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List of mass shootings in the United States (1900–1999)

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This is a list of notable mass shootings in the United States in the 20th century.

Mass shootings are incidents involving several victims of firearm-related violence. The precise inclusion criteria are disputed, and there is no broadly accepted definition.[1][2]

The Gun Violence Archive, a nonprofit research group that tracks shootings and their characteristics in the United States, defines a mass shooting as an incident in which four or more people, excluding the perpetrator(s), are shot in one location at roughly the same time.[3] The Congressional Research Service narrows that definition further, only considering what it defines as "public mass shootings", and only considering victims as those who are killed, excluding any victims who survive.[2] The Washington Post and Mother Jones use similar definitions, with the latter acknowledging that their definition "is a conservative measure of the problem", as many rampages with fewer fatalities occur.[4][5] The crowdsourced Mass Shooting Tracker project uses a definition even looser than the Gun Violence Archive's definition: four people shot in one incident regardless of the circumstances.[6]

Better documentation of mass shootings in the United States has occurred through independent and scholarly studies such as the Stanford University Mass Shootings in America Data Project.[4][2]

Definitions

[edit]

There are varying definitions of a mass shooting. Listed roughly from most broad to most restrictive:

Stanford MSA Data Project: 3+ shot in one incident, at one location, at roughly the same time, excluding organized crime, as well as gang-related and drug-related shootings.[7]
Mass Shooting Tracker: 4+ shot in one incident, at one location, at roughly the same time.[6]
Gun Violence Archive/Vox: 4+ shot in one incident, excluding the perpetrator(s), at one location, at roughly the same time.[3]
Mother Jones: 3+ shot and killed in one incident, excluding the perpetrator(s), at a public place, excluding gang-related killings.[8]
The Washington Post: 4+ shot and killed in one incident, excluding the perpetrator(s), at a public place, excluding gang-related killings.[4]
Congressional Research Service: 4+ shot and killed in one incident, excluding the perpetrator(s), at a public place, excluding gang-related killings, acts carried out that were inspired by criminal profit, and terrorism.[9]

Only shootings that have Wikipedia articles of their own are included in this list. Detailed lists of shootings can be found per-year at their respective pages.

List

[edit]

