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List of Zhou dynasty states

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

States during the Spring and Autumn period

The following ancient Chinese states were parts of the geopolitical milieu during the Zhou dynasty of early China, during one or more of its main chronological subdivisions: the Western Zhou period, Spring and Autumn period, and Warring States period. Listed below are the names of various polities, the aristocratic houses and lineages of their ruling families, locations relative to modern Chinese geography, noble titles of the rulers, start and end years, and conquerors.

Zhou royal family

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Western Zhou 西周 Ji (姬姓) Nominal rule over all under Heaven, directly controlling the capital of Fenghao, Zongzhou (present Xi'an, Shaanxi Province), Luoyi, Chengzhou (present Luoyang, Henan Province), and nearby areas. King (Son of Heaven) 1046–771 BCE Shen, Quanrong
Eastern Zhou 東周 Ji (姬姓) Nominal rule (loosely) over all under Heaven, in reality only controlling a small area around the capital city of Luoyi (present Luoyang) King (Son of Heaven) 770–256 BCE Qin

States during the Western Zhou and Spring and Autumn periods (1046–403 BCE)

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Main States

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Qin 秦國 Ying (嬴姓) Zhao(趙氏)[1] South central Shaanxi Province and eastern Gansu Province;
later expanded into Sichuan Province, Chongqing, western Henan Province, western Hubei Province, and other areas. Unified in 221 BCE.
  • Zhong and Bo (conferred in 770 BCE)
  • Wang (self-proclaimed from 325 BCE)
  • Emperor (in 288 BCE, called the "emperor" of the west, respected Qi as the "emperor" of the east, later abolished)
  • Emperor of China (renamed after the unification of the country in 221 BCE)
Approximately 900–206 BCE Western Chu Hegemon–King Xiang Yu and Emperor Gaozu of Han
Wey 衛國 Ji (姬姓) Wey (衛氏) Qi County and Puyang City, Henan Province Hou, Jun (renamed 330 BCE) 1040–209 BCE Qin
Yue 越國 Si (姒姓) Zhejiang Province. Became Minzhong Commandery after being conquered by Qin in 222 BCE. Granted kingship over Minyue and Dong'ou after the fall of the Qin Dynasty. Zi (Self-styled Wang) c. 20th century BCE–222 BCE Qin, (Successor states of Minyue and Dong'ou conquered by the Han dynasty)
Yan 燕國 Ji (姬姓) Yan (燕氏) Southern Liaoning Province, Beijing City, Tianjin City, northern Hebei Province Hou, Wang (Self-proclaimed 323 BCE) 1046–222 BCE Qin
Chu 楚國 Mi (芈姓) Xiong (熊氏) Hubei Province, southern Henan Province, and later parts of Anhui Province, Jiangxi Province, Hunan Province, Jiangsu Province, and Zhejiang Province Zi, Wang (Self-Proclaimed 704 BCE) Before 1046 BCE–223 BCE Qin
Lu 魯國 Ji (姬姓) Lu (魯氏) Qufu City, Shandong Province Hou 1046–256 BCE Chu
Song 宋國 Zi (子姓) Song (宋氏) Shangqiu City, Tongxu County, Henan Proince Gong, Wang (Self-Proclaimed 323 BCE) 1040–286 BCE Qi, Wei, Chu
Jin, originally known as Tang (唐國) 晉國 Ji (姬姓) Jin (晉氏) Shanxi Province, northern Henan Province, eastern Shaanxi Province, western Hebei Province Hou 1033–349 BCE Han, Zhao, Wei

(Three Families Partitioning Jin)

Zheng 鄭國 Ji (姬姓) Zheng 鄭氏 Hua County, Shaanxi Province. Later moved to Xinzheng City, Henan Province Bo 806–375 BCE Han
Qi, historically known as Jiang Qi 齊國 Jiang (姜姓) (吕氏) Eastern Shandong Province; southern Hebei Province Hou 1046–386 BCE Tian Qi
Cai 蔡國 Ji (姬姓) Cai (蔡氏) Xincai County, Henan Province Hou 1046–447 BCE Chu
Wu 吳國 Ji (姬姓) Gufa (姑发氏) Jiangsu Province; eastern Anhui Province Zi (Self-styled Wang) 1096–473 BCE Yue
Chen 陳國 Gui (媯姓) Chen (陳氏) Huaiyang County, Henan Province Hou 1046–478 BCE Chu
Cao 曹國 Ji (姬姓) Cao (曹氏) Southwestern Dingtao County, Shandong Province Bo 1046–487 BCE Song

Vassal states within the capital region (畿内) or fiefs granted to the aristocratic families during the Zhou dynasty

