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Malaxis bayardii

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

Malaxis bayardii
Scientific classification Edit this classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Epidendroideae
Genus: Malaxis
Species:
M. bayardii
Binomial name
Malaxis bayardii
Synonyms[2]

Malaxis bayardii fo. kelloggiae P.M. Br.

Malaxis bayardii, or Bayard's adder's-mouth orchid,[3] is a species of orchid native to northeastern North America. It is found from Massachusetts to North Carolina, with isolated populations in Ohio and Nova Scotia.[4] There are historical reports of the plant formerly growing in Vermont and New Jersey, but it seems to have been extirpated in those two states[2] It grows in dry, open woods and pine barrens at elevations of less than 600 m (2000 feet).[5][6]

Malaxis bayardii is a terrestrial herb up to 26 cm (10.4 inches) tall. It produces a pseudobulb up to 20 mm in diameter. It generally has only one leaf, occasionally two, about halfway up the stem. Flowers are small and green, borne in a raceme of up to 70 flowers.[7][8][9][10]

Conservation status

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It is listed as a special concern species and believed extirpated in Connecticut,[11] as rare Massachusetts, and as endangered in New Jersey and in New York (state).[12]

References

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  1. ^ Goedeke, T.; Sharma, J.; Treher, A.; Frances, A.; Poff, K. (2015). "Malaxis bayardii". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2015: e.T64176353A64176361. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2015-4.RLTS.T64176353A64176361.en. Retrieved 13 November 2021.
  2. ^ a b "Malaxis bayardii". World Checklist of Selected Plant Families (WCSP). Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
  3. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Malaxis bayardii​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 28 June 2015.
  4. ^ "Malaxis bayardii". County-level distribution map from the North American Plant Atlas (NAPA). Biota of North America Program (BONAP). 2014.
  5. ^ Catling, Paul M.; Magrath, Lawrence K. (2002). "Malaxis bayardii". In Flora of North America Editorial Committee (ed.). Flora of North America North of Mexico (FNA). Vol. 26. New York and Oxford: Oxford University Press – via eFloras.org, Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis, MO & Harvard University Herbaria, Cambridge, MA.
  6. ^ "Malaxis bayardii". North American Orchid Conservation Center (NAOOC), Smithsonian Environmental Research Center. 2018.
  7. ^ Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1936). "Rhodora". 38 (455): 402–404. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) description in Latin, commentary in English; small line drawings showing flowers
  8. ^ Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1936). "Rhodora". 38 (455). plate 446, photos of herbarium specimens, figures 1 and 2 at left. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  9. ^ Fernald, Merritt Lyndon (1950). Gray's Manual of Botany (8th ed.). New York: American Book Company. pp. i–lxiv, 1–1632.
  10. ^ Catling, P. M. (1991). "Systematics of Malaxis bayardii and M. unifolia". Lindleyana. Vol. 6. pp. 3–23.
  11. ^ "Connecticut's Endangered, Threatened and Special Concern Species 2015" (PDF). State of Connecticut Department of Energy and Environmental Protection Bureau of Natural Resources. Retrieved 28 January 2018. (Note: This list is newer than the one used by plants.usda.gov and is more up-to-date.)
  12. ^ USDA, NRCS (n.d.). "​Malaxis bayardii​". The PLANTS Database (plants.usda.gov). Greensboro, North Carolina: National Plant Data Team. Retrieved 28 January 2018.
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