1990s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
December 31, 1999 Tampa, Florida 5 3 8 A hotel employee gunned down four of his workers at a hotel, then fled the scene to kill a woman after she refused to give up her car. Three others were wounded during the spree shootings.[10]
December 5, 1999 Baltimore, Maryland 5 0 5 Five women were found shot to death in a row house.[11]
November 2, 1999 Honolulu, Hawaii 7 0 7 1999 Honolulu shootings: A service technician opened fire inside a Xerox building and killed seven people while an eighth escaped. The perpetrator then held thirty-five school children inside the Hawaii Nature Center before surrendering to police.
September 15, 1999 Fort Worth, Texas 8[n 1] 7 15 Wedgewood Baptist Church shooting: During a concert in the church for teenagers, the perpetrator entered and shot and killed seven attendees and wounded seven others before committing suicide.
August 10, 1999 Los Angeles, California 1 5 6 Los Angeles Jewish Community Center shooting: Affiliated with the Aryan Nations, the perpetrator killed one and wounded five when entering a Jewish community center.
May 20, 1999 Conyers, Georgia 0 6 6 Heritage High School shooting: A 15-year-old student opened fire and wounded six students before attempting suicide, he was stopped by an assistant principal, who had gone to his vehicle and retrieved a M1911a1, a .45 caliber handgun, then returned to the school and confronted the shooter.
April 20, 1999 Columbine, Colorado 15[n 1] 24 39 Columbine High School massacre: Two students from the school shot and killed twelve classmates and a teacher before committing suicide.
January 3, 1999 Compton, California 2 2 4 A gang member shot four security guards, killing two, at a low-income housing complex.[12]
May 29, 1998 Compton, California 3 0 3 Three known gang members were killed during a shootout at Rob's Car Wash in Compton. One of the people killed was Orlando Anderson, the prime suspect in rapper Tupac Shakur's murder.[13]
May 21, 1998 Springfield, Oregon 4 25 29 Thurston High School shooting: An expelled student targeted his parents and the school and killed four people and injured twenty-five others before being arrested.
April 24, 1998 Edinboro, Pennsylvania 1 3 4 1998 Parker Middle School dance shooting: A 14-year-old student opened fire and fatally shot a teacher and injured another and two students during an 8th grade dance, before being arrested.[14]
April 22, 1998 Inglewood, California 3 0 3 A man shot and killed two of his co-workers before killing himself.[15]
March 24, 1998 Craighead County, Arkansas 5 10 15 1998 Westside Middle School shooting: Two students aged 11 and 13, shot and killed four students and a teacher and injured ten others before being arrested.
January 3, 1998 New York City, New York 3 1 4 Three men, ages 23, 24 and 27 were fatally shot outside a bar in the Soundview neighborhood of The Bronx.[16]
December 19, 1997 Orange, California 5[n 1] 2 7 A recently fired employee went back to his former workplace and killed four people before being killed by police.[17][18]
December 1, 1997 West Paducah, Kentucky 3 5 8 1997 Heath High School shooting: A 14-year-old student opened fire on a group of students praying before the school opened, killing three and injuring five before surrendering.[19]
October 1, 1997 Pearl, Mississippi 3 7 10 1997 Pearl High School shooting: The perpetrator shot and killed his mother, then drove to the high school and shot and killed two students and injured seven before being arrested.
July 6, 1997 Washington, D.C. 3 0 3 Starbucks murders: Three Starbucks employees were killed during a robbery.
June 6, 1997 Santa Fe Springs, California 3 4 6 A 38-year-old man shot and killed two men and wounded four others before fatally shooting himself on a South Los Angeles street.[20]
March 11, 1997 Detroit, Michigan 4[n 1] 2 6 1997 Detroit shootings: An armed gunman opened fire killing three people and wounding two others in northeast Detroit before being killed by police.[21]
February 19, 1997 Bethel, Alaska 2 2 4 1997 Bethel Regional High School shooting: A student shot and killed two people and wounded two others before surrendering to police. He was reportedly assisted by several students in learning how to shoot, and many knew about the shooting plans in advance.
October 27, 1996 San Marcos, California 4 1 5 A woman fatally shot her four sons in the head inside a residence. The woman then attempted to commit suicide by shooting her; the woman survived.[22]
September 1, 1996 Dennehotso, Arizona 4 1 5 A man shot five of his children, killing four.[23]
June 22, 1996 Sauk Centre, Minnesota 5[n 1] 0 5 A man killed a family living next door over a property dispute before turning the gun on himself.[24]
April 12, 1996 Jackson, Mississippi 2[n 1] 10 12 A 53-year-old white supremacist shot eleven black people at a shopping center in a black-majority neighborhood in Jackson. Shortly afterwards, the shooter committed suicide at a nearby abandoned restaurant.[25]
February 9, 1996 Fort Lauderdale, Florida 5[n 1] 1 6 A fired 41-year-old man returned to his workplace and shot six, killing five, before committing suicide.[26][27]
February 2, 1996 Moses Lake, Washington 3 1 4 Frontier Middle School shooting: A student shot and killed a teacher and two students and wounded another before being arrested.[28]
December 19, 1995 New York City, New York 5 3[n 1] 8 A man shot five people to death in a shoe store in the Pelham Parkway section of The Bronx because the store didn't have the size 13 1/2 boots he desired. The gunman was then shot and injured by police before getting apprehended.[29]
November 7, 1995 Boston, Massachusetts 4 1 5 Two individuals opened fire when people were eating lunch, killing four.[30][31]
October 12, 1995 Blackville, South Carolina 2[n 1] 1 3 Blackville–Hilda High School shooting A 16-year-old boy shot and killed a teacher and injured another teacher before committing suicide at Blackville–Hilda High School.
July 20, 1995 Los Angeles, California 4 0 4 An electrician shot and killed four people at a Downtown Los Angeles technical center before surrendering to police.[32]
April 28, 1995 Littleton, Colorado 3 1 4 A man opened fire at an Albertsons supermarket, killing three people (including his wife and a police officer) and wounding one. The shooter was subdued and arrested.[33]
April 3, 1995 Corpus Christi, Texas 6[n 1] 0 6 A man walked into Walter Rossler Co. and killed five people before turning the gun on himself.[34][35]
March 22, 1995 Montclair, New Jersey 4 1 5 A man killed four people and injured one during a robbery at a post office, and was later sentenced to life in prison.[36][37]