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Feng 酆國 Ji (姬姓) Hu County, Shaanxi Province Hou 1046–1023 BCE Zhou dynasty
Fan 樊國 Ji (姬姓) Fan (樊氏) Southeastern Chang'an District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province. Later moved to Jiyuan City, Henan Province Bo Reign of King Xuan–635 BCE Jin
Dan 單國 Ji (姬姓) Dan (單氏) Mei County, Shaanxi Province. Later moved eastward with the Zhou royal family to Southeastern Mengjin County, Henan Province. Zi Reign of King WenSpring and Autumn Period Zhou dynasty
Shao 召國 (邵國) Ji (姬姓) Shao (邵氏) Southern Qishan County, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE
Liang 梁國 Ying (嬴姓) Liang (梁氏) Weinan City, Shaanxi Province. Later moved to Shanxi Province Bo 821–641 BCE Qin
Mao 毛國 Ji (姬姓) Mao (毛氏) Qishan County; Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province. Later moved to Yiyang County, Henan Province Bo 1046 BCE Qin
Bi 畢國 Ji (姬姓) Bi (畢氏) Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE Xirong
Jing 井國 Jiang (姜姓) Jing (井氏) Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Bo Wey
Zhou 周國 Ji (姬姓) Zhou (周氏) Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE
Wangshu 王叔國 Ji (姬姓) Gong Reign of King Xiang
Wen 溫國 Ji (己姓) Su (蘇氏) Southwestern Wen County, Henan Province Zi 1046–650 BCE Beidi
Liu 劉國 Ji (姬姓) Liu (劉氏) Southwestern Fengshi Town, Yanshi City, Henan Province Zi 712–455 BCE Zhou dynasty
Rong 榮國 Ji (姬姓) Rong (榮氏) Gongyi City, Henan Province Gong 1046 BCE
Gan 甘國 Ji (姬姓) Gan (甘氏) Yuanyang County, Henan Province Gong Reign of King Xiang
Yin 尹國 Ji (姞姓) Yin (尹氏) Southeastern Xin'an County; northwestern Yiyang County, Henan Province Gong 770–513 BCE Jin
Gan 甘國 Ji (姬姓) Gan (甘氏) Hu County, Shaanxi Province Gong Reign of King Wu
Yuan 原國 Ji (姬姓) Yuan (原氏) Jiyuan City, Henan Province Gong 1046 BCE Jin
Zhan 詹國 Ji (姬姓) Zhan (詹氏) Hou 827 BCE Chu
Gong 鞏國 Ji (姬姓) Gong (鞏氏) Xikangdian Village, Xiaoyi Town, Gongyi City, Henan Province 516 BCE Jin
Ying 應國 Ji (姬姓) Ying (應氏) Pingdingshan City, Henan Province Gong 1046 BCE Chu
Da Luo 大駱國 Ying (嬴姓) Zhao (趙氏) Gong Xirong

