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List of people from Southern Italy

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This is a list of notable southern Italians.

Southern Italy or Mezzogiorno comprises eight regions: Abruzzo, Molise, Apulia, Campania, Basilicata, Calabria, Sicily, and Sardinia.[nb 1]

Architects

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Main page: Sicilian architects

Chess players

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  • Paolo Boi (1528–1598), was a chess player. "He is widely considered the 3rd unofficial chess champion of the world from 1587–1598."[5]
  • Giovanni Leonardo Di Bona (1542–1587), was a "Neapolitan lawyer and one of the strongest players of his time."[6]
  • Giulio Cesare Polerio (c. 1550 – c. 1610), was a master who made significant contributions to chess analysis and theory.
  • Alessandro Salvio (c. 1570 – c. 1640), was a "chess player who was considered by many to be the 4th unofficial world champion between the years 1598 and 1620."[7]
  • Pietro Carrera (1573–1647), was a priest, chess player and author from Militello, Sicily.
  • Gioachino Greco (c. 1600 – c. 1634), also known as Il Calabrese, was "the most famous [chess] player of the seventeenth century."[8]
  • Fabiano Caruana (born 1992), is a former chess prodigy. One of the youngest grandmasters of all times.

Cinematography

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See also: Category:Actors from Sicily

Criminals

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Bandits

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Mafia

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Main articles: Camorra, Sacra Corona Unita, 'Ndrangheta, Sicilian Mafia, and Stidda
See also: Omertà and Pizzo (extortion)
  • Vito Cascioferro (1862–1943), was a member of the Inglese Mafia family in Palermo, Sicily, and had fled to New York in 1900 to avoid a murder charge.
  • James Colosimo (1877–1920), "crime czar in Chicago from about 1902 until his death, owner of plush brothels, saloons, and a nightclub."[16]
  • Johnny Torrio (1882–1957), was a gangster who became a top crime boss in Chicago.
  • Joe Masseria (17 January 1886 – 1931), "leading crime boss of New York City from the early 1920s until his murder in 1931."[17]
  • Frank Nitti (27 January 1886 – 1943), a gangster who was Al Capone's chief enforcer and inherited Capone's criminal empire when Capone went to prison in 1931.
  • Frank Costello (1891–1973), nicknamed "The Prime Minister of the Underworld," he became one of the most powerful and influential mob bosses in American history.
  • Joe Profaci (October 1897 – 1962), was "one of the most powerful bosses in U.S. organized crime from the 1940s to the early 1960s."[18]
  • Lucky Luciano (24 November 1897 – 1962), mobster who is credited as the father of modern organized crime in the United States.
  • Vito Genovese (27 November 1897 – 1969), was one of the most powerful figures in the history of organized crime in the United States.
  • Carlo Gambino (August 1902 – 1976), was the most powerful crime figure in the United States before his death in 1976.
  • Albert Anastasia (September 1902 – 1957), was one of the most ruthless and feared Cosa Nostra mobsters in U. S. history.
  • Antonio Macrì (c. 1902 – 1975), was a historical and charismatic boss of the 'Ndrangheta.
  • Michele Navarra (5 January 1905 – 1958), doctor and Mafia boss in Corleone; murdered in 1958 by his fosterson, Luciano Leggio.
  • Joseph Bonanno (18 January 1905 – 2002), was a mafioso who became the boss of the Bonanno crime family.
  • Luciano Leggio (1925–1993), was a criminal and leading figure of the Sicilian Mafia.
  • Tommaso Buscetta (1928–2000), was an influential Sicilian mafioso from Palermo.
  • Salvatore Riina (born 1930), is a member of the Sicilian Mafia. The most powerful member of the criminal organization in the early 1980s.
  • Giuseppe Calò (born 1931), is a Sicilian Mafia boss, also known as the "Mafia's cashier."[19]
  • Bernardo Provenzano (born 1933), is a member of the Sicilian Mafia. The boss of bosses of the entire Sicilian Mafia until his arrest in 2006.
  • Giuseppe Morabito (born 1934), is a criminal and a historical boss of the 'Ndrangheta.
  • Benedetto Santapaola (born 1938), better known as Nitto is a prominent mafioso from Catania.
  • Stefano Bontade (1939–1981), was an influential member of the Sicilian Mafia.
  • Raffaele Cutolo (born 1941), is a crime boss and the charismatic leader of the Nuova Camorra Organizzata.
  • Leoluca Bagarella (February 1942), is a member of the Sicilian Mafia.
  • Salvatore Lo Piccolo (July 1942), is a Sicilian mafioso and one of the most powerful bosses of Palermo.
  • Luigi Giuliano (born 1949), is a former Camorrista who was the boss of the powerful Giuliano clan, based in the district of Forcella, Naples.
  • Francesco Schiavone (January 1953), is an influential member of the Camorra.
  • Paolo Di Lauro (August 1953), is a crime boss, leader of the Di Lauro Clan, a Camorra crime organization.
  • Edoardo Contini (born 1955), is a Camorra boss. He is the founder and head of the Contini clan.
  • Giovanni Brusca (born 1957), is a former member of the Sicilian Mafia.
  • Michele Zagaria (born 1958), is a boss of the Camorra clan Casalesi.
  • Matteo Messina Denaro (born 1962), is a Sicilian mafioso. According to Forbes magazine he is among the ten most wanted criminals in the world.