November 22, 1994 Washington DC 4[n 1] 1 5 A 25-year-old man shot four police officers at a police station, killing three, before committing suicide.[38]
November 7, 1994 Wickliffe, Ohio 1 4[n 1] 5 Wickliffe Middle School shooting: A 37-year-old former student entered the building and shot and killed the custodian and wounded three other adults before he was arrested.[39]
October 23, 1994 Los Angeles, California 3 6 9 Nine people were shot, three of them fatally, in a gang-related South Los Angeles shooting.[40]
June 20, 1994 Fairchild Air Force Base, Washington 5[n 1] 22 27 Fairchild Air Force Base shooting: A former airman who had been discharged returned to the base hospital and killed four people and injured twenty-two people before being shot and killed by responding police.
April 16, 1994 Gadsden, Alabama 3 1 4 1994 Popeyes shooting: The perpetrators shot and killed three employees and injured one during a robbery.[41]
March 15, 1994 Santa Fe Springs, California 4[n 1] 2 6 A fired employee shot and killed three people and wounded two others at a manufacturing plant before committing suicide.[42]
January 30, 1994 Clarksville, Tennessee 4 0 4 A 19-year-old employee at a Taco Bell shot four co-workers and stole $3,000.[43]
December 17, 1993 Hugo, Oklahoma 3[n 1] 3 6 A 39-year-old man, upset that his dog was shot, killed two people and injured three others in a parking lot and committed suicide.[44]
December 14, 1993 Aurora, Colorado 4 1 5 Aurora, Colorado, Chuck E. Cheese shooting: The perpetrator shot and killed four employees and injured one in revenge for being fired from the restaurant.
December 7, 1993 Long Island, New York 6 19 25 Long Island Rail Road shooting: A passenger opened fire on other passengers and killed six and wounded nineteen before being subdued by three passengers and arrested.
December 3, 1993 Oxnard, California 5[n 1] 0 5 A man shot and killed three workers of an unemployment office. Afterwards he fled the scene and killed a pursuing officer before getting slain by other police officers outside a second unemployment office.[45]
September 16, 1993 The Bronx, New York 4 3 7 Four people were killed and three injured during a shooting in a Bronx apartment over a relationship feud.[46]
July 1, 1993 San Francisco, California 9[n 1] 6 15 101 California Street shooting: The perpetrator opened fire in an office building, killing eight people and wounding six others before committing suicide.
February 14, 1993 The Bronx, New York 6 0 6 An 18-year-old man killed six people during a drug-related shooting in a Bronx apartment.[47]
January 25, 1993 Langley, Virginia 2 3 5 CIA Headquarters shooting: A Pakistani national fired an AK-47 style weapon at a line of cars waiting at a red light to turn into the main entrance of the CIA Headquarters. He was captured in 1997.[48]
January 18, 1993 Grayson, Kentucky 2 0 2 East Carter High School shooting: Scott Pennington shot his teacher and a janitor, held his classmates hostage for a while, then surrendered to police.
January 8, 1993 Palatine, Illinois 7 0 7 Brown's Chicken Massacre: Two robbers entered a Brown's Chicken restaurant and murdered seven employees. The two were arrested and convicted in 2007 and 2009.[49]
December 19, 1992 Milwaukee, Wisconsin 4 0 4 A man shot four teenage girls to death in a dispute between two drug houses.[50]
December 14, 1992 Great Barrington, Massachusetts 2 4 6 1992 Bard College at Simon's Rock shooting: The perpetrator, Wayne Lo, had been stockpiling ammunition and weapons in his dorm, and after several alarms had been raised by third parties, he opened fire and killed a professor and student and wounded four others.[51]
June 20, 1992 Houston, Texas 4 2 6 Brownstone Lane murders: The perpetrators shot and killed four people and injured two at a residence in Houston, Texas.[52]
May 1, 1992 Olivehurst, California 4 10 14 Lindhurst High School Shooting and Hostage Situation (1992): A 20-year-old past student opened fire on a classroom and killed four people, wounded ten others, and held eighty people hostage during an eight-hour siege before he surrendered.
December 16, 1991 New York City, New York 3 2 5 Three were killed and two others were wounded when two males started shooting in the Mott Haven neighborhood in The Bronx. Four police officers were injured when two squad cars collided with each other after a victim ran into the street.[53]
December 6, 1991 Austin, Texas 4 0 4 1991 Austin yogurt shop killings: Four teenage girls were shot and killed at the Austin "I Can't Believe It's Yogurt!" shop. The case remains unsolved as of July 2023.[54]
November 14, 1991 Royal Oak, Michigan 6[n 1] 5 11 Royal Oak post office shootings: A gunman shot and killed five people and wounded five others at a post office before killing himself.[55]
November 1, 1991 Iowa City, Iowa 6[n 1] 1 7 University of Iowa shooting: A former graduate student attended a meeting for a research group before opening fire and killed five individuals and injured one before committing suicide.
October 16, 1991 Killeen, Texas 24[n 1] 27 51 Killeen, Texas, Luby's Restaurant shooting: A former Merchant Marine drove his vehicle through the front window of the restaurant before opening fire on a crowd of about eighty people, killing twenty-three and injuring twenty-seven before committing suicide.
April 23, 1991 Washington D.C. 3 0 3 Three people were fatally shot during an argument at a drug deal. Benito Valdez was sentenced to 93-years-to-life for the crime in May 2018.[56]
April 4, 1991 Sacramento County, California 6[n 2] 14[n 3] 20 Sacramento Hostage Crisis: For eight hours forty-one people were held hostage inside an electronics store, by four Vietnamese refugees who killed three and injured 14. Three of the four perpetrators were shot and killed by responding police.[57]
March 7, 1991 Detroit, Michigan 2 2 4 [58]
January 26, 1991 Chimayo, New Mexico 7 0 7 [59]
August 9, 1990 Waddell, Arizona 9 0 9 Arizona Buddhist Temple shooting: Nine men were robbed and shot to death in a Buddhist temple, with the perpetrator remaining un-convicted until 2014.[60]
July 17–18, 1990 Jacksonville, Florida 12[n 1] 6 18 GMAC Office shooting: A convicted felon returned to the loan office he had used to purchase a car and opened fire, killing eleven people and injuring six before committing suicide.
April 4, 1990 Detroit, Michigan 6 0 6 An 18-year-old woman killed six people during a robbery at a drug house in Detroit.[61][62]
February 10, 1990 Las Cruces, New Mexico 5 2 7 Las Cruces bowling alley massacre: Two unknown perpetrators entered the bowling alley and killed four people and injured three before fleeing. Though one victim later died from their injuries in 1999. The case is still unsolved.