States located in present Henan province

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Yin 殷國 Zi (子姓) Yin (殷氏) Anyang City, Henan Province Gong 1046–1040 BCE Zhou dynasty
Wangshu 王叔國 Ji (姬姓) Southwestern Mengjin County, Henan Province Gong Reign of King Xiang–563 BCE
Wen 溫國 Ji (己姓) Su (蘇氏) Southwestern Wen County, Henan Province Zi ?–650 BCE Beidi
Liu 劉國 Ji (姬姓) Liu (劉氏) Southwestern Fengshi Town, Yanshi City, Henan Province Zi 592 BCE–? Zhou dynasty
Rong 榮國 Ji (姬姓) Rong (榮氏) Gongyi City, Henan Province Gong
Gan 甘國 Ji (姬姓)Gan (甘氏) Yuanyang County, Henan Province Gong Reign of King Xiang–?
Yin 尹國 Ji (姞姓) Yin (尹氏) Xin'an County, Henan Province Gong
Dan 單國 Ji (姬姓) Dan (單氏) Southeastern Jiyuan City, Henan Province Bo Zhou dynasty
Gong 鞏國 Ji (姬姓) Gong (鞏氏) Xikangdian Village, Xiaoyi Town, Gongyi City, Henan Province ?–516 BCE Jin
Ying 應國 Ji (姬姓) Ying (應氏) Pingdingshan City, Henan Province Gong 1046 BCE–Mid-Spring and Autumn Period Chu
Yuan 原國 Ji (姬姓) Yuan (原氏) Jiyuan City, Henan Province Gong 1046–563 BCE Jin
Southern Yan 南燕國 Ji (姞姓) Yan (燕氏) Northeastern Yanjin County, Henan Province Bo Shang Era–? Zheng
Yan 鄢國 Northwestern Yanling County, Henan Province Zheng
Mi 密國 Ji (姬姓) Xinmi City, Henan Province Zheng
Hu 胡國 Ji (姬姓) Hu (胡氏) Yancheng District; Wuyang County, Luohe City, Henan Province ?–763 BCE Zheng
Jiao 焦國 Ji (姬姓) Jiao (焦氏) Western Sanmenxia City, Henan Province Bo 1046–775 BCE Western Guo
Gong 共國 Ji (姬姓) Northwestern Huixian City, Henan Province (or Jingchuan County, Gansu Province) Bo Wey
Fan 凡國 Ji (姬姓) Southwestern Huixian City, Henan Province Bo ?–716 BCE Northern Rong
Ge 葛國 Ying (嬴姓) Ge (葛氏) Xiuwu County, Henan Province Bo Shang Era–? Song
Eastern Guo 東虢國 Ji (姬姓) Guo (虢/郭氏) Xingyang City, Henan Province Possibly Bo or Hou 1046–767 BCE Zheng
Qi 杞國 Si (姒姓) Qi (杞氏) Qi County, Henan Province. Later moved to Changle County, Shandong Province, and then to Anqiu City, Shandong Province Bo
Hou
Zi
Shang Era–445 BCE Chu
Xie 謝國 Ren (任姓) Xie (謝氏) Nanyang City, Henan Province Hou Shang Era–841 BCE Zhou dynasty, Shen
Shen 申國 Jiang (姜姓) Shen (申氏) Nanyang City, Henan Province Hou 841–688/680 BCE Chu
呂國 Jiang (姜姓) (呂氏) Nanyang City, Henan Province Hou Xia Era–688/680 BCE Chu
Kuai 鄶國 Yun (妘姓) Northeastern Xinmi City, Henan Province ?–769 BCE Zheng
Dai 戴國 Zi (子姓) Dai (戴氏) Lankao County, Henan Province Gong ?–713 BCE Zheng
Xi 息國 (鄎國) Ji (姬姓) Xi County, Henan Province Hou ?–680 BCE Chu
Huang 黃國 Ying (嬴姓) Huang (黃氏) Huangchuan County, Henan Province Zi Shang Era–648 BCE Chu
Liao 蓼國 (鄝國, 廖國, 飂國) Ji (姬姓) Liao (廖氏) Huyang Town, Tanghe County, Henan Province Chu
Liao 蓼國 (繆國) Yan (偃) Liao (繆氏) Northeastern Gushi County, Henan Province Hou ?–622 BCE Chu
Pan 潘國 (番國) Ji (姬姓) Pan (潘氏) Xingyang City, Henan Province 1046–504 BCE Chu
Guang 光國 Ji (己姓) Huangchuan County; Guangshan County, Henan Province Zi ?–7th century BCE Huang
Bi 偪國 Ji (姞姓)
Xian 弦國 Wei (隗姓)
or Ji (姬姓)
Huangchuan County; Guangshan County, Henan Province Zi ?–655 BCE Chu
Hua 滑國 Ji (姬姓) Southern Yanshi City, Henan Province Bo ?–627 BCE Qin
Jiang 江國 Ying (嬴姓) Jiang (江氏) Zhengyang County; Xi County, Henan Province 1040–623 BCE Chu
Yu 邘國 Ji (姬姓) Beixiwan Town, Qinyang City, Henan Province (or Xi County, Shanxi Province) Shu (叔) Jin
Jiang 蔣國 Ji (姬姓) Jiang (蔣氏) Jiangji Town, Gushi County, Henan Province Bo 1040–617 BCE Chu
Bei 邶國 Southeastern Tangyin County, Henan Province 11th century BCE–?
Ji 祭國 Ji (姬姓) Northeastern Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Bo 1040–769 BCE Zheng
Dao 道國 Queshan County or Xi County, Henan Province Chu
Bai 柏國 Bai (柏氏) Wuyang County; Xiping County, Henan Province Zi Chu
Zuo 胙國 Ji (姬姓) Northern Yanjin County, Henan Province 1040 BCE–? Zheng
Yong 雍國 Ji (姬姓) Yong (雍氏) Xiuwu County, Henan Province 1046 BCE–? Jin
Xiang 項國 Xiang (項氏) Xiangcheng City, Henan Province ?–643 BCE Lu
Dun 頓國 Xiangcheng City; Shangshui County, Henan Province Zi 1046–496 BCE Chu
Guan 管國 Ji (姬姓) Guan (管氏) Zhengzhou City, Henan Province Hou 1046–1040 BCE Zhou dynasty
Tan 檀國 Jiyuan City, Henan Province Bo
Fang 房國 Qi (祁姓) Fang (房氏) Suiping County, Henan Province Zi ?–529 BCE Chu
Shen 莘國 Northwestern Runan County, Henan Province Cai
Xu 許國 Jiang (姜姓) Xu (許氏) Xuchang City, Henan Province. Later moved to Ye County by Chu Nan 1046–481 BCE Chu
Wei 韋國 Ji (姬姓) Wei (韋氏) Southeastern Hua County, Henan Province. Moved to Chengwu County, Shandong Province, and later Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Bo c. 11th century BCE–?
Eastern Bugeng 東不羹國 Ying (赢姓) Northern Wuyang County, Henan Province Chu
Western Bugeng 西不羹國 Southeastern Xiangcheng County, Henan Province Chu

In Shaanxi province

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Feng 酆國 Ji (姬姓) Hu County, Shaanxi Province Hou 1046–1023 BCE Zhou dynasty
Fan 樊國 Ji (姬姓) Fan (樊氏) Initially southeastern Chang'an District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province; later moved to Jiyuan City, Henan Province Zhong (仲) ?–635 BCE Jin
Zhou 周國 Ji (姬姓) Zhou (周氏) Fengxiang County, Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE–?
Shao 召國 Ji (姬姓) Shao (召氏) Southern Qishan County, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE–?
Zhan 詹國 Ji (姬姓) Zhan (詹氏) Unknown, possibly near Chang'an District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Bo 827 BCE–?
Mao 毛國 Ji (姬姓) Mao (毛氏) Qishan County; Fufeng County, Shaanxi Province. Later moved to Yiyang County, Henan Province Bo 1046–516 BCE Qin
Bi 畢國 Ji (姬姓) Bi (畢氏) Xianyang City, Shaanxi Province Gong 1046 BCE–Early Spring and Autumn Period Xirong
Jing 井國 Jiang (姜姓) Jing (井氏) Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Bo
Liang 梁國 Ying (嬴姓) Liang (梁氏) Southern Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province Bo 8th century BCE–641 BCE Qin
Northern Rui 北芮國 Ji (姬姓) Rui (芮氏) Liangdai Village, Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province Bo 1046 BCE–640 BCE Qin
Southern Rui 南芮國 Ji (姬姓) Rui (芮氏) Chaoyi Town, Dali County, Shaanxi Province Bo 806 BCE–? Qin
Xiaoguo 小虢國 Ji (姬姓) Guo (虢/郭氏) Eastern Baoji City, Shaanxi Province Gong Early Spring and Autumn Period–687 BCE Qin
Chong 崇國 Chong (崇氏) Eastern Huyi County, Shaanxi Province
Han 韓國 Ji (姬姓) Han (韓氏) Hancheng City, Shaanxi Province