Antimafia

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Main article: Antimafia
See also: Law enforcement in Italy and Article 41-bis prison regime
  • Joseph Petrosino (1860–1909), a police detective who was killed by the Mafia in Palermo in 1909.
  • Cesare Terranova (1921–1979), a magistrate and member of the Italian parliament who was murdered by the Mafia.
  • Libero Grassi (1924–1991), a Palermo small businessman who had made public his refusal to pay protection money, was killed outside his home.
  • Rocco Chinnici (January 1925 – 1983), an investigative magistrate, was killed by the Mafia in the summer of 1983.
  • Giuseppe Fava (September 1925 – 1984), was a writer, journalist, playwright, and Antimafia activist who was killed by the Mafia.
  • Pio La Torre (1927–1982), the Communist member of parliament, and author of the law which bears his name on combating the Mafia, was killed in 1982.
  • Pino Puglisi (1937–1993), was a parish priest in Palermo, well known for his Antimafia position.
  • Giovanni Falcone (1939–1992), was an Antimafia magistrate. He was killed along with his wife and three bodyguards.
  • Paolo Borsellino (1940–1992), was an Antimafia prosecutor who was killed by a Mafia car bomb in Palermo.
  • Pietro Grasso (born 1945), former Antimafia magistrate, was born in Licata, on 1 January 1945.
  • Giuseppe Impastato (1948–1978), was a political activist who opposed the Mafia that ordered his murder in 1978.
  • Rosario Livatino (1952–1990), a brave young Antimafia prosecutor who was killed by Mafia.
  • Rita Atria (1974–1992), was a key witness in a major Mafia investigation in Sicily. A powerful symbol of the fight for truth, justice, and the defeat of the Mafia.
  • Roberto Saviano (born 1979), is a writer and journalist. Author of Gomorrah, a best-selling exposé of the Camorra Mafia in Naples.

Economists

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Engineers

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Explorers

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Fashion designers

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Fashion models

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The Sicilian top model Eva Riccobono.