1980s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
September 14, 1989 Louisville, Kentucky 9[n 1] 12 21 Standard Gravure shooting (1989): A 47-year-old pressman killed eight people and injured twelve at his former workplace, Standard Gravure, before committing suicide.
January 17, 1989 Stockton, California 6[n 1] 32 38 Cleveland Elementary School shooting: A drifter used a semi-automatic rifle to kill five children and wound thirty-two other students and teachers on the school playground before committing suicide.
September 26, 1988 Greenwood, South Carolina 2 9 11 Oakland Elementary School shooting: The perpetrator shot and killed two eight-year-old students and wounded nine others (seven students, a teacher, and a gym coach) in the school's cafeteria and a classroom before being arrested. He was sentenced to death.
July 17, 1988 Winston-Salem, North Carolina 4 6[n 1] 10 Old Salisbury Road shooting: The perpetrator shot nine passers-by from the center line on the road, killing four and injuring five before being arrested.
May 20, 1988 Winnetka, Illinois 2[n 1] 6 8 Attacks by Laurie Dann: The perpetrator entered the Hubbard Woods Elementary School and killed one student and wounded five others before entering a home and holding the inhabitants hostage before committing suicide.
February 16, 1988 Sunnyvale, California 7 4 11 ESL shooting: After stalking his coworker, the perpetrator entered the ESL building with several weapons and shot at employees and bystanders, killing seven people and wounding four before surrendering to police and SWAT officers.[63]
December 7, 1987 Cayucos, California 43[n 1] 0 43 Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 (1987) The perpetrator David Burke entered the cockpit of Pacific Southwest Airlines Flight 1771 and killed the pilot and co-pilot as well as shooting three other people before crashing the plane and killing all forty-three passengers and crew on board.
September 25, 1987 Elkland, Missouri 7 0 7 A man killed seven members of his family.[64]
July 12, 1987 Tacoma, Washington 8[n 1] 0 8 A man killed multiple members of his family before dying of a self-inflicted gunshot wound.[65]
April 23, 1987 Palm Bay, Florida 6 10 16 1987 Palm Bay shooting: A 59-year-old man shot sixteen people, killing six, at two shopping centers.[66]
August 20, 1986 Edmond, Oklahoma 15[n 1] 6 21 Edmond post office shooting: A part-time employee entered to begin his day before locking the doors and killing fourteen coworkers and injuring six others before committing suicide.
October 30, 1985 Springfield, Pennsylvania 3 7 10 Springfield Mall shooting: The perpetrator fired first at customers outside the Springfield Mall, and then moved inside and killed three and wounded seven before she was disarmed.[67]
October 18, 1985 Detroit, Michigan 0 6 6 Murray-Wright High School shooting: During half-time at a football game, the perpetrator opened fire with a shotgun on individuals that he had earlier fought with and wounded six.
December 22, 1984 New York City, New York 0 4 4 1984 New York City subway shooting: Four teenagers were shot and wounded by the perpetrator on a New York subway train.[68]
August 31, 1984 Los Angeles, California 4 0 4 A family of four were fatally shot in their South Los Angeles home. A suspect was arrested, charged and sentenced to death for the incident.
July 24, 1984 Hot Springs, Arkansas 5[n 1] 2 7 After a traffic stop, the perpetrator engaged in a gun fight with the officer, injuring each other. Despite being wounded, the shooter then entered a motel bar and fatally shot four people while injuring another before dying.[69]
July 18, 1984 San Diego, California 22[n 1] 19 41 San Ysidro McDonald's massacre: A male suspect entered a busy McDonald's and opened fire with an Uzi, shotgun and semiautomatic pistol, and killed twenty-one people and injured nineteen before being killed by a police sniper.
June 24, 1984 Dallas, Texas 6 1 7 1984 Dallas nightclub shooting: After being rejected by a woman on the dance floor, a man opened fire, killing six and injuring one.
April 15, 1984 Brooklyn, New York City, New York 10 0 10 Palm Sunday massacre: During a believed home invasion ten people—three adults, one teenager, and six children—were killed. An infant was left unharmed.[70]
February 24, 1984 Los Angeles, California 3[n 1] 12 15 49th Street Elementary School shooting: The perpetrator fired on children in a school playground from his home across the street, and killed two individuals and injured twelve others before committing suicide.
February 19, 1983 Seattle, Washington 13 1 14 Wah Mee massacre: Three perpetrators entered a gambling club at the Louisa Hotel during a robbery and killed thirteen people and wounded one in an attempt to leave no witnesses.[71]
September 25, 1982 Wilkes-Barre, Pennsylvania and Jenkins Township, Pennsylvania 13 1 14 Murders by George Banks: The perpetrator used an AR-15 to shoot and kill thirteen people and injure one in his home and the home of a former girlfriend. A four-hour standoff occurred before officers were able to arrest and hold him on several charges.[72]
August 20, 1982 Miami, Florida 8 3 11 Welding shop shooting: A teacher opened fire inside a welding shop, killing eight people and injuring three before attempting to flee by bicycle; he was run down as he cycled away.
May 3, 1982 Russian Jack Springs Park, Anchorage, Alaska 4 0 4 Russian Jack Springs Park shooting: A schizophrenic man left a psychiatric hospital on a day pass and killed four teenagers in a park before being arrested.
May 7, 1981 Salem, Oregon 5 18 23 Oregon Museum Tavern shooting: The perpetrator entered the location and fired, killing five people and injuring eighteen before he was wrestled to the ground.
March 30, 1981 Washington D.C. 1[n 4] 3 4 Attempted assassination of Ronald Reagan: John Hinckley Jr. attempted to kill President Ronald Reagan as to impress actress Jodie Foster, who he was infatuated with. Reagan was shot but survived, as did Secret Service agent Tim McCarthy and police officer Thomas Delahanty. Press Secretary James Brady was also shot, but he suffered permanent brain damage as a result, and his death in 2014 was ruled a homicide.
June 22, 1980 Daingerfield, Texas 5 11[n 1] 16 Daingerfield church shooting: The perpetrator killed five people and wounded ten others after they had declined to be character witnesses in the trial of him raping his daughter.

