List of musical instruments by Hornbostel–Sachs number: 312.11

This is a list of instruments by Hornbostel-Sachs number, covering those instruments that are classified under 312.11 under that system. These instruments are idiochord tube zithers.

3: Instruments in which sound is produced by one or more vibrating strings (chordophones, string instruments).

31: Instruments which consist solely of a string bearer or a string bearer with a resonator that is not integral to the instrument

312: Instrument has a string bearer made of a vaulted surface (tube zithers)

312.1: Instrument has a string carrier made from a complete tube (whole-tube zithers)

312.11: Instrument is an idiochord

These instruments may be classified with a suffix, based on how the strings are caused to vibrate.

4: Hammers or beaters
5: Bare hands and fingers
6: Plectrum
7: Bowing
- 71: Using a bow
- 72: Using a wheel
- 73: Using a ribbon
8: Keyboard
9: Using a mechanical drive

List

Instrument	Tradition	Hornbostel–Sachs classification	Description
Benta	Jamaica	312.11	Tube zither
Guntang	Indonesia	312.11	Tube zither
Karaniing	Malaysia	312.11	Tube zither
Keteng-Keteng	Indonesia	312.11	Tube zither
Kolitong	Philippines	312.11	Tube zither
Kong ring^[1]	Cambodia	312.11	Tube zither
Kulibit^[2]	Philippines	312.11	Tube zither
Mengmung	Indonesia	312.11	Tube zither
Tanggetang	Indonesia	312.11	Tube zither
Takumbo	Indonesia	312.11	Tube zither
Tol alao	Vietnam	312.11	Tubular zither
valiha^[3]^[4]	Madagascar	312.11	Tubular zither
Yalamber Baja^[5] Yalamber	Nepal	312.11	Tube zither

References

von Hornbostel, Erich M.; Curt Sachs (March 1961). "Classification of Musical Instruments: Translated from the Original German by Anthony Baines and Klaus P. Wachsmann". The Galpin Society Journal. 14. Galpin Society: 3–29. doi:10.2307/842168. JSTOR 842168.

Notes

^ Khean, Yun; Dorivan, Keo; Lina, Y; Lenna, Mao. Traditional Musical Instruments of Cambodia (PDF). Kingdom of Cambodia: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. p. 59.
^ Moore, Marvelene C.; Ewell, Philip (2010). Kaleidoscope of Cultures: A Celebration of Multicultural Research and Practice. Rowman & Littlefield Education. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-60709-301-5.
^ "Afropop Glossary". Afropop. Archived from the original on December 18, 2007. Retrieved December 17, 2007. zither, national instrument of Madagascar, similar in sound to the kora
^ "Like a God When He Plays". Archived from the original on November 20, 2007. Retrieved December 17, 2007.
^ Kadel, Ram Prasad (2007). Musical Instruments of Nepal. Katmandu, Nepal: Nepali Folk Instrument Museum. p. 230. ISBN 978-9994688302.

[unesco-1] Khean, Yun; Dorivan, Keo; Lina, Y; Lenna, Mao. Traditional Musical Instruments of Cambodia (PDF). Kingdom of Cambodia: United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization. p. 59.

[2] Moore, Marvelene C.; Ewell, Philip (2010). Kaleidoscope of Cultures: A Celebration of Multicultural Research and Practice. Rowman & Littlefield Education. p. 60. ISBN 978-1-60709-301-5.

[3] "Afropop Glossary". Afropop. Archived from the original on December 18, 2007. Retrieved December 17, 2007. zither, national instrument of Madagascar, similar in sound to the kora

[4] "Like a God When He Plays". Archived from the original on November 20, 2007. Retrieved December 17, 2007.

[MusINstrNepal-5] Kadel, Ram Prasad (2007). Musical Instruments of Nepal. Katmandu, Nepal: Nepali Folk Instrument Museum. p. 230. ISBN 978-9994688302.

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