Military figures

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Missionaries

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Musicians

[edit]
Main page: Sardinian musicians
  • Carlo Gesualdo (1560–1613), composer famed for his chromatic madrigals and motets.
  • Sigismondo d'India (c. 1582 – 1629), was the most important composer active in Sicily during the early part of the 17th century.
  • Luigi Rossi (c. 1597 – 1653), was a Baroque composer of chamber cantatas, operas, and church music.
  • Francesco Provenzale (c. 1626 – 1704),[32] "Neapolitan composer – one of the driving forces behind the establishment of Neapolitan opera – and teacher."[32]
  • Alessandro Scarlatti (1660–1725), prolific and influential composer of the Baroque era.
  • Michele Mascitti (1664–1760), violinist and Baroque composer. He was considered comparable to Corelli and Albinoni.
  • Pietro Filippo Scarlatti (1679–1750), was a composer, organist, and choirmaster who was a prominent member of the Italian Baroque School.
  • Francesco Durante (1684–1755), was a leading composer of church music in the early 18th century, as well as an internationally renowned teacher in Naples.[33]
  • Domenico Scarlatti (1685–1757), harpsichordist and composer. His harpsichord sonatas are highly distinctive and original.
  • Nicola Porpora (1686–1768), composer. He was a prominent master of the Neapolitan operatic style.
  • Leonardo Vinci (1690–1730), "composer who was one of the originators of the Neapolitan style of opera."[34]
  • Francesco Feo (1691–1761), was a composer lauded by Reichardt in 1791 as "one of the greatest of all composers of church music in Italy."
  • Leonardo Leo (1694–1744), prolific composer, teacher, and conservatory administrator.
  • Farinelli (1705–1782), "legendary soprano castrato, composer of arias and keyboard works, and theatrical producer."[35]
  • Egidio Duni (1708–1775), was one of the chief opéra comique composers of his day.
  • Caffarelli (1710–1783), was a mezzo-soprano castrato. "As a singer he was ranked second only to Farinelli with an enchanting voice and fine execution."[36]
  • Niccolò Jommelli (1714–1774), composer of religious music and operas, notable as an innovator in his use of the orchestra.
  • Ignazio Fiorillo (1715–1787), was a "composer of fourteen operas, symphonies, sonatas, an oratorio and church music; pupil of Leo and Durante."[37]
  • Tommaso Traetta (1727–1779), was an opera composer who in some senses anticipated Gluck's reforms of the medium.[38]
  • Niccolò Piccinni (1728–1800), was better known for his comic operas, though he was equally adept in the realm of opera seria.
  • Giovanni Paisiello (1740–1816), composer of operas admired for their robust realism and dramatic power.
  • Domenico Cimarosa (1749–1801), operatic composer. He wrote almost 80 operas, which were successfully produced in Rome, Naples, Vienna, and St. Petersburg.
  • Niccolò Antonio Zingarelli (1752–1837), was "one of the principal Italian composers of operas and religious music of his time."[39]
  • Ferdinando Carulli (1770–1841), was an important guitarist, composer and teacher.
  • Mauro Giuliani (1781–1829), was "the most important guitarist and composer of guitar music of his time."[40]
  • Michele Carafa (1787–1872), was "one of the most prolific opera composers of his day."[41]
  • Luigi Lablache (1794–1858), was a well-known bass of the Classical and early Romantic eras.
  • Saverio Mercadante (1795–1870), was an important opera composer who studied at the Naples Conservatory and began composing in 1819.
  • Salvadore Cammarano (March 1801 – 1852), was among the most prolific writers for Italian romantic opera.
  • Vincenzo Bellini (November 1801 – 1835), composer of operas. His most notable works were Norma and La sonnambula, and I puritani.
  • Federico Ricci (1809–1877), was a famous composer, brother of Luigi Ricci.
  • Giovanni Matteo Mario (1810–1883), Cavaliere di Candia, better known simply as Mario, was a world-famous opera singer.
  • Errico Petrella (1813–1877), was an influential opera composer.
  • Gaetano Braga (1829–1907), was an eminent cellist and composer who lived mainly in London and Paris.
  • Luigi Denza (February 1846 – 1922), was the composer of the immortal Neapolitan Piedigrotta song Funiculì, Funiculà.
  • Paolo Tosti (April 1846 – 1916), eminent composer of songs, was born in Ortona, Abruzzi, on 9 April 1846.
