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Marietje Schaake

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Marietje Schaake
MEP
Schaake during the WEF 2019
Member of the European Parliament
In office
1 July 2009 – 2019
ConstituencyNetherlands
Personal details
Born (1978-10-28) 28 October 1978 (age 46)
Leiden, Netherlands
Political party Dutch
Democrats 66
 EU
Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe
Alma materUniversity of Amsterdam Wittenberg University
Websitewww.marietjeschaake.eu Edit this at Wikidata

Maria Renske "Marietje" Schaake (Dutch pronunciation: [maːˈritɕə ˈsxaːkə]; born 28 October 1978) is a Dutch politician who served as Member of the European Parliament (MEP) from the Netherlands between 2009 and 2019. She is a member of Democrats 66, part of the Alliance of Liberals and Democrats for Europe Party.[1]

Schaake has been named international director of policy at Stanford's Cyber Policy Center, as well as an International Policy Fellow at the University’s Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence.[2]

At the CyberPeace Institute (CPI) she takes the role of president. CPI seeks to reduce the harms of escalating conflict in cyberspace, perform collective analysis of cyberattacks with the aim of informing the public, supporting vulnerable communities, and promoting responsible behavior, norms and respect for international law.[3]

She writes a column for the Financial Times[4] and the Dutch NRC newspaper’s economic section twice a month.[5]

The Wall Street Journal called her "Europe's most wired politician",[6] while CNN called her a "rising Dutch star" who makes an increasingly rare "passionate and public case for liberalism and globalization".[7] She was selected as one of the "Politico 28" in 2017. During her last months in office in 2019, Politico also called her one of the 40 MEP's who mattered in 2014–2019.[8] According to Politico, Schaake is the "ultimate digital MEP" whose name has been floated as a potential candidate for the foreign ministry".[9] The magazine also called her a "lead MEP on cybersecurity".[10] In 2017 she was invited as a 'civic leader' to address the Obama Foundation summit.[11] She publishes op-eds in the Financial Times,[12] The Guardian[13] and Bloomberg.[14]

Education and early career

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Schaake was raised in Leiden and attended the Haags Montessori Lyceum (high school) in The Hague. She then left for the United States to study liberal arts at Wittenberg University in Ohio. She then studied sociology, American studies and new media at the University of Amsterdam. After an internship with the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia, Schaake was granted the Lantos Fellowship of the United States House of Representatives, where she focused on international relations and human rights issues.[15]

Before her political career, Schaake served as an independent advisor to, amongst others, the United States Ambassador to the Netherlands and to the president of the Leadership Conference on Civil Rights in Washington, D.C. Other assignments included consulting the Dutch Ministry of Foreign Affairs, as well as cultural institutes and companies. Schaake specialized in issues such as transatlantic relations, diversity, integration, civil rights and Muslims in the West. In 2007 she received the Barney Karbank Memorial Award 2007 for outstanding leadership on the issue of human rights.[15]

Political career

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Marietje Schaake in 2010
Marietje Schaake in 2012
Marietje Schaake speaking at Columbia University 2018

In the autumn of 2008, Schaake was nominated as candidate for the European Parliament for the Dutch political party Democrats 66 (D66). In the European Parliament elections of 2009, Schaake was elected at age 30 when D66 won three seats. In the 2014 elections, she was re-elected for a second term.[15]

In the European Parliament, Schaake was the ALDE Coordinator of the International Trade committee (INTA). She was also the spokesperson for the ALDE Group on the Canada-EU Trade Agreement[16] Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP).[1] In 2016, she served as the parliament's rapporteur on a ban on trade in certain goods which could be used for capital punishment, torture or other treatment or punishment.[17] She then pushed for stricter export controls for cybersurveillance technologies through her work on the dual-use legislation.[18] Schaake also advanced stronger oversight over the trade in cultural goods from conflict areas.

