List of plantations in North Carolina
This is a list of plantations in North Carolina that are National Historic Landmarks, listed on the National Register of Historic Places, listed on a heritage register, or are otherwise significant for their history, association with significant events or people, or their architecture and design.[1][2][3]
Definition of a plantation
[edit]
Today, as was also true in the past, there is a wide range of opinion as to what differentiated a plantation from a farm. Typically, the focus of a farm was subsistence agriculture. In contrast, the primary focus of a plantation was the production of cash crops, with enough staple food crops produced to feed the population of the estate and the livestock.[4] A common definition of what constituted a plantation is that it typically had 500 to 1,000 acres (2.0 to 4.0 km2) or more of land and produced one or two cash crops for sale.[5] Other scholars have attempted to define it by the number of slaves that were owned.[6]
North Carolina plantations
[edit]The tables of plantations below are sortable, so the name, locality, county (current), historic register number, and built in years can be easily reviewed. References can be found on the individual articles linked or are noted if there are no articles. Comparisons to similar referenced listings are in progress.[7][8][9]
| Color key | Historic register listing |
|---|---|
| National Historic Landmark | |
| National Register of Historic Places | |
| Contributing property to a National Register of Historic Places historic district | |
| Not listed on national or state register |
Built during the Province of North Carolina period
[edit]North Carolina plantation were identified by name, beginning in the 17th century. The names of families or nearby rivers or other features were used. The names assisted the owners and local record keepers in keeping track of specific parcels of land. In the early 1900s, there were 328 plantations identified in North Carolina from extant records.[10][8][9]
The Sloop Point plantation in Pender County, built in 1729, is the oldest surviving plantation house and the second oldest house surviving in North Carolina, after the Lane House (built in 1718–1719 and not part of a plantation). Sloop Point was once owned by John Baptista Ashe, who was a delegate to the Continental Congress, U.S. Congressman from North Carolina and Continental Army officer.[11][12]
The known plantations during the period of the Province of North Carolina (1712–1776) are listed in the table below.
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Built from 1776 to 1863
[edit]The following table shows the plantations in North Carolina that were built between 1776 and the end of the Civil War.
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Plantations built after the civil war
[edit]Some plantations were built after the civil war and abolition of slavery.
| NRHP reference number | Name | Image | Date designated | Locality | County | Date built and other notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 93000235 | Chinqua Penn Plantation | 
|
April 8, 1993 | Reidsville 36°23′4″N 79°42′0″W / 36.38444°N 79.70000°W |
Rockingham | Built in 1920s by Thomas Jefferson Penn. |
Notable plantation owners
[edit]The following persons were large plantation owners for which the plantation has not yet been identified.
- John H. Wheeler: (1806–1882) was an American planter, slaveowner, attorney, politician and historian who served as North Carolina State Treasurer (1843–1845) and as United States Minister to Nicaragua (1855–1856)
- William Lenoir: (May 8, 1751 – May 6, 1839) was an American Revolutionary War officer and prominent statesman in late 18th-century and early 19th-century North Carolina.
See also
[edit]
- History of slavery in North Carolina
- Plantation complexes in the Southern United States
- List of plantations in the United States
Originally form Virginia the J.A. Evans Family moved from Edgecombe County, N.C. through Nash County, N.C. to Pine Level in Johnston County, N.C. in 1850 A.D. and started a farm which eventually through land purchases became the 6,000 acre Tall Pines Plantation, Founded in 1870 A.D. by Jane Barns Evans widow of J.A. Evans CSA. The family lost control of the property in 1938 A.D. after the Great Financial Depression and gained some compensation for the land through legal action taking by the Evans family in 1947 A.D. Descendants of the J.A. Evans Family in 2020 A.D. were still living in the Pine Level area.
Jane Barnes Evans was a cotton Baroness and part owner of the North Carolina Railroad which ran through part of her Tall Pines Plantation which supplied fresh water to the North Carolina Railroad for the use of steam engine locomotives.
References
[edit]- ^ "How to Apply the National Register Criteria for Evaluation]" (PDF). National Register Bulletins, National Park Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on December 4, 2013. Retrieved March 22, 2007.
- ^ National Park Service (April 2007). "National Historic Landmarks Survey: List of National Historic Landmarks by State" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-09. Retrieved 2007-05-20.
- ^ National Park Service. "National Historic Landmark Program: NHL Database". Archived from the original on 2004-06-06. Retrieved August 14, 2007.
- ^ Phillips, Ulrich Bonnell (1929). Life and Labor in the Old South. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. p. 338. ISBN 978-0-316-70607-0.
- ^ Robert J. Vejnar II (November 6, 2008). "Plantation Agriculture". The Encyclopedia of Alabama. Auburn University. Retrieved April 15, 2011.
- ^ Vlach, John Michael (1993). Back of the Big House, The Architecture of Plantation Slavery. Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press. p. 8. ISBN 978-0-8078-4412-0.
- ^ a b c d e f g "Plantations of North Carolina". NCGENWEB. Retrieved October 14, 2019.
- ^ a b Grimes, J. Bryan (1910). Abstract of North Carolina wills compiled from original and recorded wills in the office of the Secretary of State. Raleigh: E.M. Uzzell.
- ^ a b North Carolina, and J. Bryan Grimes (1912). North Carolina wills and inventories copied near original and recorded wills and inventories in the office of the secretary of state. Raleigh, [N.C.]: Edwards & Broughton Print. Co.
- ^ Powell, William S. (2006). "Plantation Names". NCPedia.
- ^ Teterton, Beverly (2006). "Sloop Point Plantation". NCPEDIA. Retrieved October 15, 2019.
- ^ "Discovery of the Oldest Dated House in North Carolina". North Carolina Department of Cultural Resources. January 16, 2013. Archived from the original on February 1, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2013.
- ^ on the Duplin and Sampson County line
- ^ Kenan, Thomas S., III (1988). "James Kenan". NCPEDIA. Retrieved October 16, 2019.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ "Captain George Gilreath". Google.com Gilreathfamily. Retrieved October 13, 2019.
- ^ Littleton, Tucker Reed. "Avirett, James Battle by Tucker Reed Littleton, 1979". NCPedia. State Library of North Carolina. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
- ^ Cecelski, David (2000). An Historian's Coast Adventures into the Tidewater Past. Winston-Salem, North Carolina: John F. Blair, Publisher. ISBN 9780895871893. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
- ^ Stonestree, O.C. (December 28, 2008). "Darshana Hall Plantation is worth a visit". Statesville Record & Landmark.
- ^ This number corresponds to the Alexander Hogan Plantation, Could not find a Herbert Akins Plantation reference
- ^ Lennon, Donald R. Lennon (1988). "Cornelius Harnett, Jr". NCPEDIA. Retrieved October 20, 2019.
- ^ "The Lyon's Whelp". Lyonswhelp.org. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
- ^ "William T. Smith House". Presnc.org. Retrieved October 12, 2019.
- ^ U.S. Department of the Interior, Southeast Regional Office, National Park Service (May 2000). "Historic American Buildings Survey Overhills" (PDF).
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
- Pages using the JsonConfig extension
- Plantations in North Carolina
- Houses on the National Register of Historic Places in North Carolina
- Plantation houses in North Carolina
- History of slavery in North Carolina
- North Carolina history-related lists
- Lists of plantation complexes in the United States by state or territory