  • Giuseppe Martucci (1856–1909), "was a pioneer in restoring instrumental music to a place of prominence in nineteenth-century operatic Italy."[42]
  • Ruggero Leoncavallo (1857–1919), composer and librettist who wrote the opera Pagliacci.
  • Eduardo di Capua (1865–1917), was the composer of several of the greatest Neapolitan songs, including 'O sole mio, Maria, Marì, and I' te vurria vasà.
  • Francesco Cilea (1866–1950), composer whose operas are distinguished by their melodic charm.
  • Umberto Giordano (1867–1948), composer. His most famous work is the richly melodic Andrea Chénier. Fedora and Madame Sans-Gêne are also well known.
  • Vittorio Monti (1868–1922), was "an eminent composer, mandolinist and conductor."[43]
  • Enrico Caruso (1873–1921), was considered one of the greatest singers in the history of opera. He "is for many the Italian tenor par excellence."[44]
  • Franco Alfano (March 1875 – 1954), was an "eminent composer and teacher."[citation needed]
  • Leonardo De Lorenzo (August 1875 – 1962), was one of the world's foremost flutists.
  • Giuseppe Anselmi (1876–1929), was a gifted lyrico-spinto tenor of Sicilian birth.
  • E. A. Mario (1884–1961), was a prolific author of songs in dialect and in Italian (La leggenda del Piave, Vipera, and Balocchi e profumi to mention only a few).
  • Tito Schipa (1888–1965), tenor. He sang in Italy from 1910, specializing in lyrical roles.
  • Maria Caniglia (1905–1979), was "the leading Italian lyric-dramatic soprano of the 1930s."[45]
  • Licia Albanese (born 1913), operatic soprano who was a great favorite of Arturo Toscanini.
  • Carlo Maria Giulini (1914–2005), "was the leading Italian conductor of his generation."[46]
  • Renato Carosone (1920–2001), was a cabaret singer. A key figure in Italian music, Carosone recorded the 1957 hit Torero.
  • Giuseppe Di Stefano (1921–2008), lyric tenor who was hailed as one of the finest operatic tenors of his generation.
  • Domenico Modugno (1928–1994), singer, songwriter, and actor. He was best known for singing the international hit Volare, which Modugno co-wrote.
  • Dalida (1933–1987), was a singer, achieved immense popularity on the international pop and disco music scene between the 1950s and the 1980s.
  • Adriano Celentano (born 1938), is a celebrated singer, actor, comedian, and director. He is the best-selling male Italian singer.
  • Peppino di Capri (born 1939), is one of the most famous Italian songs in the world.
  • Nicola Di Bari (born 1940), is a celebrated pop singer. He won the Sanremo Music Festival in 1971 and 1972.
  • Riccardo Muti (July 1941), is a "conductor in the old style – fiery, demanding, and charismatic."[47]
  • Salvatore Accardo (September 1941), is considered one of the greatest violin talents of the Italian school of the 20th century.
  • Mario Trevi (November 1941), is a well-known Neapolitan singer.
  • Albano Carrisi (born 1943), is one of the most celebrated singers of Italian modern music.
  • Franco Battiato (1945–2021), was one of the most important avant-garde composers.
  • Salvatore Sciarrino (April 1947), "is one of Europe's most prolific composers."[48]
  • Mia Martini (September 1947 – 1995), pseudonym of Domenica Berté, was a popular and critically acclaimed Italian singer.
  • Rino Gaetano (1950–1981), was an original and innovative singer and musician, who died prematurely in a car crash.
  • Massimo Ranieri (born 1951), pop singer and actor. He is a big name in music in Italy.
  • Mango (1954–2014), "Italian rock fusion innovator".[49]
  • Pino Daniele (1955–2015), is a famous Neapolitan singer.
  • Raf (born 1959), singer and songwriter. He is the author of the original version of "Self Control".
  • Fabio Biondi (March 1961), is a violinist and conductor most renowned for his interpretation of the Italian baroque repertoire.
  • Anna Oxa (April 1961), is a singer. She won the Sanremo Music Festival twice, in 1989 with "Ti lascerò" and in 1999 with "Senza pietà".
  • Gigi D'Alessio (born 1967), is a popular singer and Neapolitan singer-songwriter.
  • Salvatore Licitra (1968–2011), was a tenor known in his Italian homeland as the "new Pavarotti"[50] for his potent voice and considerable stamina.
  • Ildebrando D'Arcangelo (born 1969), is a bass-baritone. He "has established himself as one of the most exciting singers of his generation."[51]
  • Caparezza (born 1973), is the pseudonym of Michele Salvemini. He is a famous Apulian rapper.
  • Carmen Consoli (born 1974), is a singer-songwriter. One of Italy's leading popular musicians.