1970s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
November 3, 1979 Greensboro, North Carolina 5 12 17 Greensboro Massacre (1979): Members of the Communist Workers Party and others demonstrated against the KKK and the American Nazi Party, the event dissolved into a gunfight in which five people were killed and about twelve people were wounded.
January 29, 1979 San Diego, California 2 9 11 Cleveland Elementary School shooting: A 16-year-old girl who lived across the street shot and killed two people and injured nine others before being arrested.
July 16, 1978 Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 6 0 6 Roger Dale Stafford entered a Sirloin Stockade restaurant with his wife and brother intending to rob it; the three then waited until closing time and proceeded to order six employees into the freezer, whom Stafford then shot execution-style.[73][74]
June 28, 1978 Boston, Massachusetts 5 0 5 Blackfriars massacre: Four known criminals and a former Boston television investigative news anchorman and reporter were all killed in a supposed sale of cocaine.
September 4, 1977 San Francisco, California 5 11 16 Golden Dragon massacre: Five members of a Chinese youth gang attempted to kill rival gang members, which quickly turned into a shootout in which five people died and eleven were injured.
July 27, 1977 Carol City, Florida 6 2 8 Carol City massacre: Three perpetrators tied up eight people in a drug house and shot all of them, killing six and wounding two.[75]
July 12, 1976 Fullerton, California 7 2 9 California State University, Fullerton massacre: A custodian at the university killed seven people and wounded two others before fleeing the school. He was arrested.
March 30, 1975 Hamilton, Ohio 11 0 11 Easter Sunday Massacre: The perpetrator shot and killed his mother, brother, sister-in-law, and eight nieces and nephews in five minutes before calling police and being arrested.[76]
December 30, 1974 Olean, New York 3 11 14 1974 Olean High School shooting: A student locked himself in a third floor room before shooting out the window, killing three people and injuring eleven before being subdued with tear gas and arrested.
November 14, 1974 Amityville, New York 6 0 6 Ronald DeFeo Jr. Family Murders (1974): Basis for The Amityville Horror, where the perpetrator was convicted for the killing of his parents and siblings, six people in all.
January 18, 1973 Washington D.C. 7 2 9 Hanafi Murders: Three individuals were shot and killed, while two others were wounded, and four children drowned in an attack by six men.[77]
December 31, 1972 – January 7, 1973 New Orleans, Louisiana 10[n 1] 13 23 Howard Johnson's shooting: Over the course of ten hours and in several locations the perpetrator, having previously killed two police officers and wounded a third, killed seven people and injured ten before being shot and killed by police.
September 6, 1972 St. Croix, U.S. Virgin Islands 8 8 '16' Fountain Valley massacre: Five robbers attacked guests (and employees) at a Virgin Islands golf club frequented by tourists. The leader also harbored political and racial animosity arising out his perception of the Islands' colonial history. All were sentenced to life terms, although the leader escaped after hijacking an airplane to Cuba, and one defendant's sentence was commuted after 22 years.[78]
November 9, 1971 Westfield, New Jersey 5 0 5 Murders by John List: John List shot and killed his wife, mother and three teenage children in a belief that he needed to save their souls through death, he was arrested in 1989 after living under an assumed name after a neighbor recognized him from America's Most Wanted.[79]
June 14, 1971 Detroit, Michigan 8 0 8 Hazelwood massacre Eight people were shot to death in a house on Hazelwood Street in Detroit. The massacre remains unsolved.
August 7, 1970 San Rafael, California 4[n 1] 2 6 Marin County Civic Center attacks: The 17-year-old perpetrator took hostages in a court room in an attempt to coerce the release of the Soledad Brothers. Three prisoners released during the siege joined him in the attack, which left the main perpetrator dead along with three others and two others wounded.[80]
May 15, 1970 Jackson, Mississippi 2 12 14 Jackson State University shooting: After responding to the university due to a growing unrest, officers opened fire on a dorm building and two students (one from a local high school) were killed and twelve were injured.
May 4, 1970 Kent State University at Kent, Ohio 4 9 13 Kent State shootings: During a protest of the bombing of Cambodia at the university, members of the Ohio National Guard opened fire, killing four and injuring nine people.

