Lugal-kinishe-dudu

Lugal-kinishe-dudu
𒈗𒆠𒉌𒂠𒌌𒌌
Lugal-kinishe-dudu; 𒈗𒆠𒉌𒂠𒌌𒌌
King of Uruk; Governor of Uruk; King of Ur; King of Kish;
	Foundation nail dedicated by Entemena, king of Lagash, to the god of Bad-Tibira, about the peace treaty concluded between Lagash and Uruk. Extract from the inscription: "Those were the days when Entemena, ruler of Lagash, and Lugal-kinishe-dudu, ruler of Uruk, concluded a treaty of fraternity". This text is the oldest diplomatic document known. Found in Telloh, ancient Girsu, ca. 2400 BC. Louvre Museum.
Reign	c. 2400 BCE
Predecessor	Urzage
Successor	Lugal-kisal-si
Dynasty	Second Dynasty of Uruk

Uruk

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Location of Uruk, in the Near East, modern Iraq.

Lugal-kinishe-dudu (𒈗𒆠𒉌𒂠𒌌𒌌, lugal-ki-ni-še₃-du₇-du₇)^[5] also Lugal-kiginne-dudu (𒈗𒆠𒁺𒉌𒌌𒌌, lugal-ki-gin-ne₂-du₇-du₇),^[6] was a King and (ensi) of Uruk and Ur who lived towards the end of the 25th century BCE.^[7] The Sumerian King List mentions Lugal-kinishe-dudu as the second king of the dynasty after En-shakansha-ana, attributing to him a fanciful reign of 120 years.^[7]^[8]

The inscriptions of this sovereign which have been discovered show that he retained the power inherited from his predecessor, since he proclaimed himself king of Ur and Kish:^[9]

"For An, king of all the lands, and for Inanna, mistress of Eanna. Lugalkiginnedudu, the king of Kish. When Inana gave to Lugalkiginnedudu en-ship in addition to kingship, she allowed him to exercise en-ship in Uruk, and she allowed him to exercise kingship in Ur."
— Inscription of Lugal-kinishe-dudu.^[10]^[11]

Numerous fragments are known that bear the name of Lugalkinishedudu, mainly found in Nippur, and now located in the University of Pennsylvania Museum of Archaeology and Anthropology.^[12]

The most remarkable document in which he is mentioned is a clay nail found in Girsu and commemorating the alliance which he concluded with Entemena of Lagash, the oldest known reference to a peace treaty between two kings:^[7]^[13]

Cone of Entemena mentioning the alliance with Lugal-kinishe-dudu

1st line:
^Dinanna-ra / ^Dlugal-e2-muš3-ra / en-mete-na / ensi2 / lagaški-ke4 / e2-muš3 e2 ki-ag2-ga2-ne-ne / mu-ne-du3 / KIBgunû mu-na-du11 / en-mete-na / lu2 e2-muš3 du3-a
2nd line:
^D-ra-ni / dšul-utul12-am6 / u4-ba en-mete-na / ensi2 / lagaški / lugal-ki-ne2-eš2-du7-du7 / ensi2 / unuki-bi / nam-šeš e-ak
1st line:
"For Inanna / and Lugal-emuš / Enmetena / ruler / of Lagaš, / the E-muš, their beloved temple, / built / and ordered (these) clay nails for them. / Enmetena, / who built the E-muš,"
2nd line:
"his personal god / is Šul-utul. / At that time, Enmetena, / ruler / of Lagaš, / and Lugal-kineš-dudu, / ruler / of Uruk, / established brotherhood."

— Alliance treaty between Entemana and Lugal-kinishe-dudu.^[13]

He was followed by his son, Lugalkisalsi, also read Lugaltarsi.^[7]

Lugal-kisalsi was the son of Lugal-kinishe-dudu
The name "Lugal-kinishe-dudu" on the Treaty Cone of Entemena. British Museum
"Lugal-kinishe-dudu / King of Uruk /King of Ur" on the vase inscription