(or Gu'an County, Hebei Province)

Hou ?–757 BCE Jin
Du 杜國 Qi (祁姓) Du (杜氏) Southeastern Chang'an District, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province Bo
Hao 郝國 Feng (風姓) Hao (郝氏) Hao Village, Zu'an Town, Hu County, Shaanxi Province (or Hao Township, Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province) 11th century BCE–7th century BCE Qin
Mixu 密須國 Ji (姞姓) Lingtai County, Gansu Province c. 21st century–10th century BCE Zhou dynasty
Li 驪戎 Ji (姬姓)[2] Nan Jin

In Shanxi province

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Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Western Guo (Southern Guo) 西虢國 (南虢國) Ji (姬姓) From Northeastern Pinglu County, Shanxi Province and Sanmenxia City, Henan Province, to Lingbao City, Henan Province; Western Tongguan County, Shaanxi Province, to Southern Lushi County, Henan Province Gong 1046–655 BCE Jin
Northern Guo (Eastern Guo) 北虢國 (東虢國) Ji (姬姓) Pinglu County, Shanxi Province Possibly Bo or Hou Early Spring and Autumn Period–655 BCE Jin
Xun 荀國 (郇國) Ji (姬姓) Xun (荀氏) Northeastern Xinjiang County, Shanxi Province Hou 1046 BCE – 7th century BCE Jin
Ji 冀國 Qi (祁姓) Ji (冀氏) Hejin City, Shanxi Province 1046 BCE–? Jin
Dong 董國 Ji (己姓) Dong (董氏) Eastern Wenxi County, near Dong Town and Liyuan town, Shanxi Province Hou ca. 21st century BCE–ca. 7th century BCE Jin
Jia 賈國 Ji (姬姓) Jia (賈氏) Eastern Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province

(or Southwestern Rongcheng County, Hebei Province)

Bo 11th century BCE–678 BCE Jin
Yang 楊國 Ji (姬姓) Yang (楊氏) Southeastern Hongtong County, Shanxi Province Hou 786 BCE–ca. 7th century BCE Jin
Geng 耿國 Ji (姬姓) Geng (耿氏) Hejin City, Shanxi Province ?–661 BCE Jin
Wei 魏國 Ji (姬姓) Wei (魏氏) Ruicheng County, Shanxi Province Hou ?–661 BCE Jin
Huo 霍國 Ji (姬姓)霍氏 Southwestern Huozhou City, Shanxi Province Hou 1046–661 BCE Jin
Yu 虞國 Ji (姬姓) Yu (虞氏) Pinglu County, near Xia County, Shanxi Province Gong 1046–655 BCE Jin
Shen 沈國 Ji (姬姓) Along the banks of Fen River in Shanxi Province Jin
Si 姒國 Ji (姬姓) Along the banks of Fen River in Shanxi Province Jin
Ru 蓐國 Ji (姬姓) Along the banks of Fen River in Shanxi Province Jin
Huang 黃國 Ji (姬姓) Along the banks of Fen River in Shanxi Province Jin
Peng 倗國 Jiang County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province Bo Jin
Ba 霸國 Kui (媿姓) Ba (霸氏) Yicheng County, Linfen City, Shanxi Province Bo Jin
Li 黎國 Qi (祁姓) Li (黎氏) Northeastern Licheng County, Shanxi Province Hou ? –604 BCE Lushi
Dai 代國 Zi (子姓) Northeastern Shanxi Province Zhao