Painters

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See also the categories Painters from Naples and Painters from Sicily
  • Niccolò Antonio Colantonio (c. 1420 – c. 1460), was a painter. "The leading figure at the court of King René of Anjou at Naples."[52]
  • Antonello da Messina (c. 1430 – 1479), was one of the most groundbreaking and influential painters of the quattrocento.
  • Girolamo Alibrandi (1470–1524), was a distinguished painter, called "the Raphael of Messina."
  • Scipione Pulzone (c. 1542 or 1543 – 1598), was a painter. "He painted historical and religious subjects and was a celebrated portraitist."[53]
  • Mario Minniti (1577–1640), was a painter. "With Alonzo Rodriguez he represents the most direct Sicilian response to the new art of Caravaggio."[54]
  • Battistello Caracciolo (1578–1635), was an important Neapolitan follower of Caravaggio – and only a few years younger.
  • Massimo Stanzione (c. 1586 – c. 1656), was a talented painter. This earned him the nickname of "Napolitan Guido Reni."
  • Andrea Vaccaro (May 1600 – 1670), was a tenebrist painter.
  • Aniello Falcone (November 1600 – 1656), was a painter known principally for his depictions of battlefields.
  • Pietro Novelli (1603–1647), was a renowned painter otherwise known as il Monrealese.
  • Francesco Cozza (1605–1682), was a painter of the Baroque period. He was born at Stilo, in Calabria.
  • Mattia Preti (1613–1699), painter. One of the most talented southern artists, who did much of his best work for the Knights of Malta.
  • Salvator Rosa (1615–1673), painter and polymath. His best-known paintings represent scenes of wild, un trammeled nature, populated with small genre figures.
  • Bernardo Cavallino (1616–1656), was a famous Neapolitan painter of the first half of the 17th century.
  • Antonio de Bellis (c. 1616 – c. 1656), was a painter. "He worked primarily in Naples in a formidable naturalistic style deeply influenced by Jusepe de Ribera."[55]
  • Giuseppe Recco (June 1634 – 1695), "was the most celebrated Neapolitan still-life painter of his day."[56]
  • Luca Giordano (October 1634 – 1705), painter and draughtsman. He was one of the most celebrated artists of the Neapolitan Baroque.
  • Francesco Solimena (1657–1747), was one of the great Italian artists of the Baroque era.
  • Sebastiano Conca (1680–1764), was a Neapolitan painter and a pupil of Solimena.
  • Corrado Giaquinto (1703–1765), was a famous Rococo painter.
  • Giuseppe Bonito (1707–1789), was a painter. "One of the most influential artists of the Neapolitan school in the 18th century."[57]
  • Vito D'Anna (1718–1769), was a painter. One of the most important artists of Sicily.
  • Gaspare Traversi (c. 1722 – 1770), an important Neapolitan painter, was the creator of elegant and sometimes raucous genre scenes.
  • Domenico Morelli (1826–1901), was a leading exponent of the Neapolitan school of painting in the second half of the 19th century.
  • Francesco Lojacono (1838–1915), was a Sicilian landscape and seascape painter.
  • Giacomo Di Chirico (1844–1883), painter. He was one of the most elite Neapolitan artists of the 19th century.
  • Giuseppe De Nittis (1846–1884), was an influential painter. "Early in his career he was associated with the Macchiaioli."[58]
  • Francesco Paolo Michetti (1851–1929), was "one of the most important painters of the second half of the 19th century."[59]
  • Eliseu Visconti (1866–1944), was one of the most important painters in Brazil in the early 20th century.
  • Joseph Stella (1877–1946), was a painter. He is best known for his cubist- and futurist-inspired paintings executed in the years around 1920.
  • Mario Sironi (1885–1961), painter, sculptor, architect, stage designer and illustrator.
  • Giorgio de Chirico (1888–1978), painter, writer, theatre designer, sculptor and printmaker. De Chirico was one of the originators of pittura metafisica.
  • Michele Cascella (1892–1989), was a painter, ceramist, and lithographer. In 1937 he won the gold medal at the Paris Exposition Universelle.
  • Antonio Sicurezza (1905–1979), was a famous painter, born at Santa Maria Capua Vetere, in Campania.
  • Renato Guttuso (1912–1987), painter. "He was a forceful personality and Italy's leading exponent of Social Realism in the 20th century."[60]
  • Antonio Cardile (1914–1986), was an artist of the Roman School of painting.
  • Luigi Malice (born 1937), is a famous painter and sculptor.
  • Mimmo Paladino (born 1948), is a painter, sculptor and printmaker. He was a key figure in the so-called Transavantgarde movement.
  • Silvio Vigliaturo (born 1949), is a master of glass-fusing, famous for his paintings, sculptures, stained-glass windows and floors.
  • Francesco Clemente (born 1952), painter and draftsman. He worked collaboratively with other artists such as Jean-Michel Basquiat and Andy Warhol.

Political figures

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Main articles: Politicians of Abruzzo, Politicians of Molise, Politicians of Campania, Politicians of Apulia,

Politicians of Basilicata, Politicians of Calabria, Politicians of Sicily, and Politicians of Sardinia

Popes

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  • Pope Zachary (679-752) was the last pope of the Byzantine Papacy. Zachary built the original church of Santa Maria sopra Minerva, forbade the traffic of slaves in Rome, and negotiated peace with the Lombards. Zachary is regarded as a capable administrator and a skillful and subtle diplomat in a dangerous time.
  • Pope Victor III (c. 1026 – 1087), original name Daufer, was pope from 1086 to 1087.
  • Pope Gregory VIII (c. 1100/1105 – 1187), original name Alberto di Morra, was pope from 25 October to 17 December 1187.
  • Pope Celestine V (1215–1296), original name Pietro Angelerio, was pope from 5 July to 13 December 1294, the first pontiff to abdicate.
  • Pope Urban VI (c. 1318 – 1389), original name Bartolomeo Prignano, was pope from 1378 to 1389.
  • Pope Innocent VII (1336–1406), original name Cosimo de' Migliorati, was pope from 1404 to 1406.
  • Pope Boniface IX (c. 1350 – 1404), original name Piero Tomacelli, was pope from 1389 to 1404.
  • Pope Paul IV (1476–1559), original name Gian Pietro Carafa, was pope from 1555 to 1559.
  • Pope Innocent XII (1615–1700), original name Antonio Pignatelli, was pope from 1691 to 1700.
  • Pope Benedict XIII (1650–1730), original name Pietro Francesco Orsini, was pope from 1724 to 1730.

