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Mississippi City, Mississippi

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Coordinates: 30°22′55″N 89°02′38″W / 30.38186°N 89.04392°W / 30.38186; -89.04392
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Mississippi City, Mississippi
Unincorporated community
Mississippi City, Mississippi is located in Mississippi
Mississippi City, Mississippi
Mississippi City, Mississippi
Location within the state of Mississippi
Coordinates: 30°22′55″N 89°02′38″W / 30.38186°N 89.04392°W / 30.38186; -89.04392
CountryUnited States
StateMississippi
CountyHarrison
Elevation
20 ft (6 m)
Time zoneUTC-6 (Central (CST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC-5 (CDT)
GNIS feature ID673696[1]

Mississippi City is an unincorporated community in Harrison County, Mississippi, United States.[2] It is part of the Gulfport–Biloxi, Mississippi Metropolitan Statistical Area. The community was annexed by Gulfport, Mississippi in 1965.

History

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Louisville and Nashville Railroad Depot, circa 1910.

As the original county seat for Harrison County, Mississippi City was one of the most important towns on the Mississippi Gulf Coast in the latter half of the 19th century.[3] In 1869 and 1870, the Louisville and Nashville Railroad (L&NRR) was constructed through the southernmost section of Harrison County, connecting New Orleans, Louisiana, and Mobile, Alabama.[4] Mississippi City was situated on the L&NRR, approximately 71 miles (114 km) east of New Orleans. In 1900, the population of Mississippi City was 534 and increased to 800 by 1906. At that time, the town had both public and private schools, a courthouse, post office, hotels, and several churches. Because of the mild climate, the town's beach location on the Mississippi Sound attracted visitors throughout the year. Mississippi City served as the county seat of Harrison County from 1841 to 1902.[5]

In 1841, the Mississippi Legislature deliberated over prospective sites for a state university. Numerous Mississippi towns were considered, but in the final ballots, only Mississippi City and Oxford remained in contention. On January 21, 1841, the lawmakers selected Oxford over Mississippi City by a vote of 58 to 57 as the location for the University of Mississippi.[6]

On February 7, 1882, in front of the Barnes Hotel (aka Gulf View Hotel), at Mississippi City, John L. Sullivan knocked out Patrick ‘Paddy' Ryan in the ninth round of a bareknuckle fight for the heavyweight championship.[7][8] Built entirely of hand-hewn pine lumber, the two-story Barnes Hotel was constructed before the American Civil War.[9] At the time of the Sullivan – Ryan fight, it was described as the largest and oldest hotel on the Mississippi Gulf Coast and catered to planters, steamboat operators, merchants, and gamblers.[9] In August 1898, the Barnes Hotel was completely destroyed by fire of unknown origin.[9]

St. Mark's Episcopal Church, Miss. City
Jefferson Davis Speech

In 1877, Jefferson Davis, former president of the Confederate States of America, moved to Beauvoir Plantation in Biloxi and remained there until his death in 1889.[10] During those years, Davis became a member of St. Mark's Episcopal Church, which was located in Mississippi City, and served on the church Vestry.[11] In March 1888, at the courthouse in Mississippi City, Davis gave a speech pleading for unity of all U.S. citizens after the American Civil War.[12]

Before the 20th century, Mississippi City had a colorful history as the site of courtroom gunfights, political debates, saloon brawls, and mule races.[12]

Courthouse complex circa 1900
Re-creation of the Mississippi City Grand Jury Courthouse, 2011

Harry G. Gibson (1870–1898), a native of Indiana, was indicted on January 17, 1898, by a grand jury of the Circuit Court of Harrison County, Mississippi. On July 16, 1898, Gibson was hanged at Mississippi City for the murder of John S. Parkhurst (1827–1897) and Caroline Boardman Parkhurst (1832–1897). He was the first person legally executed for a crime in Harrison County.[13]

Although Mississippi City experienced an extraordinary history, financial problems and politics prevented the community from achieving city status.[12] The community lost its independent identity in 1965 when it was annexed by the city of Gulfport.[14]