In Shandong Province

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Name of State Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Zhu (Zhuqi, Qi) 祝國 (祝其國、其國) Ji (姬姓) Zhu (祝氏) Northeastern Changqing District, Jinan City, Shandong Province 1046–768 BCE Qi
Nie 聶國 Jiang (姜姓) Nie (聶氏) Chiping District, Shandong Province
Ji 紀國 Jiang (姜姓) Ji (紀氏) Southern Shouguang City, Shandong Province Hou Shang Era–690 BCE Qi
Yu 鄅國 Yun (妘姓) Yu (禹氏) Lanling County, Linyi City, near Yinan County, Shandong Province Zi Lu
Zhu (Zou, Zhulou) 邾國 (鄒國、邾婁國) Cao (曹姓) Zhu (朱氏) Zoucheng City, Shandong Province Zi 1046–281 BCE Chu
Ju 莒國 Ji or Ying (己/嬴姓) Ju (莒氏) Jiaozhou City; Ju County, Shandong Province Zi 1046–431 BCE Chu
Xiang 向國 Jiang (姜姓) Xiang (向氏) Southwestern Ju County, Shandong Province Zi ?–721 BCE Ju
Ji 極國 (遽國) Ji (姬姓) Ji (遽氏) Southern Jinxiang County, Shandong Province ?–721 BCE Lu
Shi 邿國 (詩國、寺國) Ren (妊姓) Southeastern Jining City, Shandong Province ?–560 BCE Lu
Teng 滕國 Ji (姬姓) Teng (滕氏) Tengzhou City, Shandong Province Hou, or Zi 1046 BCE–297 BCE Song
Xue 薛國 Ren (任姓) Xue (薛氏) Tengzhou City, Shandong Province Hou, Bo Xia Era–298 BCE Qi, Wei
Ni (Xiao Zhu / Xiao Zhulou) 郳國 (小邾國、小邾婁國) Cao (曹姓) Ni or Yan (倪/颜氏) Eastern Tengzhou City, Shandong Province Zi c. 20th century BCE (653 BCE as Xiao Zhu)–325 BCE Chu
Lan 濫國 Cao (曹姓) Yangzhuang Town, Tengzhou City, Shandong Province 643 BCE–510 BCE Lu
Tan 郯國 Ji (己姓) Southwestern Tancheng County, Shandong Province Zi ?–414 BCE Chu (or Yue)
Zhuan 鄟國 Northeastern Tancheng County, Shandong Province ?–585 BCE Lu
Cheng 郕國 (成國、宬國) Ji (姬姓) Cheng (成氏) Northern Wenshang County, Shandong Province Bo 1046 BCE–408 BCE Qi, Lu (or Chu)
Su 宿國 Feng (風姓) Su (宿氏) Southwestern Dongping County, Shandong Province Nan 1046 BCE–684 BCE Song
Tan 譚國 Si (姒姓) Tan (譚氏) Jinan City, Shandong Province Zi 1046 BCE–684 BCE Qi
Sui 遂國 Gui (媯姓) Northwestern Ningyang County, Shandong Province Xia Era–681 BCE Qi
Xuju 須句國 Feng (風姓) Western Dongping County, Shandong Province Zi ?–639 BCE Zhu
Zeng 鄫國(繒國) Si (姒姓) Zeng (曾氏) Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Zi Xia Era–567 BCE Ju
Zhang 鄣國 Jiang (姜姓) Zhang (章氏) Pingyin County, Shandong Province ?–664 BCE Qi
Chunyu (Zhou) 淳于國 (州國) Jiang (姜姓) Chunyu (淳于氏) Northeastern Anqiu City, Shandong Province Gong 1046 BCE–? Qi (杞國)
Gao 郜國 Ji (姬姓) Gao (郜氏) Southeastern Chengwu County, Shandong Province Zi 1046 BCE–Early Spring and Autumn Period Song
Mao 茅國 Ji (姬姓) Mao (茅氏) Jinxiang County, Shandong Province Bo 1046 BCE–? Zhu
Ren 任國 Feng (風姓) Ren (任氏) Jining City, Shandong Province Qi
Pi 邳國 Ren (任姓) Xue (薛氏) Southern Tengzhou City, Shandong Province; Northeastern Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province Bo, Hou Xia Era–? Chu
Mou 牟國 Mou (牟氏) Laiwu City, Shandong Province Zi Lu
Genmou 根牟國 Jiang (姜姓) Lingquan Town, Junan County, Shandong Province 1046–600 BCE Lu
Yu Yuqiu (Yu Qiu) 於餘邱國 (餘邱國) Linshu County, Shandong Province
Biyang (Fuyang) 偪陽國 (傅陽國) Yun (妘姓) Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Zi ?–563 BCE Jin, Lu, Qi, Song, Wey, Cao
Guo 郭國 Ren (任姓) Guo (郭氏) Northeastern Dongchangfu District, Liaocheng City, Shandong Province Bo (Demoted to Zi under the Shang Dynasty) ?–670 BCE Qi
Zhuanyu 顓臾國 Feng (風姓) Pingyi County, Shandong Province [citation needed] Qin
Zhu 鑄國 Qi (祁姓) Feicheng City, bordering Ningyang County, Shandong Province Qi
Yang 陽國 Ji (姬姓) Yang (陽氏) Yishui County, Shandong Province Hou ?–660 BCE Qi
Fei 費國 Ji (季姓) Fei (費氏) Cao County, Shandong Province Chu
Zhu 諸國 Si or Peng (姒/彭姓) Zhu (諸氏) Zhucheng City; Anqiu City, Shandong Province
Jie (Yi) 介國 (夷國) Yun (妘姓) Qingdao City, Shandong Province Huang
Kan 闞國 Kan (闞氏) Northern Jiaxiang County, Shandong Province
Guo 過國 Ren (任姓) Han (寒氏) Laizhou City, Yantai City, Shandong Province Xia Era–?
Lai (Laiyi) 萊國 (萊夷國) Southeastern Longkou City, Shandong Province Hou, Gong ?–567 BCE Qi
Rong 戎國 Cao County, Shandong Province Qi
Mie 蔑國 Sishui County, Shandong Province Lu