Saints

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Scientists

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See also: Category:Scientists from Sicily

Mathematicians

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See also: Category:Mathematicians from Sicily

Sculptors

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  • Nicola Pisano (c. 1220/1225 – c. 1284), also known as Nicholas of Apulia, was the founder of modern sculpture.
  • Niccolò dell'Arca (c. 1435/1440 – 1494), was an early Renaissance sculptor, most probably of Apulian origin.
  • Giovanni da Nola (1478–1559), was "one of the most important sculptors in the Italian High Renaissance."[91]
  • Girolamo Santacroce (c. 1502 – c. 1537), Neapolitan sculptor, architect and medallist, was active in Naples, where he produced statues, altars and funerary monuments.
  • Gian Lorenzo Bernini (1598–1680), artistic polymath. He was "perhaps the greatest sculptor of the 17th century and an outstanding architect as well."[92]
  • Dionisio Lazzari (1617–1689), was a sculptor and architect from Naples.
  • Giacomo Serpotta (1652–1732), was a master stucco sculptor.
  • Gaetano Giulio Zumbo (1656–1701), "sculptor of the celebrated Plague waxworks, was the most enigmatic artist in the Florence of the last Medicis."[93]
  • Domenico Antonio Vaccaro (1678–1745), "was one of the leading Neapolitan sculptors of the first half of the 18th century."[94]
  • Giuseppe Sanmartino (1720–1793), arguably the finest sculptor of his time.
  • Alfonso Balzico (1825–1901), was a famous sculptor. In 1900 he won the gold medal at the Exposition Universelle, Paris, with the statue Flavio Gioia.
  • Vincenzo Ragusa (1841–1927), taught sculpture from 1876 to 1882, and introduced European fine arts to Japan.
  • Vincenzo Gemito (1852–1929), was the greater sculptor of Neapolitan impressionism.
  • Ettore Ximenes (1855–1926), was a renowned sculptor whose work was associated with Brazilian nationalism.
  • Mario Rutelli (1859–1941), was a well-known sculptor who has made a number of works on display around Italy.
  • Umberto Boccioni (1882–1916), was an influential futurist theoretician, painter, and sculptor.
  • Francesco Messina (1900–1995), was one of the most important Italian sculptors of the 20th century.
  • Costantino Nivola (1911–1988), was "a painter, designer, and sculptor"[95] born in Orani who became famous especially in the United States.
  • Emilio Greco (1913–1995), was a sculptor of bronze and marble figurative works, primarily female nudes and portraits.
  • Pietro Consagra (1920–2005), was an abstract sculptor known for his works in iron and bronze.
  • Arturo Di Modica (born 1941), is a sculptor. He is best known for his iconic sculpture, Charging Bull (also known as the Wall Street Bull).