1960s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
May 21–25, 1969 Greensboro, North Carolina 2 27 29 1969 Greensboro uprising: Student protestors, police officers and members of the National Guard exchanged gunfire on the campuses of James B. Dudley High School and North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, due to civil rights issues. Two were killed and twenty-seven injured.[81]
July 23–24, 1968 Cleveland, Ohio 6 12 18 Glenville shootout: A gun battle between the Cleveland Police Department and the Black Nationalists of New Libya led to six people being killed and at least twelve injured, and sparked the Glenville Riots.[82]
June 25, 1968 Lake Michigan, Good Hart, Michigan 6 0 6 Robison family murders: While vacationing, a family was shot and killed, with the parents also bludgeoned with a hammer. The investigation continued for fifteen months after the bodies were discovered.[83]
February 8, 1968 Orangeburg, South Carolina 3 27 30 South Carolina State University shooting: After responding to the scene of about 200 protestors protesting racial segregation, after an officer was assaulted, officers began to shoot into the crowd; three people were killed and twenty-seven injured.
November 12, 1966 Mesa, Arizona 5 2 7 1966 Rose-Mar College of Beauty shooting: A man shot and killed five people in the Rose-Mar College of Beauty in Mesa, Arizona, including four women and a toddler. He later told police he was inspired by the University of Texas tower shooting and Richard Speck's spree killing in Chicago earlier the same year.
August 1, 1966 University of Texas, at Austin, Texas 17[n 1][n 5] 31 48 University of Texas tower shooting: A student and former Marine sharpshooter killed his wife and mother before using the University of Texas clock tower as a sniper's nest to kill 15 people, including a pregnant woman, and wound 31 before being killed by police.
April 25, 1965 Orcutt, California 4[n 1] 10 14 1965 Highway 101 sniper attack: A 16-year-old stole his father's military rifle and shot at automobiles driving down the highway, killing two and injuring eleven before committing suicide. A third victim died later at the hospital.[84]