In Hubei Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Ruo 鄀國 Neixiang County, Henan Province; Later moved to Southeastern Yicheng City, Hubei Province Zi Chu
Zhen 軫國 Yan (偃姓) Western Yingcheng City, Hubei Province Chu
E 鄂國 Ji (姞姓) E (鄂氏) Anju Town, Suizhou City, Hubei Province Hou Shang Era–? Chu
Sui 隨國 Ji (姬姓) Suizhou City, Hubei Province Hou Chu
Zeng 曾國 (鄫國) Zeng (曾氏) Zaoyang City, Hubei Province Hou
Kui 夔國 (隗國,歸國) Mi (羋姓) Xiong (熊氏) Zigui County, Hubei Province Zi (Self-styled Wang) ?–634 BCE Chu
Luo 羅國 Mi (羋姓) Luo (羅氏) Yicheng City, Hubei Province Zi Shang Era–690 BCE Chu
Deng 鄧國 Man (曼姓) Deng (鄧氏) Northern Xiangyang City, Hubei Province (or Dengzhou City, Henan Province) Hou Shang Era–678 BCE Chu
Quan 權國 Zi or Mi (子/羋姓) Quan (權氏) Shayang County, Jingmen City, Hubei Province Gong 12th century BCE–7th century BCE Chu
Yun 鄖國 Ying, Yun, or Ji (嬴/妘/姬姓) Anlu City, Hubei Province Zi Chu
Jiao 絞國 Yan (偃姓) Northwestern Yunyang District, Shiyan City, Hubei Province Chu
Lai (Li) 賴國 (厲國) Jiang (姜姓) Lai (賴氏) Northeastern Suizhou City, Hubei Province (alternatively Luyi County, or Shangcheng County, Henan Province) ?–581 BCE Chu
You 鄾國 Man (曼姓) Zhangwan Subdistrict, Xiangzhou District, Xiangyang City, Hubei Province Zi Chu
Lin 廩國 Chu
Gu 穀國 Ying (嬴姓) Gu (谷氏) Northwestern Gucheng County, Hubei Province Bo ?–ca. 20th century BCE Chu
Er 貳國 Guangshui City, Hubei Province Chu
Zhou (Xizhou) 州國 (西州國) Yan (偃姓) Jianli City, Hubei Province Gong Chu
Yong 庸國 (鄘國) Shangyong Town, Zhushan County, Hubei Province ?–611 BCE Chu, Qin, Ba
Qun 麇國 Yunyang County, Hubei Province Zi ?–611 BCE Chu
Tang 唐國 Qi (祁姓) Tang (唐氏) Sui County; Zaoyang City, Hubei Province Hou ?–505 BCE Chu
Dan 聃國 Ji (姬姓) Jingmen City, Hubei Province (Alternatively Fuyang City, Anhui Province) 1040 BCE–LateWestern Zhou Chu
Lu

(Lurong)

盧國 (盧戎國) Gui (媯姓) Lu (盧氏) Xiangyang City, Hubei Province Zi ? –690 BCE Chu
Yin 陰國 Laohekou City, Hubei Province ?–532 BCE Chu
Western Huang 西黃國 East of the Han River; Southeast of Yicheng City, Hubei Province (or Sichuan Province) ?–ca. 7th century BCE Chu

In Chongqing

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Yu [zh] 魷國 (魚國) Er Yufu (now Baidicheng) Bo ?–612 BCE Chu
Ba 巴國 Ji (姬姓) Chongqing and part of eastern Sichuan Province Zi 1046–316 BCE Qin

In Sichuan Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Shu 蜀國 Du (杜姓) Kaiming (开明氏) Sichuan Province Non–Zhou kingdom coinciding with this period. Monarchs bearing the title of emperor. ?–316 BCE Qin

In Anhui Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Shen 沈國 Ji (姬姓) Shen (沈氏) Pingyu County, Henan Province; Gucheng Village, Sheqiao Town, Linquan County, Anhui Province Zi 1040–506 BCE Cai
Liu (Lu) 六國 (錄國) Yan (偃姓) Northern Lu'an City, Anhui Province Bo 1046–622 BCE Chu
Ying 英國 Yan (偃姓) Ying (英氏) Lu'an City, Anhui Province 1046–646 BCE Chu
Tong 桐國 Yan (偃姓) Tongcheng City, Anhui Province Chu
Yang 養國 Ying (嬴姓) Yangqiao Town, Linquan County, Anhui Province Bo ? –528 BCE Chu
Xiao 蕭國 Zi (子姓) Xiao (蕭氏) Northwestern Xiao County, Anhui Province Hou ?–579 BCE Chu
Shu 舒國 Yan (偃姓) Shu (舒氏) Shucheng County, Anhui Province Zi 1046–657 BCE Xu
Shuyong 舒庸國 Yan (偃姓) Shucheng County, Anhui Province 1046–574 BCE Chu
Shujiu 舒鳩國 Yan (偃姓) Shucheng County, Anhui Province 1046–548 BCE Chu
Shuliao (Liao) 舒蓼國 (蓼國) Yan (偃姓) Gushi County, Henan Province; Huoqiu County, Anhui Province 1046–601 BCE Chu
Shulong 舒龍國 Yan (偃姓) 1046 BCE– Chu
Shugong 舒龔國 Yan (偃姓) 1046 BCE– Chu
Shubao 舒鮑國 Yan (偃姓) 1046 BCE– Chu
Zong 宗國 Yan (偃姓) Zong (宗氏) Shucheng County, Lujiang County, Anhui Province Chu
Chao 巢國 Yan (偃姓) Chao (巢氏) Chaohu City, Anhui Province Bo ? –518 BCE Wu
Wan 皖國 Yan or Xia (偃/夏姓) Qianshan City, Anhui Province Bo 1046 BCE–? Chu
Lu 廬國 Hefei City, Anhui Province Zi 1046 BCE–? Chu
Zhongli 鍾離國 Ying (嬴姓) Zhongli (鍾離氏) Fengyang County, Anhui Province Zi Chu
Zhoulai 州來國 Fengtai County, Anhui Province Chu
Nanhu 南胡國 Gui (媯姓) Hu (胡氏) Fuyang City, Anhui Province Zi ? –496 BCE Chu
Yuezhang 越章國 Mi (羋姓) Xiong (熊氏) Yi'an District, Tongling City, Anhui Province Zi 880 BCE–?

