Margeride
| Margeride | |
|---|---|
 Map showing the location of the Margeride in the Massif Central. | |
| Highest point | |
| Elevation | 1,551 m (5,089 ft) at Signal de Randon |
| Coordinates | 44°39′23″N 3°32′37″E / 44.656296°N 3.54374°E |
| Geography | |
 | |
| Location | Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Occitanie, France |
| Parent range | Massif Central |
Margeride (in Auvergnat Marjarida) is a mountainous region of France, situated in the Massif Central, inside the départements of Cantal, Haute-Loire and Lozère.
Toponymy
[edit]Originally, the name "Margeride" applied only to a seigneury whose castle was ruined in the 15th century and a forest culminating at 1,380 meters (4,530 ft) altitude. Its current name is thought to derive from the Gallic word morgarita, composed of morga meaning "ford, boundary" and -ritu for "ford".[1]
In Occitan, Margeride is called Marjarida.[2]
Geography
[edit]
In Cantal, its western boundary is the Truyère, and its eastern boundary, in Haute-Loire, by the gorges of the river Allier. To the south, in Lozère, It is the Lot which delimits the region.
Geology
[edit]The lithology of area is manly granitoids and gneiss.[3] The highest peaks are the Signal de Randon at 1,551 metres and the Mont Mouchet at 1,465 metres.
Hydrography
[edit]
The watershed separating the Garonne basin and the Loire basin crosses the Margeride. The tributaries of the Allier and the Alagnon belong to the Loire basin, while the tributaries of the Truyère and the Lot belong to that of the Garonne.[4][5]
Mountains
[edit]The highest mountains and peaks of the Margeride are:
- Signal de Randon, 1,551 m (5,089 ft)
- Truc de Fortunio, 1,550 m (5,090 ft)
- Moure de la Gardille, 1,503 m (4,931 ft)
- Mont Mouchet, 1,497 m (4,911 ft)
- Montagne du Goulet, 1,497 m (4,911 ft)
- Roc de Fenestre, 1,489 m (4,885 ft)
- Puech David, 1,487 m (4,879 ft)
- Peyre Plantade, 1,486 m (4,875 ft)
- Truc de la Garde, 1,486 m (4,875 ft)
- Montchauvet, 1,485 m (4,872 ft)
- Bec Signal, 1,483 m (4,865 ft)
- Ranc de la Licheyre, 1,447 m (4,747 ft)
- Montagne des Ducs, 1,447 m (4,747 ft)
- Truc du Chapelat, 1,442 m (4,731 ft)
- Serre Haut, 1,431 m (4,695 ft)
- Mont Grand, 1,417 m (4,649 ft)
- Truc de Randon, 1,402 m (4,600 ft)
- Timoneire, 1,401 m (4,596 ft)
- Le Bessal, 1,397 m (4,583 ft)
- Puech Pauliac, 1,395 m (4,577 ft)
- Truc de Montchabrier, 1,395 m (4,577 ft)
- Signal de Margeride, 1,381 m (4,531 ft)
Climate
[edit]The climate is cold but relatively dry; the Mounts of Cantal and Aubrac block precipitation coming from the west and provide Margeride with a relatively sheltered position. However, it remains harsh with a long period of snow cover and exhibits thermal characteristics similar to the climates of Iceland or Sweden.[6] The winds can be very strong and regularly sweep the ridges and plateaus. In winter, temperatures are comparable to those found in the Jura: for example, temperatures almost reached -30°C on March 1, 2005, in Saugues at only 900 meters above sea level.[7]
Fauna and Flora
[edit]With diverse fauna and habitats, the Margeride is home to numerous mammal species such as hares, foxes, badgers, wild boars, as well as deer and roe deer. The lakes and rivers in the northern part of Lozère also provide a habitat for trout. The otter can be found along the banks of the Truyère.[8]
Along the banks of certain streams, the tufted loosestrife (Lysimachia thyrsiflora), a plant native to central and boreal Europe, rare in France, grows.[9] The vast peat bogs of Margeride harbor a flora typical of cold environments, almost unique in France, including species relics of the glaciations such as the rare dwarf birch (Betula nana) or the downy willow (Salix lapponum). One of the most interesting peat bogs is that of Lajo, not far from Saint-Alban-sur-Limagnole.[10]
History