Writers and philosophers

[edit]
See also Category:Writers from Sicily and Sardinian Literary Spring
  • John Italus (fl. 11th century), was a Neoplatonic philosopher of Calabrian origin.
  • Goffredo Malaterra (fl. 11th century), a Benedictin and historian, was the author of De rebus gestis Rogerii et Roberti, which chronicles the history of the Normans in Italy.
  • Ibn Hamdis (c. 1056 – c. 1133), was the greatest Arab-Sicilian poet. He "considered himself a Sicilian."[96]
  • Joachim of Fiore (c. 1135 – 1202), mystic, theologian, biblical commentator, and philosopher of history. In 1196 he founded the order of San Giovanni in Fiore.
  • Pietro della Vigna (c. 1190 – 1249), was a "jurist, poet, and man of letters."[97] An exponent of the formal style of Latin prose called ars dictandi.[97]
  • Thomas of Celano (c. 1200 – c. 1265), was a Franciscan friar, poet, and hagiographical writer. He probably composed the sequence Dies Irae and its celebrated plainsong.
  • Thomas Aquinas (1225–1274), genius, philosopher, and theologian. The major works of Aquinas include the Summa Theologica and the Summa contra Gentiles.
  • Giacomo da Lentini (fl. 13th century), poet. He is traditionally credited with the invention of the sonnet.
  • Antonio Beccadelli (1394–1471), was a scholar and poet born in Palermo, who was known for his fine Latin verse.
  • Masuccio Salernitano (1410–1475), was a poet who wrote Il Novellino, a collection of fifty short stories.
  • Iovianus Pontanus (1426–1503), was "a famous humanist and poet."[98]
  • Julius Pomponius Laetus (1428–1497), was a great writer, humanist, and founder of the Accademia Romana.
  • Jacopo Sannazzaro (1456–1530), a "poet whose Arcadia was the first pastoral romance."[99]
  • Thomas Cajetan (1469–1534), "was the most renowned Dominican theologian and philosopher in the sixteenth century."[100]
  • Bernardino Telesio (1509–1588), philosopher. He was a leader in the Renaissance movement against medieval Aristotelianism.
  • Isabella di Morra (c. 1520 – 1545/1546), poet, cited as a "precursor of Romantic poets".[101]
  • Lorenzo Scupoli (c. 1530 – 1610), was a writer, philosopher, and priest of the Theatine Congregation. He was the author of the great classic, The Spiritual Combat.
  • Caesar Baronius (1538–1607), was an ecclesiastical historian, cardinal of the Roman Catholic Church. His best known work are his Annales Ecclesiastici.
  • Antonio Veneziano (1543–1593), was the greatest poet of the Sicilian cinquecento.
  • Torquato Tasso (1544–1595), a genius, was the "greatest Italian poet of the late Renaissance."[102]
  • Giordano Bruno (1548–1600), philosopher and polymath whose theories anticipated modern science.
  • Giambattista Basile (1566–1632), soldier, public official, poet, and short-story writer.
  • Tommaso Campanella (1568–1639), was a philosopher, polymath, and child prodigy. He is best remembered for his socialistic work The City of the Sun.
  • Giambattista Marino (1569–1625), "poet, founder of the school of Marinism (later Secentismo), which dominated 17th-century Italian poetry."[103]
  • Lucilio Vanini (1585–1619), a famous philosopher and free-thinker who was burnt at the stake for the atheism of his publications.
  • Gemelli Careri (1651–1725), was a famous writer and traveler. Author of Giro Del Mondo (1699).
  • Giovanni Vincenzo Gravina (1664–1718), was "an eminent jurist and writer, born at Roggiano [Gravina], in Calabria."[104]
  • Giambattista Vico (1668–1744), was a philosopher and polymath who is recognized today as a forerunner of cultural anthropology, or ethnology.
  • Raimondo di Sangro (1710–1771), was a writer, polymath, and Grand Master of Naples's first Masonic lodge.
  • Antonio Genovesi (1713–1769), was a priest, professor of philosophy, and pioneer in ethical studies and economic theory.
  • Giovanni Meli (1740–1815), was a poet and man of letters. He is "commonly considered one of the most important dialect poets of eighteenth-century Italy."[105]
  • Francesco Mario Pagano (1748–1799), politician, jurist and writer, was professor of law at the university of Naples.
  • Pasquale Galluppi (1770–1846), was an epistemologist and moral philosopher, was born in Tropea.
  • Gabriele Rossetti (1783–1854), was a patriotic poet, commentator on Dante. Professor of Italian at King's College London, 1831–47.
  • Michele Amari (1806–1889), was a patriot, historian and orientalist, author of Storia dei Musulmani di Sicilia (History of the Muslims of Sicily) 1854.
  • Girolamo de Rada (1814–1903), was a poet and writer, founding father of Arbëresh literature and culture.
  • Ferdinando Petruccelli della Gattina (1815–1890), was a revolutionary and writer. One of the greatest journalists of the 19th century and a pioneer of modern journalism.
  • Francesco de Sanctis (March 1817 – 1883), critic, educator, and legislator. He was the foremost Italian literary historian of the 19th century.
  • Bertrando Spaventa (June 1817 – 1883), historian of philosophy, was a major force in the tradition of Italian Hegelianism.
  • Goffredo Mameli (1827–1849), was a poet and patriot of the Risorgimento. Author of the Italian national anthem, Inno di Mameli, popularly known as Il Canto degli Italiani.
  • Luigi Capuana (1839–1915), novelist, journalist, critic, and the leading theorist of Italian verismo.
  • Giovanni Verga (1840–1922), novelist, short-story writer, and playwright, most important of the Italian verismo school of novelists.
  • Salvatore Farina (1846–1918), was a novelist. He enjoyed great popularity in his lifetime, to the point that many critics referred to him as the "Italian Charles Dickens."[106]
  • Errico Malatesta (1853–1932), was an anarchist writer and revolutionary. His most important works are Anarchy and Fra Contadini (Between peasants).
