. University of Minnesota. 9 May 2019. Archived from the original on 10 May 2019. Retrieved 10 May 2019.
  9. ^ "Monkeypox – Singapore". World Health Organization (WHO). 16 May 2019. Archived from the original on 1 July 2019. Retrieved 17 May 2019.
  10. ^ "Monkeypox in Nigeria - Watch - Level 1, Practice Usual Precautions - Travel Health Notices | Travelers' Health | CDC". wwwnc.cdc.gov. 30 November 2021. Archived from the original on 21 May 2023. Retrieved 21 May 2023.
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