[edit]In the 18th century the Margeride was terrorised by the Beast of Gévaudan. The beast of Gévaudan was a French legend, that supposedly takes on the appearance of a large wolf like creature. This creature is fabled to be very powerful and possessive almost like a demonic spirit. A normal man or woman (human) can open their bodies up to be possessed by the beast of Gévaudan (La Bête) by drinking the water out of the footprint of a wolf, they must drink the water straight off the ground during a full moon. Once the spirit of La Bête took possession of the persons body they would experience memory blanks, loss of time which they cannot account for, fuge states, aggression, confusion, delusions and hallucinations. Supposedly La Bête was born from a continued line of werewolves, where the male of each generation would have the wolf gene in their DNA and during a blood moon they would pass on the wolf power through a bite. La Bête was first fabled to be in the body of a man named Jeziah Lou-Silvré and his sister was the one who killed him with a single spear crafted from mountain ash and mistletoe. The spirit of La Bête is the most powerful legend in France and when someone drinks the water from the print of a wolf and becomes La Bête their person gradually ceases to exist, their memories, their very essence is replaced by that of Jeziah Lou-Silvré and his spirit seeks vengeance on all hunters and descendants of his sister (the bloodline of Lou-Silvré), the name Silvré can be translated to mean Silver which is coincidentally the fabled element capable of killing a werewolf, however silver doesn't kill a wolf but simply weakens it...La Bête went after the modern descendants of his family who had the names of Silver, Silvré, Argent, Silgente. Jeziahs' sister was also known as the Maid of Gévaudan.[11]
The area was a stronghold of the French Resistance in the Second World War.[12] It was from here that the Resistance worked to delay German reinforcements travelling north after the D-Day landings.
Today the area contains a museum of ecology, and a park with a herd of rare European bison.[13]
Tourism
[edit]Summer hiking is a great way to discover the massif. There are numerous trails, regularly signposted, and signs regularly indicating the time needed to cover the marked paths. Margeride is also a great place for mountain biking. Numerous cross-country and enduro trails have been mapped out, suitable for all levels.[14]
A "Trail Margeride" area lets you discover part of the massif from Le Malzieu.
In winter, cross-country skiing is possible on the trails of the Bouviers and Laubert-Plateau du Roy ski resorts.[15]
References
[edit]- ^ Mélanges d'onomastique, linguistique et philologie offerts à monsieur Raymond Sindou, professeur honoraire de l'Université de Clermont-Ferrand: Questions d'onomastique et de substrat (in French). Comité d'organisation des mélanges offerts à R. Sindou. 1986. p. 77.
- ^ Olivier, Philippe (2 June 2009). Dictionnaire d'ancien occitan auvergnat: Mauriacois et Sanflorain (1340-1540) (in Occitan). Walter de Gruyter. ISBN 978-3-484-97132-5.
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original (PDF) on 17 August 2022. Retrieved 4 October 2023.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ Giret, Alain (1 June 2012). Les cours d'eau français: Approche quantitative. Editions L'Harmattan. p. 18. ISBN 978-2-296-49571-5.
- ^ Deguiral, René (1 January 1949). Le Lot, la Truyère et le Célé: Pays de Rives d'Olt (in French). FeniXX réédition numérique. ISBN 978-2-402-26730-4.
- ^ Bulletin de la Société botanique de France (in French). La Société. 1953.
- ^ "Météo - Carte interactive. Découvrez les jours où la météo a battu des records en Haute-Loire" (in French). Retrieved 4 April 2024.
- ^ "Les autres espèces d'intérêt communautaire | gorgesdelatruyere-cantal". gorgesdelatruyere-cantal.n2000.fr. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
- ^ "Les trachéophytes de la Margeride - Conservatoire botanique national du Massif central". projets.cbnmc.fr. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
- ^ "LES TOURBIÈRES DE LAJO". Lozère Tourisme (in French). 25 September 2019. Retrieved 5 April 2024.
- ^ "La bête du Gévaudan". Les Loups du Gévaudan (in French). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Le maquis du Mont Mouchet | Chemins de mémoire". www.cheminsdememoire.gouv.fr. Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Bisons de Margeride". Lozère et Tourisme (in French). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Itinéraires VTT Mende Cœur Lozère, circuits labellisés FFC. Différents niveaux pour tous les Vététistes". Office de tourisme Mende - Cœur de Lozère (in French). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
- ^ "Station de ski nordique des Bouviers | Ski de fond, raquettes à neige en margeride". Office de tourisme Mende - Cœur de Lozère (in French). Retrieved 19 November 2023.
External links
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