Lytorhynchus diadema

Lytorhynchus diadema
Conservation status
	; Least Concern (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Domain:	Eukaryota
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Chordata
Class:	Reptilia
Order:	Squamata
Suborder:	Serpentes
Family:	Colubridae
Genus:	Lytorhynchus
Species:	L. diadema
Binomial name
	Lytorhynchus diadema; (A. M. C. Duméril, Bibron, and A. H. A. Duméril, 1854)

Lytorhynchus diadema, the crowned leafnose snake, diademed sand snake, or awl-headed snake, is a non-venomous snake^[2] found in Middle East, North Africa & West Asia.

Description

Lytorhynchus diadema adults range from 30-51 cm in length.

Pale buff or cream color above, with a series of 13 – 18 large transversely rhomboidal dark spots; a dark median band along the head and nape, sometimes confluent with an interocular transverse band; an oblique dark band from the eye to the angle of the mouth; lower parts uniform white.^[3]

Distribution

Algeria, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Israel,^[4] Jordan, Kuwait, Libya, Morocco, Niger, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, United Arab Emirates, Yemen, Mauritania, West Sahara.^[2]

This species is found in sandy desert, semi-desert, sandy coastal areas, areas of high grassland plateaus (especially those close to rocky areas), and clay plateaus with rocks. This species digs, but is not considered fossorial In Arabia it appears to occur in a wide range of dry habitats.^[5]

Diet

It feeds mainly on lizards but will eat large arthropods, insects and young rodents.

Reproduction

The species is oviparous, laying clutches of three to five eggs.

References

^ Amr, Z.S.S.; Els, J.; Al Johany, A.M.H.; Soorae, P.; Nilson, G.; Shafiei Bafti, S.; Anderson, S.; Böhme, W.; Joger, U.; Geniez, P.; Mateo, J.A.; Disi, A.M.; Baha El Din, S.; Papenfuss, T.; Sharifi, M.; Wilms, T.; Wagner, P. (2013). "Lytorhynchus diadema". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T164769A1074038. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T164769A1074038.en. Retrieved 27 February 2022.
^ ^a ^b "WCH Clinical Toxinology Resources". www.toxinology.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.
^ AMR, ZUHAIR; DISI, AHMAD (2011). Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan. www.vertebrate-zoology.de. p. 211.
^ Academy, Reptile (2024-05-14). "Comprehensive Review of Lytorhynchus diadema". לוכד נחשים - מוקד מחוז ירושלים (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-05-14.
^ "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2019-01-23.

[1] Amr, Z.S.S.; Els, J.; Al Johany, A.M.H.; Soorae, P.; Nilson, G.; Shafiei Bafti, S.; Anderson, S.; Böhme, W.; Joger, U.; Geniez, P.; Mateo, J.A.; Disi, A.M.; Baha El Din, S.; Papenfuss, T.; Sharifi, M.; Wilms, T.; Wagner, P. (2013). "Lytorhynchus diadema". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2013: e.T164769A1074038. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2013-1.RLTS.T164769A1074038.en. Retrieved 27 February 2022.

[:0-2] "WCH Clinical Toxinology Resources". www.toxinology.com. Retrieved 2019-01-23.

[3] AMR, ZUHAIR; DISI, AHMAD (2011). Systematics, distribution and ecology of the snakes of Jordan. www.vertebrate-zoology.de. p. 211.

[4] Academy, Reptile (2024-05-14). "Comprehensive Review of Lytorhynchus diadema". לוכד נחשים - מוקד מחוז ירושלים (in Hebrew). Retrieved 2024-05-14.

[5] "The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Retrieved 2019-01-23.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]