In Jiangsu Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Han 邗國 Southeastern Yangzhou City, Jiangsu Province 1046 BCE–?
Zhongwu 鍾吾國 Suqian City, Jiangsu Province Zi ?–518 BCE Wu
Peng 彭國 Peng (彭氏) Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province
Xu 徐國 Ying (嬴姓) Xu (徐氏) Tancheng County, Shandong Province; Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province Hou, Zi (Self-styled Wang) ?–512 BCE Wu
Yan 奄國 Wujin District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Early Spring and Autumn Period–? Wu

In Hebei Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Fei 肥國 Gaocheng District, Hebei Province ?–530 BCE Jin
Gu 鼓國 Ji (姬姓) Western Jinzhou City, Hebei Province ?–521 BCE Jin
Xing 邢國 Ji (姬姓) Xingtai City, Hebei Province Hou 1040–635 BCE Wey, Jin
Dai 代國 Zi (子姓) Northwest Hebei Province Zhao

In Liaoning Province

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Guzhu 孤竹國 Zi (子姓) Motai (墨胎氏) Southwestern Chaoyang City, Liaoning Province Hou Start of the Shang Dynasty–664 BCE Yan, Qi

In Korean Peninsula

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Ji (Gija Joseon) 箕國 (箕氏朝鮮) Zi (子姓) Northern Korean Peninsula Hou Start of the Zhou Dynasty–Start of the Han Dynasty Wiman Joseon

Tribes or states outside the vassalage of the Zhou Dynasty

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Xianyu 鮮虞國 Ji (姬姓) ?–506 BCE (Restored as Zhongshan) Jin
Yiqu 義渠國 Yiqu (義渠) Shang Era–272 BCE Qin
Yanjing Rong 燕京戎 Jingle County, Qi County, Jiexiu City, Shanxi Province Zhou dynasty
Mianzhu 綿諸國 Qin
Shanrong 山戎 Qi
Luhun Rong 陸渾戎 ? –525 BCE Jin
Yiluo Rong 伊洛戎 Han, Wei
Quanrong[3] 犬戎 Qin
Xirong 西戎 Qin
Rongman (Manshi) 戎蠻(蠻氏、曼氏) Southeastern Ruyang County, Southwestern Ruzhou County, Henan Province Zi ?–491 BCE Chu
Baidi 白狄 Ji (姬姓) Jin
Chidi 赤狄 Jin
Changdi 長狄 Qi (漆姓) Jin
Chou You 仇由 ?–5th century BCE Jin
Jiashi 甲氏 Kui (媿姓) ?–593 BCE Jin
Duo Chen 鐸辰 Kui (媿姓) ?–593 BCE Jin
Liuxu 留吁 Kui (媿姓) ?–593 BCE Jin
Qiang Gao Ru 嗇咎如 Kui (媿姓) ?–588 BCE Jin
Lushi (Dongshan Gaoluo clan) 潞氏(東山皋落氏) Kui (媿姓) Northeastern Lucheng District, Shanxi Province Zi 604 BCE–594 BCE Jin
Maorong 茅戎 Jin
Souman 鄋瞞 ?–594 BCE Jin
Wuzhong 無終國 Qi
Lingzhi 令支國 Yan

States during the Warring States period (403 BCE – 221 BCE)

[edit]

Main States

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Qin 秦國 Ying (嬴姓) Zhao(趙氏)[1] Central and southern Shaanxi Province, eastern Gansu Province, Sichuan Province, Chongqing City, western Henan Province, western Hubei Province. Unified China in 221 BCE.
  • Zhong and Bo (conferred in 770 BCE)
  • Wang (self-proclaimed from 325 BCE)
  • Emperor (in 288 BCE, called the "emperor" of the west, respected Qi as the "emperor" of the east, later abolished)
  • Emperor of China (renamed after the unification of the country in 221 BCE)
770–206 BCE Western Chu
Yan 燕國 Ji (姬姓) Yan (燕氏) Southern Liaoning Province, Beijing City, Tianjin City, northern Hebei Province Hou, Wang (Self-Proclaimed, 323 BCE) 1046–221 BCE Qin
Chu 楚國 Mi (芈姓) Xiong (熊氏) Hubei Province, northern Hunan Province, western Anhui Province, western Jiangxi Province, southern Henan Province; later expanded to Jiangsu Province and Zhejiang Province Zi, Wang (Self-proclaimed, 704 BCE) Before 1046 BCE–223 BCE Qin
Zhao 趙國 Ying (嬴姓) Zhao (趙氏)[1][4] Western Hebei Province, northern Shanxi Province, and southern Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Hou, Wang (Self-proclaimed, 296 BCE) 403–222 BCE Qin
Wei 魏國 Ji (姬姓) Wei (魏氏) Southern Shanxi Province, northern Henan Province, eastern Shaanxi Province, and parts of Hebei Province Hou, Wang (Self-proclaimed, 344 BCE) 403–225 BCE Qin
Han 韓國 Ji (姬姓) Han (韓氏) Henan Province Hou, Wang (Self-proclaimed, 324 BCE) 403–230 BCE Qin
Qi, historically known as Tian Qi 齊國 Gui (媯姓) Tian (田氏) Eastern Shandong Province; southern Hebei Province Hou, Wang (Self-proclaimed, 334 BCE) 386–221 BCE Qin