1950s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
December 19, 1959 Osprey, Florida 4 0 4 Walker family murders: Four members of the Walker family were fatally shot inside their house in Osprey, Florida. The perpetrator remains unknown.
March 1, 1954 Washington D.C. 0 5 5 1954 United States Capitol shooting: Four Puerto Rican nationalists shot from the Ladies Gallery of the House of Representatives chamber and wounded five Representatives.[85]

1940s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
September 6, 1949 Camden, New Jersey 13 3 16 'Walk of Death' Killings by Howard Unruh: The perpetrator walked through his neighborhood for 12 minutes and killed thirteen; including three children, and injured three.[86]
July 25, 1946 Walton County, Georgia 4 0 4 Moore's Ford Lynching: Four young African Americans; two married couples were lynched by a white mob and were shot and killed.[87]
July 8, 1945 Salina, Utah 9 19 28 Utah Prisoner of War Massacre: Nine German POWs were killed and nineteen wounded by an American Army Private who shot at them while on guard duty.[88]

1930s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
November 9, 1934 Kelayres, Pennsylvania 5 12–25 17–30 Kelayres Massacre: An election-eve parade and rally was shot at as it passed by the home of the local Republican boss, three victims died and between twelve and twenty-five were wounded.[89]
September 8, 1933 Belfast, Maine 5[n 6] 0 5 1933 Belfast shooting: A gunman shot four men to death on the street before fatally shooting himself in a blacksmith shop.[90]
June 17, 1933 Kansas City, Missouri 5 3 8 Kansas City Massacre: Four law enforcement officers and a fugitive were killed, with three law enforcement officers wounded in a shootout between the two groups.[91]
March 6, 1933 Cleveland, Ohio 6[n 6] 6 12 1933 Cleveland shootings: A mentally ill man shot five people to death and injured six others before being shot to death by police.[92]
January 2, 1932 Brookline, Missouri 6 0 6 Young Brothers massacre: Two criminals shot and killed six police officers during an attempted arrest.[93]

1920s

[edit]
Date Location Dead Injured Total Description
February 14, 1929 Chicago, Illinois 7 0 7 Saint Valentine's Day Massacre: Seven members and associates of Chicago's North Side Gang were shot and killed execution-style against a garage wall.[94]
September 9, 1924 Hanapepe, Hawaii 20 0 20 Hanapepe Massacre: During a strike of Filipino sugar workers, in an attempt to rescue two hostage strikebreakers police killed 16 strikers, while strikers killed four law enforcement members.[95]
June 21–22, 1922 Herrin, Illinois 23 0 23 Herrin Massacre: During a United Mineworkers of America nationwide strike union, miners shot at strikebreakers working at the mine. The mines guards killed three union miners on June 21, and the miners killed 20 strikebreakers and guards on June 22.[96]

Notes

[edit]
  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj Including the perpetrator or suspect
  2. ^ Including 3 of the perpetrators or suspects
  3. ^ 11 by gunfire
  4. ^ James Brady was injured in the shooting, but he was permanently disabled until dying of injuries from the gunshot wound in 2014
  5. ^ Including an unborn child
  6. ^ a b Including the perpetrator or suspect