Schaake additionally served on the committee on Foreign Affairs (AFET), where she focused on strengthening Europe as a global player. She worked on the EU's neighbourhood policy, notably Turkey, Iran and North Africa and the broader Middle East. In the subcommittee on Human Rights (DROI), she spoke on human rights and coordinated the monthly human rights resolutions for ALDE.[1]

During her period in parliament, Schaake took several initiatives to promote digital freedoms and to include them in European Union foreign policy. She was the vice-president of the delegation for relations with the United States and served in the delegation for relations with Iran, and in the delegation for the Arab peninsula. Schaake pushed for completing Europe's Digital Single Market and copyright reform. She supports an open internet in discussions about internet governance and digital (human) rights.[1]

Schaake established the Intergroup on the Digital Agenda for Europe. In this group members of the European Parliament, cross-party and cross-nationality, work together in strengthening the digital agenda for Europe.[19]

In March 2011, the European Parliament adopted Schaake's report on the Cultural Dimensions of the EU's External Actions.[20] This was followed by the adoption of Schaake's report on a Digital Freedom Strategy in EU Foreign Policy in December 2012[21] and her report on Freedom of the Press and Media in the World in June 2013.[22] Furthermore, in April 2014 the European Parliament supported Schaake's amendments to enshrine net neutrality into European telecommunications legislation.

In 2017, Federica Mogherini, High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy and vice-president of the European Commission, appointed Schaake as chief observer of the European Union Election Observation Mission to Kenya.[23] In 2017, she was also appointed to represent the European Parliament to the board of the Madad fund. This European Commission Trust Fund concentrates the financial support of different EU institutions, member states and other donors under one heading to more effectively distribute aid to those within Syria and its surrounding countries.

In 2017, Schaake was appointed to the Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace,[24] and served on the commission until its successful conclusion in 2019, participating in the drafting of its eight norms related to non-aggression in cyberspace.

In September 2018, Schaake announced that she would not seek a third term and would not participate in the 2019 European elections. This decision followed her loss in the primary election to become the lead candidate for D66, where she received 45% of the vote, compared to 55% for Sophie in 't Veld, in the final round of voting.[25][26]

Later career

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On 25 September 2020, Schaake was named as one of the 25 members of the "Real Facebook Oversight Board", an independent monitoring group over Facebook.[27] In 2022 she also joined the International Center for Future Generations, a Brussels-based think tank, as senior fellow for Tech Governance.[28]

Schaake was also a candidate to become United Nations Secretary-General António Guterres's first-ever Envoy on Technology in 2021; instead, the role went to Chilean diplomat Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond.[29][30] In 2023, Guterres appointed Schaake to his Artificial Intelligence Advisory Body on risks, opportunities and international governance of artificial intelligence, co-chaired by Carme Artigas and James Manyika.[31]

Other activities

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Schaake has several unpaid additional positions, including the following:

Schaake is also a member of the board of advisors at the EU-funded research project 'Media, Conflict and Democratisation'. In September 2013, Schaake joined the steering committee of the "Transatlantic Dialogues on Security and Freedom in the Digital Age" project of the New America Foundation. Earlier she was a commissioner at the Global Commission on Internet Governance and a member of the board of directors at the Flemish-Dutch House deBuren. All additional positions are unpaid.

Electoral history

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Electoral history of Marietje Schaake
Year Body Party Pos. Votes Result Ref.
Party seats Individual
2014 European Parliament Democrats 66 3 41236 4 Elected [36]
2021 House of Representatives Democrats 66 77 363 24 Lost [37]