In the early 1890s, the Harrison County Courthouse was located in a complex at Mississippi City along with other courthouse buildings.[15][16] The last remaining of these buildings had served as a grand jury room and clerks' offices, but it was destroyed in 2005 by Hurricane Katrina. In the aftermath of the hurricane, government officials committed to construct a period-style re-creation of the old grand jury courthouse, along with historical modifications, to serve as a visible reminder of historic buildings on the Mississippi Gulf Coast.[12]

Mississippi City Cemetery

Mississippi City cemetery

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Mississippi City cemetery is located at 232, 321⁄2 Street (30°23′23″N 89°03′09″W / 30.38972°N 89.05250°W / 30.38972; -89.05250) in Gulfport.[17] As of 2016, there were about 880 graves in the cemetery, with the earliest burials dating from the 1840s.[18] Notable interments include Blind Roosevelt Graves (1909–1962)[19] and Confederate veterans from the American Civil War.[20] In August 2016, the cemetery was being considered for a scene in a made-for-TV movie – A Deadly Affair.[17][21]

In September 2024, a group of students from the University of Southern Mississippi and students from Pass Road Elementary worked together to clean up the cemetery and make gravestones readable.[22]

Notable people

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References

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  1. ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Mississippi City, Mississippi
  2. ^ Mississippi hometown locator.
  3. ^ Dunbar Rowland (Editor). 1907. Encyclopedia of Mississippi history: comprising sketches of counties, towns, events, institutions and persons, Volume 2. S. A. Brant, Madison, Wisconsin
  4. ^ History of Harrison County Archived March 24, 2012, at the Wayback Machine
  5. ^ "City of Gulfport|Early History". The Historical Society of Gulfport. Retrieved 2020-08-06.
  6. ^ Sansing, David G. 1999. The University of Mississippi: a sesquicentennial history. The University of Mississippi, Jackson, Mississippi.
  7. ^ "John L. Sullivan | American boxer". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 2018-08-11.
  8. ^ Sullivan wins the fight Archived September 28, 2011, at the Wayback Machine
  9. ^ a b c "Barnes Hotel/ Gulf View Destroyed by Fire". Aug 30, 1898. p. 2. Retrieved May 4, 2024 – via newspapers.com.
  10. ^ Staff (July 11, 2017). "Harrison County". Mississippi Encyclopedia. Retrieved 2021-05-27.
  11. ^ "St. Mark's Episcopal Church|Gulfport, Mississippi" (PDF). s3.amazonaws.com/.
  12. ^ a b c d Site of Davis’ final speech resurrected Archived February 19, 2009, at the Wayback Machine
  13. ^ Biloxi, Mississippi History Archived 2012-07-01 at the Wayback Machine
  14. ^ Mississippi City Methodist Church Archived September 1, 2010, at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Mississippi City courthouse Archived 2008-09-19 at the Wayback Machine
  16. ^ Gulfport, Mississippi, 1898-1973 Diamond Jubilee Album. 1973. Abbey Commercial Printers and Stationers, Gulfport, Mississippi.
  17. ^ a b Hampton, Paul (August 25, 2016). "'Deadly Affair' filmmakers want to shoot a scene in Coast cemetery". sunherald.com. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
  18. ^ "Gulfport students receive unique experience with cemetery project". wlox.com. May 6, 2016. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
  19. ^ "Historians looking to memorialize blues musician". wlox.com. October 13, 2017. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
  20. ^ Mississippi Department of Archives and History (2018). "Historical Markers in Gulfport|Mississippi City Cemetery". MISSISSIPPI HISTORICAL MARKERS. Retrieved 2019-10-15.
  21. ^ "Local military vet turned actor". stltoday.com. March 7, 2017. Retrieved 2019-10-01.
  22. ^ Ganier Jr., Everett (September 20, 2024). "Cleaning the Mississippi City cemetery". WXXV News 25. Retrieved September 20, 2024.
  23. ^ Pete Palmer; Gary Gillette; Stuart Shea (2006). The 2006 ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia. New York, New York: Sterling Publishing Company. p. 68. ISBN 978-1-4027-3625-4.
  24. ^ Mississippi Department of Archives and History (1923). The Official and Statistical Register of the State of Mississippi. Jackson, Mississippi: Department of Archives and History. p. 237.
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