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Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015

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Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long titleAn Act to make time-limited provision for vacancies among the Lords Spiritual to be filled by bishops who are women.
Citation2015 c. 18
Introduced byNick Clegg, Deputy Prime Minister of the United Kingdom (Commons)
Lord Faulks, Minister of State for Civil Justice and Legal Policy (Lords)
Territorial extent United Kingdom
Dates
Royal assent26 March 2015
Commencement18 May 2015
Status: Current legislation
History of passage through Parliament
Text of statute as originally enacted
Bishoprics Act 1878
Act of Parliament
Parliament of the United Kingdom
Long titleAn Act to provide for the foundation of four new Bishoprics in England.
Citation41 & 42 Vict. c. 68
Dates
Royal assent16 August 1878
Text of statute as originally enacted

The Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015 (c. 18) is an act of Parliament of the United Kingdom. It states that whenever a vacancy arises among the Lords Spiritual during the next ten years after the act comes into force, the position has to be filled by a woman, if there is one who is eligible. In this case, the act supersedes section 5 of the Bishoprics Act 1878, which would otherwise require "the issue of a writ of summons to that bishop of a see in England who having been longest bishop of a see in England has not previously become entitled to such writ".[1] It does not apply to the five sees of Canterbury, York, London, Durham or Winchester, which are always represented in the House of Lords.

The act was passed half a year after the Bishops and Priests (Consecration and Ordination of Women) Measure 2014 authorised the Church of England to appoint women as bishops.[2]

In 2024, the Labour Starmer ministry government introduced a bill to Parliament to extend the Act's provisions by five more years (until May 2030).[3]

The act in practice

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The first female diocesan bishop, and thus the first female Lord Spiritual due to this act, was Rachel Treweek in 2015.[4] Consecrated Bishop of Gloucester on 22 July 2015[5] and enthroned on 19 September 2015,[6] she joined the Lords on 7 September 2015 with the full title The Rt Rev. the Lord Bishop of Gloucester,[7] and was introduced to the House by the Archbishop of Canterbury and the Bishop of London on 26 October 2015.[8] She made her maiden speech on 7 March 2016.[9]

Since then, Christine Hardman (2016, retired 2021), Viv Faull (2018), Libby Lane (2019), Guli Francis-Dehqani (2021), Helen-Ann Hartley (2023), and Debbie Sellin (2024) have also entered the Lords due to this Act shortly after becoming diocesan bishops. Therefore 7 out of 21 vacant Lords positions occurring in the first nine years of the Act (as of October 2024) have been filled by women.[a] Without the Act, Treweek and Hardman would only have become Lords Spiritual in late 2021.[b]

In addition (and independently of the Act), Sarah Mullally entered the Lords ex officio when appointed Bishop of London in 2018.

On 30 July 2024, Baroness Smith of Basildon, the Leader of the House of Lords, introduced a bill to extend the act by 5 years to 18 May 2030.[3]

Notes

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  1. ^ Christopher Lowson, Warner, Henderson, David Walker, Atwell, Paul Bayes, Watson, Seeley, Williams, Snow, Ipgrave, Wilcox, Usher, Jackson were the new male Lords in this time.
  2. ^ In May 2021, there were still five non-Lord diocesan bishops with longer length of service than Treweek, so Treweek and Hardman would then have been next in line in the absence of this act, and consequently entered the Lords with the next vacancies in autumn 2021; see List of bishops in the Church of England.

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Section 5 of the Bishoprics Act 1878 at the National Archives website. (Retrieved 1 November 2021.)
  2. ^ "Bishops and Priests (Consecration and Ordination of Women) Measure 2014". legislation.gov.uk. 23 October 2014. Retrieved 28 March 2015.
  3. ^ a b "Lords Spiritual (Women) Act 2015 (Extension) Bill [HL]". UK Parliament.
  4. ^ "Gloucester bishop Rachel Treweek to take seat in Lords". BBC News. 26 October 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  5. ^ "Most senior woman bishop consecrated in Canterbury service". BBC News. 22 July 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  6. ^ "Rachel Treweek begins role as Bishop of Gloucester". BBC News. 19 September 2015. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  7. ^ "Bishop of Gloucester". UK Parliament. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  8. ^ "House of Lords introduction - Bishop Rachel Treweek". The Archbishop of Canterbury. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
  9. ^ "Bishop of Gloucester makes House of Lords gender equality speech". BBC News. 8 March 2016. Retrieved 5 November 2016.
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