References

[edit]
  1. ^ Borchers, Callum (October 4, 2017). "The vague definition of 'mass shooting' complicates media coverage". Washington Post. Retrieved August 26, 2018. ...'mass shooting' is a term without a universally-accepted definition.
  2. ^ a b c Bjelopera, Jerome (March 18, 2013). "Public Mass Shootings in the United States" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 9, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2018. There is no broadly agreed-to, specific conceptualization of this issue, so this report uses its own definition for public mass shootings.
  3. ^ a b "General Methodology". Gun Violence Archive. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  4. ^ a b c Berkowitz, Bonnie; Lu, Denise; Alcantara, Chris (September 14, 2018). "More than 50 years of U.S. mass shootings: The victims, sites, killers and weapons". Washington Post. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  5. ^ Follman, Mark; Aronsen, Gavin; Pan, Deanna (September 20, 2018). "A Guide to Mass Shootings in America". Mother Jones. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
  6. ^ a b "Mass Shooting Tracker". Mass Shooting Tracker. Archived from the original on January 4, 2018. Retrieved August 26, 2018.
  7. ^ "Mass Shootings in America". Stanford Libraries. Retrieved September 23, 2018.
  8. ^ Follman, Mark (August 24, 2012). "What Exactly Is a Mass Shooting?". Mother Jones. Retrieved August 27, 2018.
  9. ^ Bjelopera, Jerome (March 18, 2013). "Public Mass Shootings in the United States" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Archived from the original (PDF) on September 9, 2013. Retrieved August 26, 2018. There is no broadly agreed-to, specific conceptualization of this issue, so this report uses its own definition for public mass shootings.
  10. ^ Clary, Mike (December 31, 1999). "5 Killed, 3 Hurt in Florida Hotel Shooting". Los Angeles Times.
  11. ^ "5 Women Found Shot Dead In Baltimore Row House". The Washington Post. December 6, 1999. ISSN 0362-4331.
  12. ^ "Gang member's conviction upheld in slaying of 2 Compton security guards". Daily Breeze.com. April 26, 2012.
  13. ^ "Gang killer challenges state drive-by shooting law". LA Times. June 8, 2001.
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  17. ^ "Dismissed Worker Kills 4 and Then Is Slain". New York Times. December 20, 1997. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
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  24. ^ "5 Die in Minnesota Shooting Linked to Land Dispute". Los Angeles Times. June 23, 1996. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  25. ^ "Racial Motive Seen in Mississippi Shooting". The New York Times. April 14, 1996.
  26. ^ "Shooter sought racial revenge". tampabay.com. February 11, 1996.
  27. ^ "Fired City Worker Kills Five, Then Himself". apnews.com. February 9, 1996.
  28. ^ "Local News | Hearing Delayed For Suspect In Moses Lake Shooting Deaths". The Seattle Times. August 27, 1996. Retrieved November 27, 2018.
  29. ^ "5 Are Killed by Gunman in Bronx Shoe Store". The New York Times. December 20, 1995. ISSN 0362-4331.
  30. ^ "Gunmen Kill Four in Front of Stunned Customers at a Boston Restaurant". New York Times. November 7, 1995. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  31. ^ "4 Slain in Crowded Boston Restaurant; 2 Suspects Held". Los Angeles Times. November 7, 1995. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  32. ^ "City Worker Held After 4 Supervisors Are Slain : Rampage: Suspect, who had received unfavorable job evaluations, methodically shot victims, police say". Los Angeles Times. 20 July 1995.
  33. ^ "Gunman Kills Wife, 2 Others at Store". Los Angeles Times. 1995-04-29. Retrieved 2022-09-26.
  34. ^ "6 Die in Texas Office Shooting". New York Times. April 4, 1995. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  35. ^ "Ex-Worker Kills 5, Self in Shooting at Texas Company". Los Angeles Times. April 4, 1995. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  36. ^ "DEATH IN THE POST OFFICE: 4 Shot Dead in New Jersey Post Office; Wide Manhunt but Motive Is Unclear". The New York Times. March 22, 1995.l
  37. ^ "2 decades later, Montclair reflects on deadly post office shooting". NJ.com. March 23, 2015.
  38. ^ "Deceptive Portrait: Alleged Killer Led a Double Life". Washington Post. 1994-12-11. Retrieved 2023-11-20.
  39. ^ "Man Fires Shotgun In School, Killing One and Injuring 3". The New York Times. Associated Press. November 8, 1994. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 16, 2018.
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  42. ^ "Gunman Kills 3, Self at Plant in Santa Fe Springs". Los Angeles Times. 15 March 1994.
  43. ^ "Hearing set for man convicted in 1994 Taco Bell murders". Clarksvillenow. 2020-06-28. Retrieved 2024-03-07.
  44. ^ "3 Dead, 3 Injured in Oklahoma Shooting". The Washington Post. December 18, 1993.
  45. ^ "Gunman Kills 4, Is Slain by Police". Los Angeles Times. December 3, 1993. ISSN 0362-4331.
  46. ^ "4 Are Found Shot to Death In the Bronx". The New York Times. September 17, 2023.
  47. ^ "Suspect, 18, Is Arrested In Murders of 6 in Bronx". The New York Times. February 25, 1993.
  48. ^ Ayres, B. Drummond Jr. (January 26, 1993). "Gunman Kills 2 Near C.I.A. Entrance". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
  49. ^ "BGA Report on Brown's Chicken Massacre". www.ipsn.org. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
  50. ^ "Man Charged With 4 Milwaukee Killings". The New York Times. January 12, 1993. ISSN 0362-4331.
  51. ^ Depalma, Anthony (December 28, 1992). "Questions Outweigh Answers In Shooting Spree at College". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved December 16, 2018.
  52. ^ "Mothers say their sons didn't kill 4 people". Fort Worth Star-Telegram. June 29, 1992. p. 11 – via Newspapers.com.
  53. ^ "Bronx Shooting Leaves 3 Dead And 2 Injured". The New York Times. December 17, 1991.
  54. ^ "Biden signs bipartisan cold case law establishing federal right to request review for victims' families". Fox News. August 5, 2022. Archived from the original on August 10, 2022. Retrieved August 10, 2022.
  55. ^ "1991 Royal Oak Post Office shooting: The untold story of a hero who gave his life for others". 11 November 2021.
  56. ^ "Virginia Man Sentenced to 94 Years to Life in Prison for Triple Homicide in Northeast Washington in 1991". 25 May 2018.
  57. ^ Gross, Jane; Times, Special to The New York (April 6, 1991). "6 Are Killed as 8-Hour Siege By Gang Ends in California". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
  58. ^ "Two Slain In Detroit Meat-Market Robbery -- Gunman Also Wounds Three, Two Critically". Seattle Times. 2023-12-20. Retrieved 2023-12-21.
  59. ^ "Looking Back at the Chimayó Massacre". Rio Grande Sun. 2023-12-20. Retrieved 2024-04-02.
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  61. ^ "Offender Tracking Information System (OTIS) - Offender Profile".
  62. ^ "Three Suspects Arrested in Crack House Shootings". Associated Press.
  63. ^ MORAIN, DAN; STEIN, MARK A. (February 18, 1988). "Unwanted Suitor's Fixation on Woman Led to Carnage". Los Angeles Times. ISSN 0458-3035. Retrieved November 23, 2018.
  64. ^ "Farmer Admits Killing 7 Relatives but Doesn't Tell Why". October 10, 1987. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  65. ^ "MAN KILLS SEVEN RELATIVES AND SELF". The Washington Post. July 13, 1987. Retrieved September 22, 2024.
  66. ^ "Cruse v. State". justia.com. 1991.
  67. ^ "Hero Who Ended Mall Shootings Finds Life Changed". AP NEWS. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
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  69. ^ "Officers Tracing Gunman's History". The New York Times. 26 July 1984.
  70. ^ McFadden, Robert D. (16 April 1984). "10 in Brooklyn Are Found Slain Inside a House". The New York Times. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  71. ^ Turner, Wallace (25 August 1983). "20-Year-Old Is Convicted in Deaths of 13 in Seattle". The New York Times. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  72. ^ Dolinsky, Joe (September 24, 2017). "35 years later, mass murderer George Banks remains on death row". Times Leader. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  73. ^ Thornton, Anthony (July 15, 2008). "Drifter shoots, kills 6 workers at steak house (July 16, 1978)". NewsOK. Archived from the original on May 15, 2016.
  74. ^ Querry, K. (July 16, 2018). "The crime that changed Oklahoma: 40 year anniversary of Sirloin Stockade murders". KFOR-TV. Retrieved October 28, 2024.
  75. ^ Ovalle, David (October 15, 2012). "Pending execution casts spotlight on horrific Miami murder spree in late '70s". The Bradenton Herald. Archived from the original on April 2, 2017.
  76. ^ "A Motive Is Sought in Slaying of 11 in a Family in Ohio". The New York Times. April 1, 1975. Retrieved November 26, 2018.
  77. ^ Delaney, Paul (25 January 1973). "Survivor Tells How 7 Moslems Died in Washington". The New York Times. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
  78. ^ Joseph, Michael A. (2014). Fountain Valley 1972. Strategic Book Publishing & Rights. ISBN 9781628579840.
  79. ^ McCracken, Elizabeth (December 23, 2008). "Wanted - The Lives They Lived - Obituaries". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved July 28, 2019.
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  81. ^ Biondi, Martha (2012). The Black Revolution on Campus. University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-95352-9.
  82. ^ "Glenville Shootout". Encyclopedia of Cleveland History | Case Western Reserve University. August 2, 2018. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
  83. ^ Smith, A (July 23, 1968). "Dead a Month: Police Discover Family of 6 Shot". The Spokesman-Review. Retrieved November 25, 2018.
  84. ^ "Reida v. Lund 18 Cal.App.3d 698". www.lawlink.com. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
  85. ^ "No one expected attack on Congress in 1954". HollandSentinel.com. February 29, 2004. Archived from the original on March 22, 2005. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
  86. ^ Sauer, Patrick. "The Story of the First Mass Murder in U.S. History". Smithsonian. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
  87. ^ Bailey, Chelsea (August 2, 2017). "Moore's Ford Massacre: Activists reenact racist lynching as a call for justice". NBC News. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
  88. ^ "The Utah POW Massacre". Providentia. June 19, 2013. Archived from the original on June 19, 2013. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
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  91. ^ King, Jeffery S (1999). The Life and Death of Pretty Boy Floyd. Kent State University Press. ISBN 9780873386500.
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  93. ^ Plein, Chad (January 7, 2022). "Ozarks Life Vault: Young Brothers Massacre of 1932". KY3. Retrieved April 9, 2023.
  94. ^ O'Brien, John (14 February 2014). "The St. Valentine's Day Massacre". chicagotribune.com. Retrieved July 18, 2019.
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  96. ^ "Illinois cemetery search finds 1922 massacre victims". Daily Herald. Associated Press. November 15, 2013. Retrieved July 26, 2019.
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