Other States

[edit]
Name of state Hanzi Family Present location Title Start and end year Conqueror
Eastern Zhou 東周國 Ji (姬姓) Southwestern Gongyi City, Henan Province Jun (君) 367–249 BCE Qin
Western Zhou 西周國 Ji (姬姓) Luoyang City, Henan Province Jun (君) 440–2566 BCE Qin
Qi, historically known as Jiang Qi 齊國 Jiang (姜姓) (吕氏) Eastern Shandong Province, Southern Hebei Province Hou 1046–379 BCE Tian Clan
Lu 魯國 Ji (姬姓) Lu (魯氏) Qufu City, Shandong Province Hou 1046–256 BCE Chu
Cai 蔡國 Ji (姬姓) Cai (蔡氏) Xincai County; Shangcai County, Henan Province Hou 1046–447 BCE Chu
Wey 衞國 Ji (姬姓)Wey (衞氏) Qi County; Puyang City, Henan Province Hou, Jun (After 330 BCE) 1040–209 BCE Qin
Song 宋國 Zi (子姓) Song (宋氏), Zi (子姓) Dai (戴氏) Shangqiu City; Tongxu County, Henan Province Gong, Wang (Self-proclaimed 323 BCE) 1040–286 BCE Qi, Wei, Chu
Jin 晉國 Ji (姬姓) Jin (晉氏) Shanxi Province, Northern Henan Province, Eastern Shaanxi Province, Eastern Hebei Province Hou 1033–349 BCE Han, Zhao, Wei (Partition of Jin)
Yue 越國 Si (姒姓) Zhejiang Province, formerly reached southern Shandong Province and northern Fujian Province Zi, Wang (Self-styled) 2032–222 BCE Qin
Zheng 鄭國 Ji (姬姓) Zheng 鄭氏 Xinzheng City, Henan Province Bo 806–375 BCE Han
Qi 杞國 Si (姒姓) Qi (杞氏) Qi County, Kaifeng City, Henan Province Bo 1046–445 BCE Chu
Zhu (Zou) 邾國(鄒國) Cao (曹姓) Zhu (朱氏) Zoucheng City, Shandong Province Zi 1046–281 BCE Chu
Xue 薛國 Ren (任姓) Xue (薛氏) Zaozhuang City, Shandong Province Hou Xia Era–298 BCE Qi, Wei
Ni

(Xiao Zhu / Xiao Zhulou)

郳國 (小邾國, 小邾婁國) Cao (曹姓) Ni or Yan (倪/颜氏) Eastern Tengzhou City, Shandong Province Zi c. 8th century BCE (653 BCE as Xiao Zhu)–325 BCE Chu
Teng 滕國 Ji (姬姓) Teng (滕氏) Tengzhou City, Shandong Province Hou or Zi 1046–297 BCE Song
Ju 莒國 Ji or Ying (己/嬴姓) Ju (莒氏) Ju County, Shandong Province Zi 1046–431 BCE Chu
Ren 任國 Feng (風姓) Ren (任氏) Jining City, Shandong Province Lu
Tan 郯國 Ji (己姓) Southwestern Tancheng County, Shandong Province Zi ?–414 BCE Chu (or Yue)
Fei 費國 Ji (季姓) Fei (費氏) Fei County, Shandong Province Lu
Pi 邳國 Ren (任姓) Xue (薛氏) Pizhou City, Jiangsu Province Xia Era–? Chu
Zhongshan 中山國 Ji (姬姓) Eastern foothills of the Taihang Mountains, Central Hebei Province Wang (Self-Proclaimed, 323 BCE) ?–296 BCE Wei, Zhao
Shu 蜀國 Du (杜姓) Kaiming (开明氏) Central Sichuan Province Non-Zhou kingdom coinciding with this period. Later monarchs bore the title of Di, emperor, (帝). ?–316 BCE Qin
Ba 巴國 Ji (姬姓) Chongqing City and parts of eastern Sichuan Province Zi ?–316 BCE Qin
Ju 苴國 Guangyuan City, Sichuan Province Hou (Title granted by Shu) 368 BCE–316 BCE Qin
Anling 安陵國 Ji (姬姓) Northwestern Yanling County, Henan Province Jun (君) Qin
Fulou 縛婁國 Huizhou City, Guangdong Province Qin?
Yangyu 陽禺國 Qingyuan City, Guangdong Province Qin?

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c 《史記·秦本纪》:「蜚廉惡來。... 蜚廉復有子曰季勝。...繆王以趙城封造父,造父族由此為趙氏。自蜚廉生季勝已下五世至造父,別居趙。...惡來革者,蜚廉子也,蚤死。有子曰女防。女防生旁皋,旁皋生太幾,太幾生大駱,大駱生非子。以造父之寵,皆蒙趙城,姓趙氏。非子居犬丘,好馬及畜,善養息之。犬丘人言之周孝王,孝王召使主馬于汧渭之間,馬大蕃息。...於是孝王曰:「昔伯翳為舜主畜,畜多息,故有土,賜姓嬴。今其後世亦為朕息馬,朕其分土為附庸。」邑之秦,使復續嬴氏祀,號曰秦嬴。
  2. ^ 《左傳·莊公二十八 BCE》:「晉伐驪戎,驪戎男女以驪姬。」
  3. ^ 《山海經·大荒北經》:「大荒之中,有山名曰融父山,順水入焉。有人名曰犬戎。黃帝生苗龍,苗龍生融吾,融吾生弄明,弄明生白犬,白犬有牝牡,是為犬戎,肉食。」
  4. ^ 皇甫谧《帝王世纪》:「先世造父之为穆王御,有功,封之于赵城,国为赵氏也。与简子同祖,嬴姓也。」
  • 魯、晉、越亡國時間從楊寬戰國史》。
  • 楊伯峻:《春秋左傳注》,中華書局
  • 楊寬:《戰國史》、《戰國史料編年輯証》、《西周史》,台灣商務印書館
  • 許倬雲:《西周史》,聯經出版公司
  • 方詩銘:《中國歷史紀年表》,上海人民出版社
  • 王貴民:《春秋會要》,中華書局