References

^ "Louvre Museum Official Website". cartelen.louvre.fr.
^ Marchesi, Gianni (January 2015). "Toward a Chronology of Early Dynastic Rulers in Mesopotamia". In W. Sallaberger and I. Schrakamp (Eds.), History & Philology (ARCANE 3; Turnhout), Pp. 139-156.
^ Clay, Albert Tobias; Hilprecht, H. V. (Hermann Vollrat); Myhrman, David Vilhelm; Poebel, Arno; Ranke, Hermann; Radau, Hugo; Langdon, Stephen (1892). The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania. Series A: Cuneiform texts. Philadelphia : Dept. of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania. pp. Transcriptions 86–87.
^ "CDLI-Archival View". cdli.ucla.edu.
^ "Sumerian Dictionary". oracc.iaas.upenn.edu.
^ MAEDA, TOHRU. KING OF KISH" IN PRE-SAROGONIC SUMER. p. 4.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Hayes, William (1950). Chronology. Cambridge Ancient History. p. 51.
^ "In Unug, En-shakansha-ana became king; he ruled for 60 years. Lugal-ure (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: Lugal-kinishe-dudu (?)) ruled for 120 years. Argandea ruled for 7 years. (ms. L1+N1 has:) 3 kings; they ruled for (ms. L1+N1 has:) 187 years. Then Unug was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Urim." in "The Sumerian king list: translation". etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk.
^ Centre, Copenhagen Polis (2002). A Comparative Study of Six City-state Cultures: An Investigation. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. p. 34. ISBN 978-87-7876-316-7.
^ MAEDA, TOHRU (1981). "KING OF KISH" IN PRE-SARGONIC SUMER. Orient: The Reports of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan, Volume 17. p. 7.
^ "CDLI-Archival View". cdli.ucla.edu.
^ CDLI-Found Texts.
^ ^a ^b Deena Ragavan, Cuneiform Texts and Fragments in the Harvard Art Museum / Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Cuneiform Digital Library Journal, vol. 2010:1, ISSN 1540-8779

Regnal titles
Preceded by Urzage	King of Uruk ca. 25th century BCE	Succeeded by Lugal-kisal-si

[1] "Louvre Museum Official Website". cartelen.louvre.fr.

[:0-2] Marchesi, Gianni (January 2015). "Toward a Chronology of Early Dynastic Rulers in Mesopotamia". In W. Sallaberger and I. Schrakamp (Eds.), History & Philology (ARCANE 3; Turnhout), Pp. 139-156.

[3] Clay, Albert Tobias; Hilprecht, H. V. (Hermann Vollrat); Myhrman, David Vilhelm; Poebel, Arno; Ranke, Hermann; Radau, Hugo; Langdon, Stephen (1892). The Babylonian Expedition of the University of Pennsylvania. Series A: Cuneiform texts. Philadelphia : Dept. of Archaeology, University of Pennsylvania. pp. Transcriptions 86–87.

[4] "CDLI-Archival View". cdli.ucla.edu.

[5] "Sumerian Dictionary". oracc.iaas.upenn.edu.

[6] MAEDA, TOHRU. KING OF KISH" IN PRE-SAROGONIC SUMER. p. 4.

[CAH51-7] Hayes, William (1950). Chronology. Cambridge Ancient History. p. 51.

[8] "In Unug, En-shakansha-ana became king; he ruled for 60 years. Lugal-ure (ms. P3+BT14 has instead: Lugal-kinishe-dudu (?)) ruled for 120 years. Argandea ruled for 7 years. (ms. L1+N1 has:) 3 kings; they ruled for (ms. L1+N1 has:) 187 years. Then Unug was defeated (ms. TL has instead: destroyed) and the kingship was taken to Urim." in "The Sumerian king list: translation". etcsl.orinst.ox.ac.uk.

[9] Centre, Copenhagen Polis (2002). A Comparative Study of Six City-state Cultures: An Investigation. Kgl. Danske Videnskabernes Selskab. p. 34. ISBN 978-87-7876-316-7.

[10] MAEDA, TOHRU (1981). "KING OF KISH" IN PRE-SARGONIC SUMER. Orient: The Reports of the Society for Near Eastern Studies in Japan, Volume 17. p. 7.

[11] "CDLI-Archival View". cdli.ucla.edu.

[12] CDLI-Found Texts.

[cdli.ucla.edu-13] Deena Ragavan, Cuneiform Texts and Fragments in the Harvard Art Museum / Arthur M. Sackler Museum, Cuneiform Digital Library Journal, vol. 2010:1, ISSN 1540-8779

[14] Rulers with names in italics are considered fictional.

[15] Hallo, W.; Simpson, W. (1971). The Ancient Near East. New York: Harcourt, Brace, Jovanovich. pp. 48–49.

[16] "Rulers of Mesopotamia". cdli.ox.ac.uk. University of Oxford, CNRS.

[17] Thomas, Ariane; Potts, Timothy (2020). Mesopotamia: Civilization Begins. Getty Publications. p. 14. ISBN 978-1-60606-649-2.

[18] Roux, Georges (1992). Ancient Iraq. Penguin Books Limited. pp. 532–534 (Chronological Tables). ISBN 978-0-14-193825-7.

[SKL-19] Per Sumerian King List

[20] Unger, Merrill F. (2014). Israel and the Aramaeans of Damascus: A Study in Archaeological Illumination of Bible History. Wipf and Stock Publishers. p. 5. ISBN 978-1-62564-606-4.

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References