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Mizuho (train)

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Mizuho
JR West N700-7000 series Shinkansen, November 2019
Overview
Service typeShinkansen (Express)
StatusOperational
First service1 October 1961 (Limited express)
12 March 2011 (Shinkansen)
Current operator(s)Logo of the Kyushu Railway Company (JR Kyushu). JR Kyushu
Logo of the West Railway Company (JR West) JR West
Former operator(s)JNR
Route
TerminiShin-Osaka
Kagoshima-Chuo
Line(s) usedKyushu Shinkansen, San'yō Shinkansen, Tokaido Shinkansen
On-board services
Class(es)Standard + Green
Catering facilitiesTrolley service
Technical
Rolling stockN700-7000/8000 series
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in)
Electrification25 kV AC overhead
Operating speed300 km/h (190 mph) (San'yō Shinkansen), 260 km/h (160 mph) (Kyushu Shinkansen)

The Mizuho (みずほ) is a limited-stop Shinkansen service operated between Shin-Osaka and Kagoshima-Chuo in Japan since 12 March 2011, following the completion of the Kyushu Shinkansen.[1] The name was formerly used for a limited express sleeping car service operated by JNR from 1961, which ran from Tokyo to Kumamoto, and was discontinued in December 1994. The name "mizuho (瑞穂)" literally means "abundant rice" in Japanese and "harvest" in the figurative sense. It was also an ancient name of Japan.[citation needed]

Foreigners traveling with a Japan Rail Pass are required to purchase a special ticket to use the Mizuho service.[2]

Train formation

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Mizuho services are operated by 8-car JR West N700-7000 series and JR Kyushu N700-8000 series trainsets, with car 1 at the Kagoshima-Chuo end. All seats are non-smoking.[3][4]

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Class Non-reserved Non-reserved Non-reserved Reserved Reserved Green Reserved Reserved
Facilities Toilet   Smoking compartment (discontinued), toilet   Toilet   Smoking compartment (discontinued), toilet, wheelchair space  

In 2021, payphones were removed from cars 3 and 8.

In 2024, the smoking compartments were discontinued as smoking is banned on all Shinkansen lines.[5]

  • N700-7000 series Green car interior
    N700-7000 series Green car interior
  • N700-7000 series standard-class reserved car interior
    N700-7000 series standard-class reserved car interior
  • N700-7000 series standard-class non-reserved car interior
    N700-7000 series standard-class non-reserved car interior

History

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Limited express sleeping car service

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Mizuho service at Kumamoto, hauled by an ED76 electric locomotive, 1987

The Mizuho was first introduced on 1 October 1961 as a seasonal limited express sleeper train service, which ran from Tokyo to Kumamoto in Kyushu, supplementing the three existing limited express services, Asakaze, Sakura, and Hayabusa, operating between Tokyo and Kyushu.[6] From 1 October the following year, the service was upgraded from a "seasonal" service to become a daily service.[6]

The typical formation at this time was as shown below, with car 1 at the Kumamoto end. Cars 8 to 13 ran only between Hakata and Tokyo.[7]

Car No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Type HaFu 43 RoNe 10 Ro 54 Shi 17 HaNe 11 HaNe 11 HaFu 45 HaNe 17 HaNe 17 HaNe 17 HaNe 17 HaNe 17 HaFu 43

From 1 June 1963, 20 series coaches were added to the formation, and the train divided and joined at Moji to serve Oita via the Nippo Main Line in addition to Kumamoto.[6]

The schedule was as shown below.[6]

Service From To
Down Tokyo (18:20) Oita (12:55) / Kumamoto (13:20)
Up Kumamoto (16:30) / Oita (16:50) Tokyo (11:30)

The typical formation at this time was as shown below, with car 1 at the Kumamoto end. Cars 1 to 7 ran between Tokyo and Kumamoto, while cars 8 to 13 ran between Tokyo and Oita.[7]

Car No.   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
Type Ni 22 RoNe 22 Shi 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaFu 21 RoNe 21 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaFu 20

From October 1964, the Mizuho service once again became a direct service between Tokyo and Kumamoto following the introduction of the Fuji service running between Tokyo and Oita.[6]

The typical formation at this time was as shown below, with car 1 at the Kumamoto end. Cars 8 to 14 ran between Tokyo and Hakata only.[7]

Car No.   1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14
Type Ni 22 RoNe 21 Shi 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaFu 21 RoNe 21 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaNe 20 HaFu 20

From March 1972, new 14 series sleeping cars were introduced on Mizuho services, replacing the 20 series cars.[6]

From June 1991, dining car facilities were discontinued, and the Mizuho service itself was discontinued from 3 December 1994.[6]

Shinkansen

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On 20 October 2010, it was formally announced by JR West and JR Kyushu that the Mizuho name would be used once again from 12 March 2011 for the new limited-stop Shinkansen services operating between Shin-Osaka and Kagoshima-Chūō using new JR West and JR Kyushu N700-7000 and N700-8000 series 8-car trainsets with a fastest journey time of 3 hours 45 minutes, some 25 minutes faster than the Sakura services.

Most trains stop only at Shin-Kobe, Okayama, Hiroshima, Kokura, Hakata, and Kumamoto, operating at a maximum speed of 300 km/h (190 mph) on the Sanyo Shinkansen and 260 km/h (160 mph) on the Kyushu Shinkansen.[4] The services are aimed primarily at the business market, with two return services in the morning and two in the evening.[1] An additional daily return working was added from 17 March 2012, increasing the number of services from four to five.

By 15 March 2014, there were six daily return workings per direction, with two trains stopping at Himeji to boost connectivity in the Kansai region. As of 14 March 2020, there are eight daily return workings per direction, with some trains making additional stops at Sendai, Kurume, Shin-Yamaguchi, Fukuyama or Himeji.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b 新幹線「みずほ」鹿児島―大阪３時間４５分 ["Mizuho" Shinkansen: Kagoshima - Osaka 3 hrs 45 mins]. Yomiuri Online (in Japanese). The Yomiuri Shimbun. 21 October 2010. Archived from the original on 24 July 2011. Retrieved 10 March 2011.
  2. ^ "Use of "NOZOMI" and "MIZUHO" Shinkansen bullet trains". Japan Railways Group. Retrieved 3 November 2023.
  3. ^ JR Timetable, March 2012 issue, P.998
  4. ^ a b JR電車編成表 2012夏 [JR EMU Formations - Summer 2012]. Japan: JRR. May 2012. pp. 129–207. ISBN 978-4-330-28612-9.
  5. ^ "Smokers bitter as cigarettes banned on all Shinkansen lines | The Asahi Shimbun: Breaking News, Japan News and Analysis". The Asahi Shimbun. Retrieved 17 May 2024.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g Teramoto, Mitsuteru (July 2001). 国鉄・ＪＲ列車名大辞典 [JNR & JR Train Name Encyclopedia]. Tokyo, Japan: Chuoshoin Publishing Co., Ltd. pp. 535–536. ISBN 4-88732-093-0.
  7. ^ a b c Teramoto, Mitsuteru (October 1973). "国鉄急行列車・愛称変遷史" [JNR Express Train Services - A History of Name Changes]. The Railway Pictorial. 24 (284). Japan: Denkisha Kenkyūkai: 63–66.
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