References

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  1. ^ a b c d "Bio". Marietje Schaake. Archived from the original on 21 April 2012. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  2. ^ "FSI - Marietje Schaake to Join Stanford Cyber Policy Center and Institute for Human-Centered Artificial Intelligence in Dual Policy Roles". fsi.stanford.edu. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  3. ^ "CyberPeace Institute - Who We Are". CyberPeace Institute. Archived from the original on 2 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  4. ^ "Marietje Schaake | Financial Times". www.ft.com. Archived from the original on 8 October 2020. Retrieved 5 October 2020.
  5. ^ Bouma, Floor (5 September 2019). "Marietje Schaake naar universiteit Stanford". NRC (in Dutch). Archived from the original on 21 April 2021. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  6. ^ Rooney, Ben (17 June 2011). "Europe's Most Wired Politician". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  7. ^ In face of populism, an ardent case for liberalism, CNN Video, 4 January 2017, archived from the original on 19 March 2017, retrieved 18 March 2017
  8. ^ "Marietje Schaake". Politico. Archived from the original on 9 June 2019. Retrieved 13 October 2021.
  9. ^ "MARIETJE SCHAAKE". POLITICO. 7 December 2016. Archived from the original on 28 February 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  10. ^ Cerulus, Laurens (18 October 2018). "Russia dodges bullet of EU sanctions on cyber — for now". POLITICO. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  11. ^ Obama Foundation Summit, archived from the original on 23 November 2017, retrieved 28 November 2017
  12. ^ Schaake, Marietje (16 January 2019). "Germany's data hack is a wake-up call to Europe". Financial Times. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  13. ^ Schaake, Marietje (4 April 2018). "Algorithms have become so powerful we need a robust, Europe-wide response". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  14. ^ Schaake, Marietje (17 January 2019). "Beware of tech companies playing government". Bloomberg.com. Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 14 February 2019. Retrieved 14 February 2019.
  15. ^ a b c d "M.R. (Marietje) Schaake MA". Parlement & Politiek. Archived from the original on 3 April 2016. Retrieved 4 November 2015.
  16. ^ "CETA: MEPs back EU-Canada trade agreement | News | European Parliament". www.europarl.europa.eu. 15 February 2017. Archived from the original on 8 October 2019. Retrieved 2 October 2019.
  17. ^ MEPs approve ban on execution and torture products Archived 24 October 2016 at the Wayback Machine EUobserver, October 4, 2016.
  18. ^ Speech Marietje Schaake on the control of dual-use items, 17 January 2018, archived from the original on 21 December 2021, retrieved 2 October 2019
  19. ^ Amende, Peter. "Digital Agenda Intergroup". Digital Agenda Intergroup. Archived from the original on 9 July 2017. Retrieved 18 March 2017.
  20. ^ Marietje Schaake, Report on the cultural dimensions of the EU's external actions – A7-0112/2011 Archived 25 May 2011 at the Wayback Machine, European Parliament, 2011.
  21. ^ Marietje Schaake, Report on a Digital Freedom Strategy in EU Foreign Policy – A7-0374/2012 Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, European Parliament, 2012.
  22. ^ Marietje Schaake, Report on the freedom of press and media in the world – A7-0176/2013 Archived 4 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine, European Parliament, 2013.
  23. ^ "EU deploys Election Observation Mission to Kenya". EU External Action Service. 8 June 2017. Archived from the original on 8 December 2017. Retrieved 7 July 2017.
  24. ^ "Internet Society Joins Global Commission on the Stability of Cyberspace". Internet Society. Archived from the original on 3 January 2022. Retrieved 3 January 2022.
  25. ^ The 40 MEPs Who Mattered in 2014-2019: #17 Martietje Schaake Archived 9 June 2019 at the Wayback Machine Politico Europe.
  26. ^ "Sophie in 't Veld verkozen tot Europees lijsttrekker D66 - EU monitor". www.eumonitor.eu. Retrieved 17 October 2024.
  27. ^ "While Facebook works to create an oversight board, industry experts formed their own". NBC News. 25 September 2020. Archived from the original on 25 September 2020. Retrieved 30 September 2020.
  28. ^ ICFG (12 December 2022). "Marietje Schaake joins ICFG as practice lead for emerging technology governance". ICFG. Retrieved 9 October 2024.
  29. ^ Secretary-General Appoints Fabrizio Hochschild Drummond of Chile as Envoy on Technology Archived 20 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine United Nations, press release of January 21, 2021.
  30. ^ Melissa Heikkilä (May 19, 2021), António Guterres’ role questioned in UN harassment case Archived 20 May 2021 at the Wayback Machine Politico Europe.
  31. ^ Secretary-General Announces Creation of New Artificial Intelligence Advisory Board United Nations, press release of 26 October 2023.
  32. ^ Cyber policy expert Marietje Schaake joins HD Centre’s board Centre for Humanitarian Dialogue, press release of 16 September 2021.
  33. ^ New governance at ECFR Archived 1 February 2020 at the Wayback Machine European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR), press release of January 28, 2020.
  34. ^ Transatlantic, bi-partisan Commission launched to prevent election meddling Archived 1 October 2018 at the Wayback Machine Transatlantic Commission on Election Integrity (TCEI), press release of 11 May 2018.
  35. ^ "Senior Network". www.europeanleadershipnetwork.org. Archived from the original on 18 May 2019. Retrieved 21 September 2020.
  36. ^ Kiesraad (30 May 2014). "Uitslag Europees Parlementsverkiezing 2014 - Proces-verbaal - Kiesraad.nl". www.kiesraad.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 9 October 2024.
  37. ^ "Proces-verbaal verkiezingsuitslag Tweede Kamer 2021" [Report of the election results House of Representatives 2021] (PDF). Dutch Electoral Council (in Dutch). 29 March 2021.
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