  • Matilde Serao (1856-1927), was a novelist, journalist and newspaper proprietor who published around 40 novels focussing on the lives of women, including in the Verismo style.
  • Gaetano Mosca (1858–1941), was a jurist, philosopher, and proponent of the theory of élite domination.
  • Nicola Zingarelli (1860–1935), was a philologist and man of letters. The founder of the Zingarelli Italian dictionary.
  • Federico De Roberto (1861–1927), was a renowned verismo writer. His best-known work is I Vicerè (The Viceroys) 1894.
  • Gabriele D'Annunzio (1863–1938), "poet, novelist, dramatist, short-story writer, journalist, military hero, and political leader."[107]
  • Benedetto Croce (1866–1952), "historian, humanist, and foremost Italian philosopher of the first half of the 20th century."[108]
  • Luigi Pirandello (1867–1936), playwright, novelist, and short-story writer, winner of the 1934 Nobel Prize for Literature.
  • Grazia Deledda (1871–1936), novelist and short-story writer. She was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1926.
  • Gaetano Salvemini (1873–1957), was a writer, historian, and politician who fought for universal suffrage and the uplift of the Italian South.
  • Giovanni Gentile (1875–1944), major figure in Italian idealist philosophy, politician, educator, and editor.
  • Emilio Lussu (1890–1975), was a writer and politician, minister in the first Republican governments.
  • Antonio Gramsci (1891–1937), a writer and polymath. He was one of the most important Marxist thinkers in the 20th century.
  • Corrado Alvaro (1895–1956), novelist and journalist whose works investigated the social and political pressures of life in the 20th century.
  • Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa (1896–1957), novelist. Internationally renowned for his work, The Leopard, published posthumously in 1958.[109]
  • Julius Evola (1898–1974), was a philosopher and polymath. The historian Mircea Eliade described him as "one of the most interesting minds of the war [WW I] generation."[110]
  • Leonida Repaci (1898 - 1985), novelist. He won the Bagutta Prize in 1933 and was one of the originators of the Viareggio Prize.
  • Ignazio Silone (1900–1978), novelist, short-story writer, and political leader. Internationally known for his novel Fontamara.
  • Nicola Abbagnano (July 1901 – 1990), a famous philosopher. He "was the first and most important Italian existentialist."[111]
  • Salvatore Quasimodo (August 1901 – 1968), poet, critic, and translator. He received the Nobel Prize for Literature in 1959.
  • Lanza del Vasto (September 1901 – 1981), was a writer, philosopher, and follower of Gandhi's movement for non-violence.
  • Vitaliano Brancati (1907–1954), was a writer of ironic and sometimes erotic novels.
  • Elio Vittorini (July 1908 – 1966), novelist, translator, and critic. Conversations in Sicily, which clearly expresses his antifascist feelings, is his most important novel.
  • Tommaso Landolfi (August 1908 – 1979), was a writer of fiction and literary critic.
  • Alfonso Gatto (1909–1976), renowned poet who was also an editor, journalist, and cultural broadcaster.
  • Elsa Morante (1912–1985), was one of the most important novelists of the postwar period, author of the bestseller La storia.
  • Gesualdo Bufalino (1920–1996), was a "novelist who, saw his literary career blossom after his retirement from teaching in 1976."[112]
  • Leonardo Sciascia (1921–1989), writer noted for his metaphysical examinations of political corruption and arbitrary power.
  • Italo Calvino (1923–1985), journalist, short-story writer, and novelist. One of the most important Italian fiction writers in the 20th century.
  • Andrea Camilleri (6 September 1925), popular novelist who was formerly a theatre director and television producer in Rome.
  • Luciano De Crescenzo (born 1928), is one of the most popular Neapolitan writers.
  • Vincenzo Consolo (1933–2012), was one of the most important Italian writers of the 20th century.
  • Gavino Ledda (born 1938), is a Sardinian shepherd and self-taught student who became a famous writer.
  • Giulio Angioni (born 1939), writer and anthropologist. He is the author of about twenty books of fiction and a dozen volumes of essays in anthropology.
  • Erri De Luca (born 1950), is one of the most important contemporary Italian writers.
  • Caterina Davinio (born 1957), is a poet, writer, and new media artist. Initiator of Italian Net-poetry in 1998.

Other notables

[edit]

See also

[edit]

Footnotes

[edit]
  1. ^ Some would also include the most southern parts of Lazio (Sora, Roccasecca, Fondi, Pico, Cassino and Gaeta districts), which historically were part of the Kingdom of Two Sicilies.
  2. ^ Sicilian from father side.
  3. ^ Apulian from mother side.

References

[edit]
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  55. ^ Antonio de Bellis. Grove Art, Oxford University Press. Web. 5 February 2014.
  56. ^ Giuseppe Recco. Grove Art, Oxford University Press. Web. 4 February 2014.
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  102. ^ Torquato Tasso. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 29 January 2014.
  103. ^ Giambattista Marino. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 19 January 2014.
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  107. ^ Gabriele D'Annunzio. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 19 January 2014.
  108. ^ Benedetto Croce. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 19 January 2014.
  109. ^ Giuseppe Tomasi di Lampedusa. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 21 January 2014.
  110. ^ Rennie, Bryan. The International Eliade. SUNY Press, 2007. p. 132. Web. 19 January 2014.
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  112. ^ Gesualdo Bufalino. Encyclopædia Britannica Online, 2014. Web. 16 February 2014.
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