Listriodon
| Listriodon Temporal range: Miocene
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|---|---|
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| Skull (IVPP V8285) of L. splendens, Paleozoological Museum of China | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Mammalia |
| Order: | Artiodactyla |
| Family: | Suidae |
| Subfamily: | †Listriodontinae |
| Tribe: | †Listriodontini |
| Genus: | †Listriodon von Meyer, 1846 |
| Type species | |
| †Listriodon splendens von Meyer, 1846
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| Species | |
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See text | |
Listriodon is an extinct genus of pig-like animals that lived in Eurasia during the Miocene.
Description
[edit]
Listriodon species were generally small in size. In morphology, they show many similarities with peccaries rather than modern pigs.[1]
The lophodont teeth of Listriodon indicate that it was mostly, if not strictly, herbivorous. Peculiarly, their teeth resemble those of perissodactyls such as horses more than they do that of ruminants. This was the case because unlike ruminants (and much like perissodactyls), pigs lack a complex four-chambered stomach and therefore had to rely on their teeth to break down grasses and herbs.[2]
Species
[edit]Many species of Listriodon have been named over the years, to the point that the genus became a wastebasket taxon. Over the years, many species have been moved into new genera, such as Kubanochoerus, Bunolistriodon[3] and Lopholistriodon. Some species were found to be synonymous with others, such as Listriodon theobaldi and Listriodon pentapotamiae representing different genders of a single species.[4]
Prothero (2021) lists four valid species:[5]
- Listriodon splendens
- Listriodon pentapotamiae
- Listriodon raetamanensis
- Listriodon bartuensis
Species now placed in Bunolistriodon
[edit]- Listriodon akatikubas
- Listriodon guptai
- Listriodon intermedius
- Listriodon latidens
- Listriodon lockharti
- Listriodon meidamon
Species now placed in Lopholistriodon
[edit]- Listriodon juba[6]
Species now placed in Kubanochoerus
[edit]- Listriodon robustus
Species synonymous with L. splendens
[edit]- Listriodon aragoniensis[7]
- Listriodon mongoliensis
- Listriodon lishanensis
- Listriodon xinanensis
Species synonymous with L. pentapotamiae
[edit]- Listriodon theobaldi
Palaeoecology
[edit]Analysis of L. cf. L. splendens and L. aff. L. latidens suggests that the former was a more specialised folivore than the latter.[8]
External links
[edit]- Listriodon at Fossilworks
References
[edit]- ^ Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie Van Wetenschappen Physical sciences. Series B · Volume 79. Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. 1976. p. 53.
- ^ Proceedings of the Koninklijke Nederlandse Akademie van Wetenschappen. Series B, Palaeontology, geology, physics, and chemistry Volume 81. University of California. 1978.
- ^ "Bunolistriodon". Biolib.
- ^ Netherlands Journal of Zoology. E.J. Brill. 1975. p. 137.
- ^ Prothero, Donald R. (2007). The Evolution of Artiodactyls. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 144. ISBN 9780801887352.
- ^ Werdelin, Lars; Sanders, William Joseph (2010). Cenozoic Mammals of Africa. University of California Press. p. 826. ISBN 9780520257214.
- ^ Paleontologia i Evolució Volumes 23-25. L'Institut. 1989. p. 86.
- ^ Hunter, John P.; Fortelius, Mikael (31 March 1994). "Comparative dental occlusal morphology, facet development, and microwear in two sympatric species of Listriodon (Mammalia: Suidae) from the middle Miocene of western Anatolia (Turkey)". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 14 (1): 105–126. doi:10.1080/02724634.1994.10011541. ISSN 0272-4634. Retrieved 14 November 2024 – via Taylor and Francis Online.
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